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PALLISER'S 


American  Architecture; 


OR 


Every  Man  a Complete  Builder. 


PALLISER,  PALLISER  g GO.,  ARCHITECTS, 

NEW  YORK. 


Authors  of  “ Palliser’s  Useful  Details,”  “ Palliser’s  New  Cottage  Homes  and  Details,”  “ Palliser’s 

Building  Specifications  and  Contract  Blanks,”  etc.,  etc. 


(Copyright  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.) 

1896  EDITION. 


New  York; 

J.  S.  OGILVIE  PUBLISHING  COMPANY, 
57  Rose  Street, 


“ When  we  mean  to  build, 

We  first  survey  the  plat  then  draw  the  model; 

And,  when  we  see  the  figure  of  the  house. 

Then  must  we  rate  the  cost  of  erection  ; 

Which,  if  we  find  outweighs  ability, 

What  do  we  then  but  draw  anew  the  model 
In  fewer  offices  ; or,  at  least,  desist 
To  build  at  all?  Much  more  in  this  great  work 
Which  is  almost  to  pluck  a kingdom  down, 

And  set  another  up  should  we  survey 
The  plat  of  situation,  and  the  model ; 

Consent  upon  a sure  foundation  ; 

Question  surveyors  ; know  our  own  estate, 

How  able  such  a work  to  undergo  ; 

To  weigh  against  his  opposite  : or  else 
We  fortify  in  paper  and  in  figures, 

Using  the  names  of  men  instead  of  men ; 

Like  one  that  draws  the  model  of  a house 
Beyond  his  power  to  build  it ; who.  half  through 
Gives  o’er,  and  leaves  his  part  created  cost 
A naked  subject  to  the  weeping  clouds, 

And  waste  for  churlish  Winter’s  tyranny.” 

King  Henry  IV.,  Act  1,  Scene  3. 


“If  half  the  thought  which  is  given  to 
obscure  questions  in  theology  or  metaphysics 
had  been  given  to  the  question  of  making  men 
more  comfortable  by  building  better  habitations 
for  them,  what  a much  happier  and  more  com- 
fortable world  it  would  have  been !” 


Sir  A.  Helps. 


3 


PREFATORY. 


The  title  of  this  book  sufficiently  indicates  its  character  to  which  we  may  add  that  the  aim  has  been  to  pre- 
sent a variety  of  plans  which , with  few  additions  and  changes , can  be  adapted  to  the  requirements  and  individual 
tastes  of  those  about  to  build,  whether  living  in  town  or  country. 

The  plans  have  been  built  from  and  their  practicability  proven,  giving  also  correct  figures  of  cost,  but,  owing 
to  the  variation  in  prices  of  materials  and  labor  in  different  localities  and  at  different  times,  they  should  be  ac- 
cepted with  caution  and  as  not  adapted  to  every  circumstance  and  locality. 

The  plans  shown  give  a great  variety  of  arrangement  and  style,  and  are  well  adapted  to  meet  the  wants  of 
the  masses  for  tasty,  convenient  and  economical  buildings  ; in  fact,  this  book  is  offered  as  a plain  and  practical  aid 
to  people  who  desire  to  build  at  moderate  cost,  though  it  is  not  supposed  that  everyone  will  be  able  to  find  exactly 
the  very  thing  he  needs,  but  he  will  be  able  to  learn  what  at  least  are  his  requirements,  and  gather  ideas  so  as  to- 
be  able  to  meet  them,  and  he  can  procure  from  us  at  reasonable  rates  working  plans  and  specifications  with  any 
changes  desired  for  any  plan  shown  in  this  work,  or  for  that  matter  in  any  book,  periodical  or  journal  ever  pub- 
lished. Very  respectfully, 


PALLISER,  PALLISER  & CO. 


y ' t 


4 


PLATE  i 

Represents  the  title-page  of  this  work,  which  has  been  deemed  best  to  be  made  a useful  plate,  by  showing 
the  perspective  views  of  Designs  i,  2,  3,  and  23,  these  designs  being  without  views  on  the  plates  where  they 
are  illustrated. 

The  large  perspective  view  is  of  a neat  cottage  erected  at  Seaside  Park,  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  one  of  the 
most  charming  places  in  New  England.  The  first  story  is  built  of  fine  Trenton  pressed  brick,  trimmed  with 
buff  and  chocolate-colored  brick  and  Longmeadow  brown  stone,  the  second  story  being  of  timber  construc- 
tion ; roofs  covered  with  black  slate,  ridges  of  terra  cotta ; upper  part  of  all  windows  filled  with  stained  glass  ; 
windows  fitted  with  rolling  Venetian  blinds.  The  first  floor  is  finished  in  ash,  with  paneled  ceilings  and  hard- 
wood floor ; second  floor  in  pine,  finished  in  natural  color.  All  rooms  have  open  fire-places,  built  of  buff 
brick  and  furnished  with  hard-wood  mantels. 

First  floor  contains  main  hall,  ten  feet  wide,  having  tiled  floor  and  with  large  open  fire-place  in  same,  and 
is  connected  with  parlor  by  sliding  doors,  so  that  on  special  occasions  they  can  be  thrown  together.  The 
dining-room  and  library  are  connected  in  like  manner,  and  have  a handsome  conservatory  with  tiled  floor  ad- 
joining on  south  side.  A toilet-room  is  placed  in  rear  of  main  hall,  which  is  convenient  to  the  stairs  and 
back  hall.  The  kitchen  is  in  rear  wing,  and  communicates  with  dining-room  through  waiter’s  pantry.  Store 
pantry  and  ice-closet  are  on  the  north  side,  the  ice  being  put  into  ice-tank  from  outside,  through  a door  pro- 
vided for  that  purpose.  Back  hall  contains  back  stairs,  also  communicates  with  cellar,  kitchen  and  main  hall. 

Second  floor — Five  chambers,  three  dressing  rooms,  bath-room,  cedar  and  linen  closets.  A fine  room  on 
third  floor  is  provided  for  servant  and  there  is  also  a large  attic  for  storage. 

The  room  in  tower  is  10x12  feet  in  size,  with  large  open  fire-place;  is  designed  for  use,  and  commands 
an  excellent  view  of  Long  Island  Sound  and  the  surrounding  country. 

Laundry  and  drying  room  are  placed  in  basement  under  kitchen. 

This  cottage  is  intended  for  a first-class  residence,  is  furnished  with  all  modern  improvements  and  con- 
veniences, and  heated  by  indirect  heat. 

This  handsome  and  popular  residence  has  been  adopted  and  erected  with  modifications  by  many  people 
all  over  the  United  States  and  Canada  at  various  cost,  ranging  from  $4,750  to  $13,000. 


5 


Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palhser  “ »,o.. 


I 


PLATE  2. 


Design  i — Shows  plans  and  elevations  of  a plain  cottage  house  of  eleven  rooms,  suited  to  the  wants  of  a 
family  requiring  a large  amount  of  room  at  a small  expense,  and  was  designed  for  a Western  farm  house. 
Cost,  $1,500. 

Design  2 — Represents  a tasty  cottage,  with  four  rooms  on  first  floor  and  two  rooms  on  second  floor,  and 
contains  all  the  convenience  generally  required  in  a house  of  this  class,  having  good  closets  and  pantry,  with 
cellar  under  the  whole  house,  making  a very  desirable  cottage  residence  for  the  very  small  sum  of  $850.  (See 
specifications  in  latter  part  of  book.) 

Design  3 — Is  a small,  neat  cottage  house,  with  three  rooms  on  first  and  two  on  second  floor,  which 
would  make  a good  house  for  the  southwestern  part  of  the  country  ; estimated  cost  of  which  is  $800. 


HINTS  ON  BUILDING. 

One  of  the  first  and  most  important  things  to  be  settled  in  the 
erection  of  a home  is  a site,  and  it  is  not  at  all  surprising  that  there 
are  so  many  who  never  give  the  matter  of  location  the  first  thought, 
further  than,  is  it  a good  neighborhood  ; are  there  good  neighbors  ; 
and  is  the  price  reasonable.  To  such  we  say  this  is  all  wrong  and 
we  speak  from  actual  experience.  John  Jones,  who  is  a real  estate 
agent,  and  has  the  sale  of  a piece  of  ground  he  wishes  you  to  buy, 
will  not  point  out  to  you  the  defects  in  the  ground  or  anything  that  is 
detrimental  to  the  property,  but  will  fully  explain  its  good  points. 
The  first  thing  to  do  is  to  find  out  what  the  nature  of  the  ground  is, 
as  some  locations  are  resisting — others  soft  and  compressible  to  vari- 
ous degrees  ; is  it  made  ground  ? for  you  must  only  build  on  firm  and 
solid  ground  ; or  is  it  a sand  and  gravel  bottom  ? Take  a spade,  dig 
down  four  or  five  feet  and  see  for  yourself  what  it  is.  If  your  cellar 
bottom  is  placed  in  a layer  of  hard  pan,  as  we  have  frequently  seen 
them,  then  the  treatment  of  drainage  should  be  different,  so  as  to 
keep  it  dry  ; and  while  it  makes  a firm  foundation  for  the  building, 
yet  sand  or  gravel  is  preferable  on  all  accounts,  for  if  the  weight  com- 
presses the  bed  of  sand  and  forces  it  to  settle,  the  settling  is  regular, 
and  hence  free  from  danger. 

The  alluvia  formed  by  sluggish  water  courses  that  naturally  flow 
through  the  interstices  of  a hard  or  clayey  soil  are  very  injurious  to 
the  health  of  the  occupants  of  a house  erected  over  such  ground  ; and 
in  the  erection  of  such  great  care  should  be  exercised  in  the  matter 
of  drainage,  so  as  to  keep  the  cellar  bottom  dry  and  free  from  moist- 
ure ; the  foundation  walls  should  descend  below  the  cellar  bottom  suf- 
ficient to  allow  a drain  to  be  laid  on  and  around  the  outside  of  walls, 
and  the  bottom  part  of  this  drain  should  be  one  foot  below  the  level 
of  cellar  floor  : this  drain  should  entirely  encompass  the  building  at  a 
distance  of  a few  inches  from  walls  and  the  water  as  it  sinks  through 
the  soil  will  be  thus  arrested  in  its  progress  by  the  drain  and  drawn 
off  from  the  building,  leaving  the  entire  ground  under  your  house  free 
from  moisture.  This  drain  will  carry  the  water  where  you  wish,  and 
can  have  branches  connecting  with  roof  leaders  to  carry  off  the  waste 
water  from  the  roof  ; also  the  necessary  branches  can  be  connected 
from  inside,  so  as  to  carry  away  all  surplus  and  waste  water  from  all 
parts  of  the  house. 

We  strongly  advise  this  method  of  draining  all  houses,  no  matter 
what  the  soil  may  be  ; and  even  if  it  costs  a little  more  to  put  in  the 
drains  this  way  it  is  preferable  to  any  other.  The  leader  pipes  from 
the  roofs  form  a series  of  ventilating  shafts  for  the  drains,  a feature 
that  is  desirable  and  necessary,  as  they  will  carry  the  gases  generated 
in  the  sewer  up  above  the  roof  of  the  house  where  it  will  pass  away 
and  do  no  harm  ; care  should  be  taken  not  to  have  any  leader  open- 
ings in  roof  near  to  or  under  upper  story  windows  ; there  should  also 
be  a running  trap  between  the  connection  to  the  house  and  the  sewer 
in  mam  pipe  ; this  should  be  put  as  near  the  house  as  practicable  and 
a leader  branch  or  vent  pipe  connected  as  near  to  it  as  possible — this 
foi  proper  ventilation,  as  the  trap  is  liable  to  syphon  dry  if  not  ven- 
tilated. 

A cellar  bottom  should  be  thoroughly  cemented  tight  with  ce- 
ment concrete,  which  should  be  not  less  than  two  inches  in  depth  to 
obtain  a good  bottom,  and  should  not  be  made  of  nearly  all  sand  or 
gravel — as  some  masons  try  to  do,  presuming  to  save  cement — but 


should  have  a proper  proportion  of  good  cement  thoroughly  mixed  in 
with  it  and  properly  laid. 

When  the  people  who  build  homes  have  had  the  experience  the 
writer  of  this  has,  and  had  to  fight  scarlet  fever  and  diphtheria  and  grim 
death  himself  through  the  want  of  a proper  system  of  sewerage,  then 
they  will  perhaps  begin  to  realize  that  this  is  indeed  one  of  the  first 
and  most  important  things  to  be  taken  up  in  the  planning  and  erection 
of  a home,  and  one  which  will  not  bear  a saving  at  the  spigot  and 
wholesale  waste  at  the  bung  hole. 

What  is  architecture  ? What  is  anything  ? If  we  look  out  of 
our  windows  what  do  we  see  ? perhaps  nothing  but  the  verdant  fields 
covered  with  their  -vegetation  and  dotted  here  and  there  with  green 
trees,  which  at  this  time  form  a pretty  and  attractive  picture  to  look 
upon,  or  we  see  perhaps  a thickly  populated  district  where  little  else 
is  to  be  seen  but  brick  walls,  tin  roofs,  skylights  to  light  down  into 
bodies  of  stores  where  fine  displays  of  fancy  and  useful  goods  of  every 
description  are  seen,  to  meet  the  wants  of  all  classes.  The  green 
verdant  fields  we  see  are  the  natural  results  of  the  seasons,  which  are 
regulated  by  the  hand  of  the  divine  architect,  and  constitute  the  mo- 
tive power  whereby  all  living  creatures  on  land  move  and  have  their 
being  ; the  houses,  walls,  roofs  and  skylights  we  see  are  a necessity 
that  we  must  have  to  shelter  us  from  the  wind  and  rain  and  allow  us 
to  see  and  act  in  places  where  but  for  them  it  would  be  cold  and 
dark  ; and  as  we  look  out  and  see  these  things,  and  reason,  we  find 
that  these  forms  are  an  expression  of  our  wants  and  thus  have  good 
reason  for  existence. 

As  the  ancients  found  at  the  commencement  of  the  world  that 
it  was  necessary  to  protect  themselves  from  the  wind  and  the  rain  and 
cold,  they  undoubtedly  went  to  work  with  such  materials  as  they  had 
at  hand  and  erected  for  themselves  huts  or  tents,  made  probably  with 
sticks  or  leaves,  or  perhaps  mud,  and  as  they  progressed  in  civiliza- 
tion they  thus  were  educating  themselves  to  better  supply  their  wants, 
and  as  one  improvement  was  made  it  suggested  another ; and  so  on, 
ad  infinitum,  until  we  have  now  reached  an  era  of  civilization  that  one 
hundred  years  ago  was  never  dreamt  of,  nor  would  have  been  credit- 
ed. As  the  erection  of  the  humble  abodes  in  ancient  times  was  a di- 
rect result  of  necessity,  so  it  is  now  ; and  as  the  times  have  so  changed 
and  men’s  ideas  with  them,  we  have  architecture  on  an  improved  scale. 
If  anyone  doubts  this  we  advise  him  to  betake  himself  to  the  woods, 
and  look  about  and  see  what  he  can  do  with  regard  to  housing  himself 
with  the  means  and  materials  found  there,  and  no  doubt  in  nine  cases 
out  of  ten  he  would  not  do  much  better  than  the  ancients  did  ; and  as 
it  is  a necessity  that  we  should  be  housed  and  protected  from  the  in- 
clemency of  the  weather,  it  is  through  this  necessity  that  we  learn  to 
reason  and  to  apply  our  reasoning  powers  to  each  special  case,  for 
what  answers  one  case  will  not  do  for  another.  There  is  no  method, 
no  recipe,  no  procedure  that  can  be  applied,  for  we  must  observe  cir- 
cumstances, facts,  habits,  climate  and  hygeian  conditions  as  well  as 
the  individual  wants  of  the  occupants.  And  as  the  materials  and 
means  of  execution  are  every  day  modified  or  changed,  we  must  fol- 
low these  variations,  and  a good  practitioner  in  the  art  must  have  a 
working  power  and  independence  of  character,  a thorough  knowledge 
of  business,  enough  energy  and  tenacity,  and  assert  his  authority — 
saying  I will  only  accept  this  or  that  so  far  as  I find  them  useful,  and 
to  serve  my  purpose  ; he  must  have  character,  and  ascertain  by  his 
reasoning  and  working,  and  not  allow  himself  to  be  seduced  by  at- 
tractive appearances ; must  express  his  thoughts  clearly  and  reflect 


Designs  i,  2 and  3. 


Plate  2,  i 

— — — — — i- 


Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


8 


PLATE  3. 

Design  4 — Illustrates  a one-story  cottage,  having  four  rooms  on  first  floor  and  room  for  two  bedrooms 
in  attic,  which,  for  convenience  and  economy,  speaks  plainly  for  itself,  and  when  executed  makes  a home 
which  no  one  need  be  ashamed  of ; it  is  equally  adapted  to  city  or  country  and  can  be  erected  in  a neat  and 
substantial  manner  for  $700.  * 

Design  5 — Six-room  cottage,  suitable  for  erection  on  a small  city  lot.  Cost,  $900. 

Design  6 — Is  a small  cottage  of  two  rooms  on  first  floor,  with  good  pantry  and  closet ; stairs  to  loft  over 
and  cellar  under.  Cost,  $325. 


before  speaking,  and  if  nature  has  endowed  him  with  genius,  such 
will  be — if  his  reasoning  powers  are  properly  applied — a splendid 
compliment  to  his  faculties.  But  without  reasoning,  genius  would 
only  serve  as  a stumbling  block  and  had  better  lay  dormant. 

What  has  been  done  before  our  time  must  not  be  ignored,  as  it 
is  a good  acquired,  a common  storehouse  filled  with  the  reasonings 
and  works  of  our  predecessors,  and  which  has  been  handed  down  to 
our  own  time  for  us  to  start  from.  Architecture  is  an  art,  and  the  true 
architect  should  so  wield  this  art  that  it  be  but  the  faithful  expression 
of  the  times  as  we  see  them,  that  the  building  may  be  in  truth  the  en- 
velope of  that  which  it  contains.  To  be  a good  architect  is  to  be  a 
good  reasoner,  and  to  reason  well  is  to  work  well,  for  the  one  is  sub- 
servient to  the  other.  All  the  essential  conditions  must  be  thoroughly 
reflected  on — the  client’s  needs  fully  known.  Then  the  result  can  be 
placed  on  paper,  for  nothing  must  be  left  to  chance  ; every  function 
must  know  and  fill  its  place,  and  every  particle  in  value  must  be  in 
relation  to  the  whole,  so  as  to  render  them  intelligible  to  those  who 
execute  them.  This  is  what  is  commonly  meant  by  Architecture. 

The  simplest  way  to  study  architecture  is  by  practising  it,  and 
though  many  are  taught  to  conceive  and  plan  buildings  that  cannot 
be  constructed,  only  on  paper,  under  the  shallow  pretext  of  preserving 
high  art,  they  soon  tire  of  putting  these  conceptions  on  paper,  when 
they  see  the  success  that  attends  the  working  and  practical  architect, 
whose  buildings  are  daily  growing  more  and  more  beautiful  the  more 
difficulties  he  has  to  encounter.  Construction  outside  of  a certain 
scientific  and  practical  knowledge  can  only  be  studied  by  experience, 
a habit  of  reasoning  and  obedience  to  the  rules  of  good  sense,  and  he 
who  disdains  this  natural  faculty  under  the  pretence  that  it  hampers 
inspiration,  will  always  see  his  conceptions  applied  to  paper  where 
they  hurt  nobody  ; for  to  carry  out  such  whims  costs  dear,  and  as 
practical  men  always  exercise  their  reasoning  powers  and  good  sense 
in  erecting  a home,  they  then  have  a right  to  consider  it  inopportune 
and  stop  before  they  begin. 

There  are  a great  number  of  people  who,  intending  to  build  for 
themselves  homes,  have  an  idea  that  only  symmetrical  houses  look 
well.  This  class  of  people  are  to  be  met  with  almost  every  day  in 
the  week  in  the  experience  of  an  architect  who  is  consulted  by  a large 
number  of  clients,  and  we  have  frequently  been  very  much  tried  in 
our  patience  and  labors  in  preparing  plans  to  suit  the  wants  of  such 
people,  therefore  we  now  propose  to  have  a few  words  to  say  to  this 
class  of  clients. 

A close  observer  in  traveling  through  the  country  towns  and  vil- 
lages in  almost  every  portion  of  our  country,  cannot  fail  to  notice  the 
sameness  and  monotony  of  most  country  residences,  which  are  nearly 
all  built  after  one  order,  and  very  frequently  a large  number  in  each 
village  all  just  alike,  presenting  symmetrical  aspects.  There  is  the 
country  house  of,  say,  from  36  to  40  feet  front ; the  front  door  in  the 
center,  two  windows  on  each  side,  two  story  high,  and  roof  about  1-3 
pitch,  with  that  same  old  box  cornice — we  presume  they  copied  from 
what  Noah  had  on  the  Ark.  This  matter  of  symmetry  is  a very  grave 
question,  and  one  which  may  work  well  enough  on  large  public  build- 
ings but  should  have  nothing  to  do  with  the  design  and  arrangement 
of  private  dwellings.  Fancy  your  building  a house  with  the  sitting 
and  dining  room  on  the  south  side,  to  which  you  want  bay  windows  ; 
and  as  the  kitchen  comes  on  the  north  side,  as  it  is  necessary  to  have 
a symmetrical  house,  it  must  have  a bay  window  there  also,  or  else 
dispense  with  the  bay  on  south  side.  There  are  undoubtedly  a great 


many  people  who  are  willing  to  satisfy  their  vain  pleasure  of  display- 
ing outside,  regular  and  monumental  exteriors,  by  sacrificing  the  every- 
day conveniences  which  are  so  essential  to  the  comforts  of  a home. ' 

Symmetry  applied  to  private  architecture  is  an  invention  that  has 
had  its  day  and  is  completely  run  out,  except  in  rare  cases,  where  old 
fogyism  holds  the  sway  and  rules  supreme.  The  most  convenient 
homes  are  those  which  are  planned  with  a special  reference  to  satisfy 
the  needs  of  its  occupants  and  so  as  to  avoid  all  useless  expenditures 
— and  we  might  add  these  are  the  most  pleasing  in  point  of  aspect, 
for  the  simple  reason  that  they  clearly  show  the  purposes  for  which 
they  are  built. 

The  ancients  never  troubled  themselves  about  symmetry  in  their 
residences  ; the  houses  at  Pompeii  are  not  built  with  any  regard  to  it, 
and  the  villa  or  country  house,  of  which  Pliny  has  left  us  a full  de- 
scription, does  not  give  us  any  appearance  of  symmetry. 

In  designing  homes  we  must  follow  the  laws  of  common  sense, 
and  not  sacrifice  interior  comfort  for  the  satisfaction  of  displaying  an 
outside  show  which  is  offensive  to  the  cultivated  eye.  But  let  us  have 
homes  wherein  nothing  whatever  is  conceded  to  a false  luxury,  and 
where  harmony  says  that  though  here  is  a small  and  there  a large 
opening  to  suit  the  interior  requirements,  they  are  so  grouped  and 
blended  together  that  they  produce  a pleasing  and  picturesque  exte- 
rior and  which,  when  finished,  will  cost  us  no  more,  as  we  shall  have 
nothing  concealed,  nothing  artificial,  nothing  useless  ; all  the  details 
throughout,  though  modest,  being  direct  results  and  a necessity  of 
the  structure  and  requisite  to  suit  the  needs  of  the  occupants,  so  that 
the  structure  when  built  will  always  permit  you  to  see  its  organs  and 
how  these  organs  work.  This  sort  of  construction  is  the  only  satis- 
factory one  to  people  of  sense  and  taste,  there  being  a good  reason 
for  it. 

In  building,  every  detail  is  worthy  of  close  attention  and  everything 
should  be  taken  into  account.  In  all  things  the  way  to  avoid  an  evil 
is  to  analyze  and  search  for  its  cause  and  to  determine  its  effects, 
for  we  can  only  appreciate  what  is  good  by  a knowledge  of  what  is 
bad  ; so  much  so  that  in  the  absence  of  the  bad  we  cannot  admit  that 
the  good  exists.  And  it  requires  a large  experience  to  know  what 
must  be  avoided  in  building,  while  if  you  are  born  an  architect  you 
will  readily  discover  in  what  the  good  and  beautiful  exists  ; and  if 
not,  all  the  examples  that  the  world  contains  will  not  give  you  talent. 
A sight  of  the  finest  achievements  of  the  art  may  pervert  the  minds 
of  some,  if  when  they  see  them  no  one  is  there  to  explain  how  the 
authors  succeeded  in  making  them  beautiful,  because  they  avoided 
falling  into  such  and  such  faults. 

An  exact  mind  and  experience  is  only  acquired  by  long  and 
tedious  study,  and  the  observation  and  experience  aid  us  to  recognize 
what  is  bad  and  avoid  it  ; besides  what  is  good  in  one  place  is  bad  in 
another,  by  reason  of  climate,  habits,  and  the  quality  of  the  ma- 
terials and  their  adaptability  to  this  or  that  local  circumstance.  You 
cannot  establish  absolute  rules  in  building,  since  experience,  reason- 
ing and  reflection  must  always  intervene  when  building  is  undertaken  ; 
all  the  special  circumstances  which  come  up  in  an  architect’s  career 
have  to  be  dealt  with  and  worked  out  in  a certain  method  to  solve 
the  problem,  and  it  requires  no  small  amount  of  intelligence  and  ob- 
servation to  work  out  these  cases  in  a manner  that  no  given  rule  ever 
yet  invented  could  foresee. 

There  is  in  every  community  a class  of  persons  who  sow  broad- 
cast their  advice  to  any  and  every  one  with  whom  they  come  in  con- 


Designs  4,  5 and  6 


9 


Plate  3 


Copyright,  18S8,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


PLATE  4. 


Design  7 — Shows  plans  and  elevations  of  a two-story  cottage  house,  so  arranged  as  to  accommodate 
either  one  or  two  families.  Cost,  $1,000. 

Design  8 — Illustrates  a neat  six-room  cottage,  giving  two  sets  of  floor  plans  for  same  elevations,  the 
changes  in  plans  being  brought  about  by  a change  in  the  location  of  stairs.  Cost,  $875. 


tact  who  may  be  interested  in  the  erection  of  buildings — men  who 
have  read  and  traveled  and  who  know  a little  of  everything,  and 
whose  opinions  are  greatly  respected  in  their  neighborhoods.  These 
men  always  pretend  to  give  a simple  solution  to  everything,  whether 
politics,  science,  commerce  or  even  the  arts  ; they  have  themselves 
built  houses,  and  were  their  own  architect,  making  their  own  plans 
and  contracts,  treating  directly  with  suppliers  and  supervising  the 
works — men  who  are  by  themselves  regarded  as  infallible  judges  on 
every  subject  that  comes  up  ; they  are  honest,  polite,  and  sometimes 
even  generous  to  those  who  may,  through  interest  or  conviction, 
flatter  their  eccentricities.  Such  are  some  whose  experience  has  cost 
them  dear,  and  having  had  such  misadventures  are  ever  ready  to  try 
help  snatch  one — a brand  from  the  burning  as  it  were — and  who  are 
ever  ready  with  “Will  you  permit  me  a few  remarks;’’  and  they 
proceed  after  this  wise  : “ Now  really  this  all  looks  very  nice  on 

paper,  and  seems  to  be  excellent ; still  as  I have  seen  and  compared 
a good  deal,  I tell  you  frankly  I don’t  think  that  this  is  really  just  the 
thing  for  you  ; excuse  me,  but  do  you  see  the  size  of  this  room  ? 
why,  it  don’t  come  in  to  suit  carpets  ; now  when  I have  built  a house, 
I have  always  made  it  so  as  to  fit  carpets,  and  I should  strongly  ad- 
vise the  making  of  this  room  eight  inches  wider,  so  as  to  accommo- 
date five  breadths  of  carpet.  Now  this  I think  is  an  indispensable 
feature,  as  it  never  seemed  to  me  right  to  turn  the  carpet  under  ; ” 
still,  when  you  inform  him  that  the  floor  in  question  is  to  be  of  hard- 
wood with  a border  of  darker  wood  around  it,  he  is  never  taken  back 
but  still  insists  that  the  change  should  be  made,  as  it  may  be  car- 
peted some  time.  “ Yes,  there  are  some  very  good  ideas  in  the  plan, 
but  I think  if  I were  you  I would  throw  those  two  small  rooms  into 
one  and  have  one  large  room.  I have  seen  houses  something  like 
this  arranged  that  way  ; then  1 think  instead  of  passing  through  this 
closet  from  dining-room  to  kitchen,  a direct  communication  would 
be  better,  as  you  would  not  have  but  one  door  to  pass  through  — 
he  never  thinks  why  there  are  two  doors — “ my  house  is  that  way  and 
it  is  very  handy  ” — perhaps  so  ! “ then  I cannot  say  that  I like  this 
large  roof — it  seems  to  me  there  is  too  much  of  it  ; now  I would  stop 
this  part  and  flatten  this  porch-roof  instead  of  running  the  main  roof 
right  down,  as  it  would  not  look  so  long  ; it  is  well  enough  for  Eng- 
lish houses,  but  it  never  seemed  to  me  right  to  have  it  so  here — and 
besides,  you  seldom  see  such  roofs  here.”  These  men  don’t  know 
why  such  a roof  is  better  for  this  climate  than  for  England,  nor  does  he 
see  why  you  should  be  so  foolish  as  to  go  and  erect  anything  that  is 
in  accordance  with  what  he  does  or  has  done  ; you  must  share  his 
opinion  or  you  do  not  know  anything. 

You  may  be  very  inexperienced  yourself  in  building,  but  if  so 
your  architect  should  know  enough  for  both  himself  and  you,  and 
while  your  busy  neighbor  may  ply  you  with  his  wholesale  advice,  you 
need  not  sacrifice  yourself  to  any  whims  or  suggestions  he  may  make. 
Never  mind  how  much  he  don’t  like  your  large  roof,  your  gables, 
or  your  internal  arrangements,  if  they  are  what  you  want  ; go  straight 
ahead  in  the  path  you  have  marked  out  and  let  your  advisers  go  their 
way  ; if  they  want  their  ideas  carried  out  let  them  do  it  themselves  at 
their  own  cost — let  them  produce  their  own  works  of  vanity  erected 
for  vanity’s  ^ake,  or  for  desires  of  their  own  misapplied  talents,  reap- 
ing the  reward  of  their  folly,  which  will  only  be  admired  by  them- 
selves for  their  own  lives  and  then  abandoned. 

Our  experience  has  been  very  large  with  this  class  of  advisers  ; 
we  have  stumbled  across  them  in  our  professional  path  so  frequently 
that  we  now  have  a formula  ready  to  salute  them  with,  and  while  we 


firmly  believe  that  we  shall  never  agree  with  such,  we  presume  they 
have  a reason  of  existence  and  a right  to  be  heard,  and  if  they  would 
always  let  those  who  know  more  than  themselves  hear  them,  wre 
should  have  no  fault  to  find. 

We  feel  it  would  be  no  trouble  for  us  to  fill  a volume  of  200 
pages  with  advice  given  to  our  clients  and  criticism  of  the  uninformed. 
Only  a week  or  two  ago  one  of  our  clients,  1,500  miles  away,  wrote 
us  that  he  was  not  aware  how  many  disinterested  friends  he  possessed 
until  he  commenced  building  ; almost  every  one  he  met  had  something 
to  say  about  what  he  was  erecting — people  seemed  to  think  he  was 
spending  his  money  to  suit  them  instead  of  himself.  When  we  for- 
warded him  the  drawings,  etc.,  we  put  him  on  guard  against  his 
friend’s  advice,  and  told  him  to  go  by  the  drawings  and  specifica- 
tions and  not  to  deviate  from  them,  no  matter  what  advice  he  got, 
and  if  he  wished  any  information  to  communicate  with  us.  He  has 
done  this,  and  says  he  threw  overboard  seven  tons  of  everybody’s  ad- 
vice and  took  only  ours  in  the  erection  of  his  home  ; if  he  had  taken 
most  of  his  friend’s  advice  he  would  have  built  the  usual  large  dry 
goods  box  with  a flat  roof  ; but  the  result  is  very  different,  and  as 
the  press  in  speaking  of  it  says  : “It  is  a pretty  residence,  and  Mr. 

and  Mrs. may  well  feel  proud  of  their  new  and  comfortable 

home.” 

Let  your  architect  do  the  thinking  for  you  which  you  pay  him 
for,  and  you  will  save  time,  trouble — and  most  of  all,  expense. 

“ Gentlemen  : 

“ I have  been  advised  by  some  of  my  neighbors  to  dispense 
with  the  stone  foundation  for  my  house,  and  to  cement  the  sides  of 
the  ground  to  form  walls,  starting  the  brick  underpinning  upon  the 
ground.  What  would  you  advise  me  to  do  about  it  ? 

“ Yours,  etc.,  W.  J.  ” 

The  above  letter  was  received  from  a gentleman  we  had  furnish- 
ed with  plans  for  a Cottage  Home,  and  as  we  had  given  him  full 
plans,  working  drawings  and  specifications  for  construction,  we  could 
not  understand  what  he  was  driving  at,  and  we  had  to  think  twice 
before  attempting  to  answer  it.  In  the  first  place  we  came  to  the 
conclusion,  here  is  a gentleman  who  is  troubled  with  the  advice  of  his 
neighbors,  which  he  probably  thinks  considerable  of,  who  no  doubt 
flocked  around  him  like  so  many  moths  around  a light,  and  he  has  no 
decided  mind  of  his  own,  or  else  he  would  consult  his  drawings  and 
specifications  and  be  governed  accordingly.  We  answered  in  this  wise: 

“ Dear  Sir  : 

“Yours  of  the  2d  inst.  is  at  hand  and  contents  noted.  In 
reply  would  say  we  never  yet  in  all  our  experience  heard  of  such  a 
mode  of  construction  as  referred  to  in  your  letter,  and  should  cer- 
tainly infer  that  your  neighbors  are  strange  people  to  advise  you  to 
do  any  such  thing  and  we  should  think  very  ignorant  in  these  mat- 
ters and  incapable  of  giving  advice.  We  will  suppose  that  you  con- 
struct your  wall  in  this  way  and  watch  the  result  say  for  one  year. 
It  is  now  an  excellent  time  to  build,  the  weather  is  fine  and  building 
operations  can  be  pushed  to  good  advantage  You  get  your  cellar 
dug,  but  do  not  dig  close  up  to  the  walls,  to  avoid  the  dirt  falling  in, 
and  probably  slope  them  to  counteract  this  trouble.  You  level  the 
top  all  around,  so  as  to  start  your  underpinning  and  run  up  the  brick 
work  from  the  ground  line  the  proper  height  to  receive  the  frame 
above.  Well,  this  all  looks  very  nice,  everything  going  along  pleas- 
antly ; the  frame  is  raised  and  sheathed  and  enclosed  in  good  time, 
the  floors  are  laid,  partitions  set,  the  walls  plastered,  and  you  pro- 


* 


■ Mfcl  mil 


Designs  7 and  8 


Plate  4.  1 


— 51  DC  lOt'l- 


fO  £ O 

sc  a E h-H+km  I- 


>0 


30 


°r  fE£j 


- cLcx/aTIO^J- 


Copynght,  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


1 


PLATE  5. 


Design  9 — Illustrates  a two-story  and  attic  cottage  the  floor  plans  of  which  explain  -themselves.  The 
exterior  is  very  plain  yet  neat  in  design.  The  mantel  is  designed  to  be  of  wood  and  the  cut  work  picked  out 
incolor.  Cost,  $1,400. 

Design  10 — Is  a good  study  for  a four-room  cottage,  suited  to  the  requirements  of  a small  family,  and 
was  designed  for  a farm  laborer’s  cottage.  Cost  $600. 


ceed  to  finish  up  the  inside  work  ; all  still  going  along  nicely,  noth- 
ing to  be  seen  amiss  with  the  foundation  walls,  they  are  as  firm  as  a 
rock,  no  cracks,  in  the  underpinning  visible,  and  you  begin  to  pre- 
pare for  and  do  the  cementing  in  the  cellar,  all  the  time  congratulat- 
ing yourself  what  a sensible  man  you  are  to  take  your  friends’  advice 
and  save  all  that  stone  work,  though  it  does  take  considerable  ce- 
ment to  cement  the  sides  ; why,  how  nice  it  looks!  Certainly  you 
have  a far  more  solid  appearing  wall  than  rough  stone  would  make, 
besides  it  is  pleasanter  to  the  eye.  You  get  your  house  finished, 
painting  done,  and  now  you  are  moving  in,  putting  down  carpets  and 
getting  everything  set  to  rights  generally.  All  this  time  you  have 
been  busy  as  could  be,  and  had  no  time  to  think  further  about  your 

cellar  walls  ; however,  Mrs.  calls  your  attention  to  the  door 

opening  into  the  parlor  ; it  don’t  shut  and  catch  properly — would 
you  just  fix  it  ; and  upon  examination  you  find  it  strikes  the  top 
corner  of  the  casing.  You  think  this  strange  ; why,  it  was  all  right 
a day  or  two  ago  ; and  while  you  are  casting  your  eyes  up  to  examine 
the  door  you  notice  a crack  in  the  angle  of  the  wall  and  ceiling  on 
both  sides  of  the  partition  in  the  hall  and  parlor,  which  you  think 
to  yourself  is  only  the  natural  result  of  slight  shrinkage  of  timber, 
and  something  that  always  happens  to  a new  house  ; you  get  your 
carpenter  to  plane  off  the  top  corner  of  the  door,  the  painter  to  touch 
it  up,  and  all  is  straight  again — no,  not  exactly.  There  is  trouble 
with  the  windows  in  the  rear  angle  of  the  dining  room— they  don’t 
seem  to  fit  as  they  did  when  you  first  moved  in  ; the  sash  locks  bind 
and  you  cannot  lock  them.  You  begin  to  think  the  carpenter  was 
not  as  particular  about  the  fitting  of  the  windows  as  he  should  have 
been.  Of  course  this  must  be  fixed,  the  windows  must  be  locked  ; 
and  in  the  meantime  you  insert  a stick  from  top  of  meeting  rail  of 
lower  sash  to  lower  edge  of  top  rail  on  upper  sash,  as  you  have  seen 
the  carpenter  fasten  the  windows  before  the  locks  were  in  place. 
Well,  you  wait  a day  or  two  and  see  your  carpenter,  he  calls  and 
looks  at  your  windows,  sees  what  is  the  matter  and  wonders  how  that 
came  to  fit  so  badly,  as  he  fitted  those  very  sash  himself  and  knows 
full  well  he  did  not  leave  them  in  any  such  state  as  he  now.  finds 
them  ; he  takes  out  the  sash,  planes  off  the  corners  where  they  bind, 
and  makes  them  lock,  although  he  cannot  make  the  lock  rails  come 
together  level  as  they  ought  to,  yet  they  work  all  right,  so  that  will 

do  ; but  stop  ! Mrs. says  will  he  just  fix  the  pantry  door — it 

touches  on  the  bottom  and  shuts  hard  ; he  lifts  it  off  its  hinges,  eases  it 
and  replaces  it.  What  he  took  off  the  bottom  corner  is  wanting  now  on 
the  top.  Nothing  like  plenty  of  play  you  think— better  have  them 
small  enough  than  be  all  the  time  troubled  this  way.  Well,  you  think 
that  now  as  you  have  the  carpenter  here  you  had  better  look  over  all 
doors,  etc.,  and  have  a general  fixing  up  ; you  go  all  over  the  first 
floor  and  fix  a catch  here  and  a bolt  there,  and  then  pass  up  stairs  to 
find  the  two  windows  in  the  rear  gable  over  dining  room  don’t  work 
as  well  as  they  might  ; you  fix  them.  This  closet  door,  which  is  just 
over  pantry  door,  seems  to  bind  a little,  and  the  door  into  front 
chamber  binds  on  the  bottom.  This  door  is  over  the  parlor  door, 
and  as  it  is  hinged  on  contrary  side  to  parlor  door,  it  binds  on  bot- 
tom in  place  of  the  top.  You  get  everything  put  in  working  order, 
touch  up  your  painting,  and  find  you  have  considerable  cracks  in  the 


wall  ; you  get  a mason  and  have  them  all  fixed,  and  now  you  think 
you  can  be  at  peace  and  have  no  more  trouble  ; you  have  often  heard 
it  said  that  the  lumber  will  shrink  and  cause  walls  to  crack,  doors  to 
sag  and  things  to  settle  generally,  and  suppose  your  house  is  no 
worse  than  any  other  in  this  respect. 

“ You  commenced  building  in  spring  ; the  summer  is  passed  and 
the  leaves  fallen  from  the  trees — you  have  everything  as  you  think 
made  snug  for  winter  ; you  start  up  your  fires,  and  all  goes  as  merry 
as  a marriage  bell  until  Christmas  morning,  when  you  come  down 
stairs  and  find  you  have  three  doors  in  your  house  that  won’t  open. 
They  seem  to  be  loose  enough  on  one  end,  but  really  it  looks  as  if 
they  were  grown  in  on  the  other  end.  Finally  you  succeed  in  pry- 
ing them  open,  only  to  find  they  cannot  be  shut  again,  and  upon 
opening  the  window  of  your  parlor  you  find  the  sash  lock  very  hard 
to  turn,  and  when  it  has  been  opened  you  cannot  lock  it  again.  It 
is  impossible  for  you  to  understand  what  all  this  means,  and  it  is  such 
a bitter  cold  morning  you  cannot  bother  about  it.  Upon  passing 
out  of  your  front  door  you  find  that  also  troubled  in  the  same  way 
and  don’t  operate  properly  ; the  key  turns  hard  in  the  lock,  and 
when  turned  you  cannot  relock  the  door.  You  don’t  know  what  has 
got  into  your  doors  and  windows,  and  with  the  thermometer  at  zero 
you  don’t  feel  like  investigating  the  matter.  Then  what  is  it?  Why, 
dear  sir,  it  is  Jack.  Don’t  you  know  him  ? Jack  Frost  ; he  has 
been  in  an  elevating  mood  the  last  night  or  two,  having  now  pene- 
trated some  fifteen  inches  into  the  ground,  and  as  he  burrows  into 
the  ground  he  expands,  and  as  there  is  only  one  way  for  him  to  grow, 
and  that  upwards,  why  up  he  comes,  and  up  your  house  comes  with 
him  ; and  as  the  verandas  keep  off  a good  deal  of  frost  from  walls, 
where  they  are  so  covered  up,  there  Jack  has  not  gone  as  deep  ; con- 
sequently one  part  of  your  house  is  raised  somewhat  higher  than  the 
others — hence  the  confusion  among  doors  and  windows.  Things  go 
on  rising  and  falling,  the  doors  shut  and  then  they  don’t,  and  you 
are  all  the  time  fluctuating  with  the  weather,  now  up  and  then  down. 

“ When  winter  is  over  and  Jack  is  leaving  for  foreign  parts,  you 
are  in  a general  uproar.  The  water  soaks  through  your  beautiful 
and  economical  cellar  wall,  the  cement  flakes  off  in  big  pieces,  bring- 
ing with  it  large  pieces  of  earth,  the  water  is  oozing  and  trickling  into 
your  cellar  and  your  whole  house  is  in  a general  dilapidated  condi- 
tion, roof  leaking  at  chimneys,  and  you  are  entirely  discouraged. 
At  this  time,  one  year  from  commencement  of  building,  what  have 
you  ? a rickety  tumble-down  house,  not  fit  for  man  to  live  in  and  not 
safe.  The  way  to  avoid  this  trouble — the  same  old  story  we  have 
repeated  to  our  clients  hundreds  of  times — is  to  keep  both  ears  open; 
one  to  take  in  the  advice  from  your  neighbors  and  the  other  to  let  it 
out.  Read,  mark,  learn  and  inwardly  digest  the  drawings  and  speci- 
fications we  sent  you.  Go  by  them,  deviating  neither  to  the  right  or 
the  left  and  the  general  result  will  be  as  directly  opposite  from  the 
result  as  here  described  as  it  is  possible  to  be — for  as  a sure  founda- 
tion is  the  keystone  of  success  in  everything,  so  must  every  house 
have  a sure  foundation  under  it,  so  that  all  its  parts  when  built  will 
be  retained  in  their  proper  position,  and  insure  a harmonious  work- 
ing of  the  whole.  Yours  very  truly, 

“ PALLISER,  PALLISER  & CO.” 


■am**  - - 


13 


PLATE  5-  \ 


_L  DESIGNS  9 AND  10, 


T 

I 


Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliser.  PalUser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


PLATE  6. 


Design  i i — Is  a six-room  cottage,  of  a very  plain  and  neat  design.  Cost  $850. 

Design  12 — Shows  a cottage  with  two  rooms  on  first  floor,  with  room  for  two  bed-rooms  on  second  floor, 
and  which  would  make  a neat  house  for  anyone  requiring  the  amount  of  room  and  conveniences  here  illustra- 
ted. The  sink  it  is  designed  to  enclose,  shelves  being  arranged  above  it.  Cost,  $375. 


Employment  of  Architects. 


The  American  public  only  require  to  be  shown  what  well  qualified  architects  really  can 

and  ought  to  do  for  them,  to  appreciate  and  remunerate  them  accordingly. 

Verbum  sap  Sapienti. 

When  any  one  contemplates  building,  no  matter  whether  it  is  a 
building  to  cost  but  $500,  if  he  is  wise  he  will  consult  an  architect 
with  reference  to  its  design,  construction,  etc.,  and  this  is  usually 
done,  except  with  those  who  cannot  be  taught  anything  in  architec- 
ture, or  that  other  class  who  are  ignorant  and  think  they  cannot 
afford  to  pay  an  architect.  If  the  latter  is  really  true  they  certainly 
cannot  afford  to  build. 

Some  people  have  an  idea  that  it  is  useless  to  employ  an  archi- 
tect unless  for  an  important  building  and  that  for  ordinary  dwelling 
houses  a builder  is  all  that  is  necessary  to  carry  out  their  wishes. 
But  it  must  be  remembered  that  a builder  is  not  an  architect  and 
that  he  has  no  convictions  unless  in  regard  to  the  mechanical  mys- 
teries of  his  trade,  where  his  employer  cannot  follow  him  ; and,  not 
finding  them  in  his  way,  is  content  to  leave  them  uncrossed.  The 
employer,  knowing  that  the  mechanic  expects  to  be  directed,  does 
not  hesitate  to  watch  him  and  follow  him  up  with  instructions.  He 
ends  by  securing  at  least  the  particular  things  on  which  his  mind  is 
set  ; and  if  he  fails  of  a good  many  conveniences  and  elegancies 
which  the  skillful  adjustment  of  an  architect  would  give  him,  he  does 
not  know  it  and  so  does  not  miss  them. 

It  is  a well  known  fact  that  when  a builder  has  complete  draw- 
ings to  work  from,  that  he  will  save  a large  amount  of  time  that  he 
would  otherwise  have  to  spend  in  thinking  up  every  detail  of  the 
work  as  it  progresses,  to  say  nothing  of  the  time  the  employer  would 
have  to  spend  with  him.  The  possible  alterations  in  the  work  caused 
by  advice  from  his  friends  or  his  study  by  practice,  is  money  saved, 
by  having  a thoroughly  studied  and  prepared  design  from  which  no 
deviations  are  made  and  which  would  enable  the  builder  to  go  through 
with  the  work  with  the  utmost  dispatch. 

Architects,  like  other  professional  men,  come  in  contact  with  all 
sorts  of  clients.  Perhaps  the  best  are  those  who  have  in  mind  an 
ideal  house,  which  they  wish,  with  the  assistance  of  an  architect, 
to  put  into  a tangible  shape.  One  who  has  given  the  subject  thought 
can  easily  describe  the  arrangement  of  rooms  that  would  best  please 
him,  and  what  adjuncts  seem  to  him  indispensable  ; and  if  he  has  a 
partiality  for  any  particular  style,  the  architect  would  be  glad  to  know 
it.  With  this  information  before  him,  and  knowing  what  the  client 
would  be  willing  to  spend  on  the  house,  the  architect  can  work  under- 
standingly  ; and  you  may  rest  assured  he  will  perpetrate  nothing 
that  will  be  in  violation  of  good  taste.  When  we  say  this  it  is  under- 
stood that  the  architect  is  one  of  ability  and  standing  and  worthy  his 
client’s  confidence. 

Some  people  are  in  the  habit  of  forming  a vague  idea  of  what 
they  want,  founded  merely  on  what  they  have  seen,  with  such  changes, 
omissions  or  additions  as  their  education  and  circumstances  suggest; 
they  give  their  ideas  and  instructions  to  the  architect,  while  at  the 
same  time  they  impress  upon  him  the  necessity  of  adhering  to  a cer- 
tain limit  of  cost,  as  if  it  were  in  his  power  to  give  them  what  accom- 
modation he  pleases  for  their  money,  when  it  can  only  buy  so  much 


material  and  labor  according  to  their  prices,  and  he  can  only  exercise 
his  ingenuity  and  judgment  in  such  a way  as  to  make  the  most  of 
them. 

The  architect  at  the  outset  identifies  himself  with  his  client’s 
interests ; and  they  should  not  lose  sight  of  their  relative  position. 
The  architect  should  be  frank  and  the  client  should  give  the  archi- 
tect his  confidence  the  same  as  he  would  his  physician.  If  the  sum 
the  client  is  willing  to  invest  is  not  sufficient  to  pay  for  the  building 
that  he  requires  and  expects  to  have,  the  architect  should  tell  him  so; 
and  it  is  much  better  for  the  architect’s  interest  as  well  as  the  client’s 
that  the  disappointment  should  be  suffered  because  the  project  must 
be  modified  or  abandoned  than  because  it  has  involved  an  unexpected 
expenditure.  There  should  be  a thoroughly  confidential  relation 
between  an  architect  and  his  client,  a relation  which  is  not  like  an 
ordinary  business  negotiation,  but  is  rather  like  that  of  a legal 
adviser.  It  is  to  the  client’s  advantage  to  use  the  utmost  freedom  of 
consultation,  and  to  take  care  that  his  work  is  not  made  less  satis- 
factory by  hurrying  it,  nor  by  taking  for  granted  things  that  might 
be  explained. 

There  are  many  difficulties  that  might  be  obviated  by  the  archi- 
tect, and  there  are  many  that  require  the  cooperation  of  the  architect 
and  client  to  remove. 

There  are  few  persons  who  do  not  intend  to  build  some  time  in  their 
lives,  and  people  should  always  live  in  a home  of  their  own,  no  mat- 
ter how  humble  that  home  may  be.  Better  only  to  have  two  rooms  to 
live  in  than  be  without  a hearfhstone  of  their  own,  leading  a life 
which  is  destined  to  be  fraught  with  all  that  lacks  an  interest  in  prac- 
tical things,  and  leads  to  a life  which  is  sure  to  warp  and  run  into 
the  quicksands  of  nonchalance  and  a don’t-careism  for  all  occupation 
and  responsibility  of  the  home  pleasures  and  comforts  that  surround 
the  happy  possessors  of  homes. 

The  custom  which  is  becoming  a general  one — for  each  one  who 
contemplates  building  to  mark  out  some  idea  of  the  arrangement  of 
rooms,  etc.,  suited  to  their  wants  is  a good  one,  and  should  be  stud- 
ied more  by  those  about  to  build  than  is  usually  the  case,  and  then 
submitting  your  ideas  to  your  architect  to  be  by  him  worked  up  into ' 
practical  shape.  If  by  making  an  effort  to  express  in  this  way  an 
idea  you  think  good,  or  as  inexperienced  people  often  have  it,  per- 
fect and  cannot  be  bettered,  you  hesitate  to  submit  this  expression 
to  your  architect  because  he  is  better  informed  than  yourself,  in  the 
fear  of  provoking  more  criticism  than  praises,  such  would  not  be  mod- 
esty, but  a sentiment  of  ill  placed  pride  that  frequently  deprives 
you  of  advice  which  could  not  fail  to  be  valuable.  When  one  has 
done  the  best  he  can  he  must  not  shrink  from  criticism,  for  that  is 
the  only  means  of  finding  out  what  is  deficient,  and  consequently  the 
best  way  to  ascertain  what  is  really  wanting  in  the  work.  People 
cannot  begin  too  early  to  discuss  their  plans  and  think  the  matter 
over  before  committing  themselves  to  what  they  may  wish  otherwise 
when  it  is  too  late. 

The  usual  way  of  employing  an  architect  is  to  wait  till  the  last 
moment,  and  then  tell  him  that  the  building  must  be  completed  by 
a certain  short  time.  How  much  wiser  it  would  be  to  commence 
consulting  and  planning  six  months  or  a year  before  building  actu- 
ally begins,  study  drawings  and  designs  ; in  fact,  educate  one’s  self 
to  know  what  one  does  want,  and  as  far  as  possible  what  one  ought  to 
want.  Such  a course  would  often  result  in  discouragement.  But 
even  suppose  that  a man  pays  a considerable  sum  for  advice,  sketches, 


Designs  i i and  i g 


15 


PLATE  6. 


-L-. 


I 


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f 

p;i^3T  fLoo  n 


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— ■5  in  el  fLeiVati  ai4 


Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York, 


PLATE  7. 


Design  13 — Illustrates  a fire-proof  brick  cottage,  proposed  for  erection  in  blocks  of  five  or  six  together. 
Est°mated  cost,  $1,150. 

Design  14 — Represents  a view  in  elevation  of  five  fire-proof  brick  cottages.  Plans  similar  to  design  13. 

Design  15 — Plans  and  front  elevation  of  two-story  five-room  fire-proof  cottage,  for  erection  in  blocks. 
Cost,  $850, 


etc.,  and  spends  some  of  his  time  in  artistic  and  practical  study  and 
discussion.  We  say  suppose  he  does  this,  when,  after  all  said  and 
done,  he  concludes  not  to  build;  has  he  wasted  his  time  and  his 
money?  Not  at  all.  He  has  spent  both  in  gaining  a peace  of  mind 
and  confidence  in  his  convictions  that  are  worth  much  more  in  com- 
parison to  the  dissatisfaction  that  so  often  follows  building,  to  say 
nothing  of  the  increase  of  his  general  information  and  consequent 
enjoyment. 

How  many  men  are  saying  at  this  time:  “If  I build  again,  I 

should  know  better  than  adopt  this  or  that,  or  plan  or  build  in  this 
way!”  There  are  only  two  ways  to  avoid  this  disappointment — - 
either  to  take  the  trouble  to  educate  one’s  self  as  we  have  suggested, 
or,  as  most  Englishmen  do,  to  select  an  architect  on  whose  taste, 
ability  and  character  you  can  rely,  and  let  him  alone.  The  former 
of  these  alternatives  will  not  always  prove  successful,  because  there 
are  those  whose  natural  inclinations  are  not  artistic,  and  again,  those 
whose  natural  inclinations  are  not  practical. 

The  second  alternative  is  undoubtedly  the  one  for  most  persons  to 
pursue,  although  it  may  be,  that,  however  competent  and  tasteful  an 
architect  may  be,  he  still  may  not  produce  a work  that  is  to  your 
taste.  But,  with  few  exceptions,  is  it  not  your  taste  at  fault  ? A 
person  cannot  be  said  to  have  an  opinion  upon  a matter  of  archi- 
tecture, any  more  than  upon  a composition  in  music,  without  more 
or  less  special  study,  according  to  the  bent  of  his  mind  ; because 
architecture,  like  music,  is  an  artificial  art ; not  pretending  to  repre- 
sent any  natural  object. 

In  architecture,  taste  is  governed  by  several  well  defined  excellen- 
cies ; and  a building  in  whole  or  in  part,  is  good  or  bad  as  a matter 
of  fact,  dependent  upon  no  individual  judgment.  In  the  first  place, 
there  is  the  excellence  of  plan  to  meet  certain  requirements,  which  is 
indisputable  ; and  this  is  closely  allied  to  the  aesthetic  ; for  the  best 
plan  is  that  one  which,  while  it  fulfills  the  practical  needs  of  the  pro- 
ject, also  admits  of  an  artistic  treatment,  expressive  of  the  purpose. 
A plan  may  be  admirably  adapted  to  the  purpose  of  a building,  while 
the  building  has  no  other  merit  ; but  this  only  shows  that  another 
disposition  should  have  been  made  of  the  plan,  retaining  its  fitness, 
while  it  should  be  the  most  economical  one  consistent  with  mechani- 
cal and  scientific  principles.  In  regard  to  expression,  there  is  the 
traditional,  the  practical,  and  the  sensual  ; sensual  meaning  the  ex- 
pression due  to  form  and  color,  without  regard  to  the  purpose  of  the 
building. 

Sensual  beauty  in  architecture,  at  all  events,  is  not  a matter  of 
opinion.  There  are  combinations  and  relations  of  form  and  color 
that  are  disagreeable  to  the  eye  for  scientific  reasons,  and  those 
reasons  the  same  for  which  some  combinations  of  musical  notes  are 
painful  to  the  ear  ; and  combinations  of  form  and  color  can  be  re- 
fined to  the  same  extent  that  those  of  musical  tones  can  be.  There 
are  millions  of  people  who  derive  more  enjoyment  from  listening  to 
a hand-organ  playing  a popular  air,  than  ihey  could  possibly  appre- 
ciate from  hearing  Beethoven’s  Seventh  Symphony;  but  do  we  doubt 
for  an  instant  that  tins  preference  is  due  to  a lack  of  education  or  of 
a sense  of  music  ? 

To  judge  of  the  practical  excellence  of  an  architectural  design, 
one  must  unquestionably  know  something  of  materials,  and  their 
uses  and  possibilities,  to  determine  whether  the  result  has  been 
achieved  with  economy  and  in  the  best  manner.  This  excellence, 
then,  must  be  a fact,  and  not  an  opinion. 


Then,  as  to  expression  ; a building,  or  any  part  of  one,  should  sug- 
gest its  uses  as  far  as  possible  ; for  it  would  be  absurd,  manifestly, 
to  be  unable  to  decide,  even  at  the  distance  of  half  a mile,  which  of 
three  buildings  is  a church,  a prison,  or  a dwelling  house  ; and  on  a 
nearer  approach,  the  detail  and  disposition,  external  and  internal, 
should  carry  out  the  first  impression.  These  distinctions,  again,  can 
be  refined  ad  infinitum  ; and  good  taste  should  forbid  an  attempt  to 
deceive,  and  should  avoid  shams  and  impositions  as  an  element  of 
vulgarity. 

There  are  too  many  buildings  assuming  the  air  of  Grecian  or  Ro- 
man temples,  with  the  aid  of  sham  decoration  that  is  as  vulgar  as 
false  jewelry.  Sham  decoration  may  be  made  up  of  expensive  ma- 
terials, and  still  be  sham  as  decoration  ; for  all  decoration  should  be 
functional  sesthetically  ; that  is,  its  use  should  be  to  emphasize  the 
natural  expression  of  the  work.  In  short,  if  a building  is  founded 
upon  the  best  plan  for  its  purpose,  its  exterior  and  interior  follow  as 
a matter  of  course,  either  intimating  the  other  dispositions,  and  ex- 
plaining them  ; the  detail  being  confined  to  the  explanation  of  parts, 
and  being  in  some  instances  phonetic. 

Clients  should  bear  in  mind  that  the  responsibility  of  saying  they 
do  not  like  that  or  this  design  can  only  be  indulged  in  by  those  who 
have  acquired  a knowledge  of  the  art  ; and  these  seldom  express 
themselves  until  they  have  endeavored  to  fathom  the  artist’s  inten- 
tion, knowing  that  a good  work  does  not  show  itself  in  all  its  advan- 
tages at  a glance,  and  that  to  condemn  a work,  without  knowing  why, 
is  to  confess  one’s  self  a child  in  discretion. 

It  is  astonishing  what  ridiculous  suggestions  and  objections 
clients  will  have  when  a design  is  being  prepared  for  them.  For  in- 
stance, a case  we  had  a short  time  ago.  A client  came  to  us  to  pre- 
pare him  a design  to  cost  $2,500  ; the  floor  plans  were  laid  out  and 
made  to  his  satisfaction  ; then  we  made  the  elevations,  but  he  objected 
to  an  open  timber  cornice  on  his  house,  because  he  thought  it  would 
look  like  what  they  always  put  on  barns.  We  talked  with  him  a long 
time,  and  after  seeing  other  and  more  costly  houses  than  his  with  the 
same  finish,  he  concluded  that  we  were  right,  and  that  if  he  had 
known  at  first  what  he  learned  by  a little  study,  he  would  not  have 
been  so  foolish  as  to  make  such  an  objection.  The  party  also  made 
many  other  objections,  in  some  of  which  we  showed  him  he  was 
wrong,  while  in  others  our  arguments  were  useless  and  he  would  have 
his  own  v/ay.  This  is  one  of  the  many  instances  that  has  come 
under  our  notice,  though  they  are  of  rare  occurrence  nowadays. 
Finally,  we  ascertained  where  the  trouble  lay- — it  was  with  an  old  fogy 
of  a carpenter  who  was  to  erect  the  building,  and  from  whom  our 
client  was  receiving  his  education  in  architecture — from  an  ignorant 
village  carpenter,  who  did  not  know  how  the  cornice  or  any  other 
part  of  the  work — as  designed  by  us — was  constructed  until  he  re- 
ceived the  working  details  ; all  he  knew  was  what  he  had  done  before 
over  and  over,  and  he  had  never  studied  anything  outside  of  the 
village  in  which  he  lived,  and  in  which  the  houses  are  made  up  of 
white  boxes  with  green  blinds.  Such  men  as  these  are  stumbling 
blocks  in  the  way  of  architecture  in  the  village  and  country,  and  we 
would  strongly  advise  anyone  who  intends  to  build  to  let  such  men 
severely  alone. 

Had  this  builder  been  any  sort  of  draughtsman,  we  presume  our 
client  would  never  have  come  to  us,  but  would  have  had  his  builder 
scratch  out  his  ideas  on  paper,  or  perhaps  on  a board,  and  then 
commenced  building  without  any  regard  to  taste  or  proportion  or  any- 


■A.....  - . 


17 


Plate  7. 


SJQOf 


oiNjitJq  F^nqivi 


«VtQAL' 


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- ■ 

T~*"r 

\ 

I DESIGNS  13,  14  AND  15. 


cT  L L a q 


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■SEEOtip  >LoOI^— ElLEVVpa 


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■ ' y 


Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


18 

4 

T* ~ ' 

■n 


PLATE  8. 

Design  i 6— Shows  plans  and 
means.  Cost,  $86o. 

Design  17 — Elans  and  perspective  view  of  an  attractive  little  cottage  of  four  rooms,  with  bath-room  and 
conveniences ; laundry  in  cellar.  Is  suitable  for  anyone  having  a small  family.  Cost,  $900. 


elevations  of  a six-room  cottage,  suitable  for  a workingman  of  small 


thing  else  ; that  is  the  manner  in  which  many  of  the  dwellings  are 
erected  throughout  the  country,  and  why  we  see  so  much  bad  archi- 
tecture. Of  course,  in  this  way  people  have  not  to  pay  for  the  ser- 
vices of  an  architect,  and  some  clients  are  apt  to  lose  sight  of  the 
fact  that  a poor  article  can  always  be  had  for  a small  price. 

We  have  known  instances  where  several  builders,  irresponsible 
and  without  credit,  have  been  at  work  preparing  drawings  for  the  same 
person  who  was  thinking  of  building,  with  the  understanding  that 
they  were  not  to  receive  any  remuneration  for  their  drawings,  but 
they  were  simply  doing  this  to  try  and  get  the  work.  This  would  no 
doubt  be  a good  thing  for  the  client,  provided  the  drawings  were  of 
merit,  as  they  would  assist  him  in  some  measure  in  getting  his  ideas 
and  wants  together  ; but  we  warn  the  public  against  such  a proceeding, 
as  no  man  can  work  for  nothing,  and  if  one  of  these  builders  should 
secure  the  work,  depend  on  it  he  will  make  up  for  this  in  a manner 
that  will  not  be  noticed  by  the  owner. 

Care  should  always  be  taken  by  parties  who  have  buildings  to 
erect  to  ascertain  the  standing  and  character  of  the  builder  about  to 
be  engaged  ; it  would  be  well  to  examine  some  of  the  work  he  has 
done,  and  question  the  owners  of  buildings  recently  erected  by  him 
as  to  the  manner  in  which  he  did  his  business  and  work.  When  a 
competition  for  work  is  opened  it  would  be  well  to  allow  only  reliable 
builders — either  of  whom  would  do  the  work  well — to  estimate  on 
the  work,  but  it  is  too  often  the  case  that  the  client  gives  every  ap- 
plicant a chance,  especially  those  who  have  the  reputation  for  turning 
out  work  at  a low  figure.  One  of  these  men,  without  capital  and 
with  little  or  no  credit,  is  sure  to  get  the  job,  and  the  client  sees  only 
the  difference  in  figures.  And  yet  it  is  vain  to  hope  that  a builder  will 
give  his  employers  a dollar’s  worth  for  ninety  cents  ; he  may  contract 
to  do  so,  but  depend  upon  it,  that,  as  the  grocer  who  offers  to  sell 
coffee  ready  ground  for  less  than  he  asks  for  the  green  berry,  will 
supply  us  with  anything  but  Java  or  even  Rio,  so  the  builder  will 
contrive  to  cheat  in  some  way  to  avoid  a loss  he  would  otherwise  sus- 
tain— no  matter  how  much  he  may  be  watched,  frauds  will  be  smug- 
gled in  by  a man  who  is  forced  to  make  himself  whole.  The  mo- 
ment one’s  back  is  turned,  the  foreman — like  master,  like  man — 
puts  in  inferior  stock  where  it  can  be  speedily  covered  up,  and  scanty 
nailing  where  it  cannot  be  detected  till  a future  seasoning  of  the  wood- 
work reveals  the  fraud. 

Take  for  example  the  laying  of  a floor  ; one  may  examine  the 
stock,  and  have  the  good  separated  from  the  bad,  and  when  the  work 
is  done  his  eye  may  not  be  able  to  detect  the  introduction  of  any  of 
the  inferior  quality,  if  the  builder  has  been  smart  enough  to  lay  it 
with  the  sappy  side  down.  It  all  looks  well,  but  how  about  the  nail- 
ing? One  comes  in  from  time  to  time  suddenly  and  unexpectedly  ; 
the  men  keep  on  with  their  work,  and  put  down  the  board  they  have 
just  squeezed  into  its  place,  nailing  it  properly  and  as  it  should  be. 
Another  and  another  board  is  nailed  in  the  same  manner,  but  immedi- 
ately one’s  back  is  turned,  one  nail  is  made  to  do  the  duty  of  four 
or  five.  A client  who  expects  the  architect  to  have  his  design  satis- 
factorily carried  out  by  such  men,  expects  him  to  make  bricks  with- 
out straw. 

We  have  had  a great  amount  of  experience  with  this  class  of 
builders,  who  have  taken  work  for  a less  amount  than  it  was  possible 
to  do  it  at,  and  with  whom  it  was  a terrible  warfare  all  through,  and 
consequently  they  give  architects  a hard  name  because  they  are  com- 


pelled by  the  architect  or  superintendent  to  do  their  work  as  they 
contracted  to  do  it,  and  they  lost  by  it,  to  the  disadvantage  of  lumber 
dealers  and  others  who  furnished  material,  and  to  the  utter  disgust  of 
owner  and  architect.  Such  builders  are  not  likely  to  be  recommended 
to  others. 

We  have  taken  down  rod  after  rod  of  what  appeared  on  the  face 
to  be  a good  foundation  wall,  for  the  reason  that  the  mason  had  only 
used  mortar  on  the  face  of  the  wall  and  had  left  the  rest  dry.  Dis- 
honest at  heart,  and  this  feeling  intensified  by  the  desire  to  get  out  of 
the  job  without  loss,  he  and  his  men  become  lynx-eyed  ; and  the  mo- 
ment they  see  anyone  approaching  who  would  be  likely  to  inspect 
their  work,  they  hurry  on  the  mortar  and  strive  to  cover  up  their 
tracks. 

We  have  no  intention  of  crying  down  the  honest  and  conscien- 
tious builder,  who  will  do  his  very  best  whether  he  is  doing  work  from 
an  architect’s  drawings  or  trying  to  carry  out  his  employer’s  ideas  , 
to  such  we  hold  out  the  right  hand  of  fellowship,  and  say  keep  on  in 
your  path,  do  good  work  and  you  will  always  be  busy.  The  day  is 
not  far  distant  when  responsible  builders  and  good  work  will  be 
employed  more  than  they  have  been  hitherto. 

There  are  a thousand  frauds  that  are  practised  by  dishonest 
builders,  who  resort  to  every  measure  to  enable  them  to  underbid  re- 
liable and  good  men.  It  is  the  old  story  of  trying  to  get  the  maxi- 
mum of  show  for  the  minimum  of  outlay.  Everything  is  cheapened, 
even  the  work  of  building  dams  to  retain  millions  of  gallons  of 
water,  which  we  know  if  let  loose,  by  the  giving  way  of  the  wall, 
would  carry  loss  and  distress  to  hundreds  of  homes.  We  want  to 
know  from  our  own  experience  if  it  be  possible  for  a horse  to  live  on  a 
straw  a day,  and  to  see  if  we  cannot  solve  the  problem  that  would 
make  one  dollar  do  the  work  of  two.  We  say  let  such  builders  alone 
as  you  would  an  architect  who  has  had  no  professional  training,  who 
is  impracticable  and  of  whose  work  you  know  nothing  ; then  you  will 
not  be  heard  to  say,  when  the  work  is  completed,  “ I would  have  given 
two  hundred  dollars  more  to  so  and  so — some  one  they  know  does 
good  work — and  have  him  do  the  work.” 

We  need  not  discuss  the  absurdity  of  an  architect  making  draw- 
ings for  approval  by  individuals,  and  yet  we  know  of  architects  making 
sketches  and  drawings  for  parties  under  the  alternative  sometimes 
offered  by  quacks — no  cure,  no  pay.  This  is  adopted  by  some  archi- 
tects in  their  daily  practice,  to  secure  their  clients  by  a sort  of  trap. 
These  same  architects,  when  they  hear  of  anyone  about  to  build,  will 
flock  around  him  and  offer  to  do  this,  although  they  know  that  an 
architect  has  already  been  employed — while  common  decency  re- 
quires that  they  should  refuse  to  have  anything  to  do  with  work  with 
which  another  architect  is  engaged,  unless  called  in  by  him  for  con- 
sultation— and  they  will  ofttimes  resort  to  the  basest  means  to  try 
and  have  the  client  dismiss  the  architect  whom  he  has  already  con- 
sulted. It  is  needless  to  advise  any  one  what  to  do  with  such  inter- 
lopers, as  any  man  can  at  once  read  their  character.  Fancy  a num- 
ber of  physicians  running  to  a house  where  some  one  is  ill  and  act- 
ing in  this  wise. 

There  are  clients  who  think  they  may  try  on  architects  as  they 
try  on  hats,  not  expecting  to  pay  for  any  but  the  one  they  like  best. 
It  is  unnecessary  for  us  to  waste  time  in  showing  the  unreasonable- 
ness of  this  notion,  and  we  regret  that  it  is  encouraged  by  what  is 
called  the  ragged  fringe  of  the  profession. 


* W 

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i Designs  16  and  17. 


19 


PLATE  8. 


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Copyright,  18S8,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


PLATE  9. 


Design  18 — Illustrates  a very  attractive  cottage  of  six  rooms,  with  bath-roomand  dressing-room  on 
second  floor,  spacious  piazzas  on  front  and  rear,  together  with  all  the  necessary  conveniences  required  for 
comfort  and  economy,  making  this  a very  desirable  house  for  those  requiring  the  comforts  of  a home. 

This  house  should  have  a location  suited  to  the  design,  to  be  in  harmony,  a hillside  or  mountainous 
back-ground  being  the  most  desirable,  and  best  calculated  to  give  the  desired  effect.  Cost,  $1,500. 


It  is  astonishing  to  see  so  many,  who  are  otherwise  intelligent  busi- 
ness men,  offering  their  architects  every  temptation  to  rob  them,  by 
driving  bargains  which  a little  thought  would  convince  anyone  can- 
not afford  a competence. 

In  regard  to  just  remuneration  for  professional  services,  any 
man  of  business  knows  that  to  have  your  business  conscientiously  and 
properly  attended  to,  one  must  engage  persons  who  are  honest  and 
capable,  and  that  such  cannot  be  had  for  nothing.  It  must  be  re- 
membered that  an  architect’s  fees  are  earned  rather  more  by  the  pro- 
tection he  affords  his  client,  than  for  his  design  and  working  draw- 
ings, with  their  accompanying  specifications,  though  this  latter  is  a 
most  important  document,  and  is  too  often  inexpl  cit  and  dangerous- 
ly general  in  its  provisions,  entailing  extras  for  which  there  is  no  ex- 
cuse but  the  ambiguity  of  the  description.  In  fact,  it  requires  a 
thoroughly  competent  architect  to  draw  up  a complete  specification 
— an  exhaustive  description  of  the  work  in  every  particular. 

Some  time  ago  we  were  employed  by  a committee  to  design  a 
church,  and  they  informed  us  that  an  architect  had  offered  his  ser- 
vice for  nothing,  but  even  at  that  they  said  his  services  would  have 
been  dear.  Also  in  the  matter  of  a large  public  building  on  which 
we  were  engaged,  an  architect  offered  his  services  for  i-|  per 
cent  less  than  we  were  paid,  and  no  doubt  there  are  plenty  of  people 
ready  to  take  a position  without  remuneration  beyond  what  they  can 
steal. 

So  little  does  the  public  appreciate  the  difference  in  the  skill  and 
labor  of  one  architect  and  another,  that  they  often  allow  a paltry 
difference  in  charges  of  one-half  per  cent  of  cost — a difference  which 
he  would  think  trivial  in  comparing  the  merits  of  two  existing  build- 
ings if  he  were  purchasing— determine  the  choice  between  architects, 
without  regard  to  the  qualifications  on  which  the  whole  success  or 
failure  of  the  building  will  depend.  It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that 
it  requires  from  seven  to  ten  years  of  study  and  close  application  to 
be  reasonably  admissible  to  practice,  and  for  this  time  and  cost  of 
preparation  the  architect  is  entitled  to  as  fair  a return  as  any  invest- 
ment of  time  and  money  can  be  had. 

If  you  get  cinders  in  your  iron,  it  is  because  there  are  cinders  in 
the  pay  ; there  is  always  good  iron  to  be  had. 

Our  advice  to  everyone  who  contemplates  building  is  : secure 
the  services  of  a really  well-trained  and  capable  architect,  pay  him 
properly  and  be  guided  by  his  judgment  and  experience — this  will 
also  be  the  advice  of  anyone  who  is  experienced  in  such  matters,  and 
others  who  regret  that  they  built  without  such  aid.  Of  course  every 
one  has  their  peculiar  wishes  to  be  provided  for,  and  all  these  should 
be  presented  to  your  architect  before  he  commences  the  design. 
Architects  have  their  own  ideas  as  to  what  form  the  building  ought 
to  take,  and  should  be  allowed  to  use  their  own  cultivated  taste, 
which  it  has  taken  years  of  constant  study  to  acquire,  and  this 
should  not  be  thrown  away  for  any  momentary  caprice,  which  the 
client  would  be  sorry  for  in  the  end. 


An  architect  is  one  who  prepares  the  plans,  conceives  the  designs, 
draws  out  the  specifications  ; in  short  supplies  the  mind  ; the  builder 
is  merely  the  mason  or  carpenter.  The  builder  is,  in  fact,  the 
machine  ; the  architect,  the  power  which  puts  the  machine  together 
and  sets  it  ;n  motion. 


RESPONSIBILITY  OF  ARCHITECTS. 


The  architect  has  far  more  to  do  with  the  health  and  usefulness,  and  long  life  of  the 
family  which  he  shelters,  than  the  physician  can  ever  have,  and  he  is  in  far  greater  degree 
answerable  for  its  ailments  and  its  weaknesses,  and  its  early  deaths. 

Pro  bono  publico. 

It  is  the  legitimate  claim  of  an  architect,  that  his  skill  enables 
him  not  only  to  contribute  his  own  ideas  of  comfort  and  beauty,  but 
to  satisfy  the  special  wants  of  his  client — to  carry  out  his  wishes, 
and  even  whims,  if  need  be,  more  successfully  than  another,  provid- 
ed he  is  made  fully  acquainted  with  these  wants  and  wishes  ; and  the 
architect’s  claim  is  pretty  generally  acknowledged  nowadays  where 
his  profession  is  well  established. 

Who  is  responsible,  for  the  hideous  structures  which  are  daily 
erected  throughout  the  country,  staring  good  taste  out  of  counte- 
nance ? The  architects  are  not  alone  responsible  for  the  crudities 
that  take  shape  under  their  hands.  It  is  the  client  who  is  really  to 
blame,  in  a majority  of  cases,  for  giving  birth  to  these  monstrosities  ; 
but  it  is  the  architect  whose  name  is  associated  with  them  who  has  to 
bear  the  odium. 

Some  one  has  said  that  nearly  every  man  thinks  he  knows  some- 
thing about  both  building  and  finance.  It  is  true,  but  the  views  of 
the  wiseacre  are  not  equally  strong  on  both  subjects ; for,  while  he 
hesitates  to  invest  his  money  without  the  advice  of  those  who  are 
more  experienced  in  such  matters,  he  never  questions  his  ability  either 
to  plan  a house  or  to  criticise  a design.  If  he  has  sickness  in  his 
family,  he  does  not  presume  to  advise  his  physician  as  to  the  proper 
mode  of  treatment  ; nor  would  he  feel  warranted  in  suggesting  to  his 
lawyer  how  to  carry  on  an  important  suit  ; but,  when  it  comes  to 
house  building,  that  is  wholly  a different  thing.  There  he  feels  at 
home,  and  will  have  everything  his  own  way.  In  his  eyes  the  archi- 
tect is  but  little  more  than  one  employed  to  carry  out  his  views,  and 
not  to  thwart  him  with  suggestions  of  his  own. 

How  galling  it  is  to  the  architect  who  is  full  of  enthusiasm  and 
ready  to  give  his  client  his  best,  to  be  called  upon  to  construct  that 
which  will  be  in  violation  of  the  simplest  rules  of  his  profession,  to  be 
asked  to  put  up  and  father  the  crudities  that  even  the  owner  will  be 
ashamed  of  when  they  are  criticised  by  his  better  informed  friends  ! 
Men  who  ask  these  things  are  as  set  in  their  views  as  they  are  igno- 
rant of  the  laws  of  harmony  and  proportion.  You  will  hear  people 
say,  “ when  I build  my  house  I will  have  it  as  I want  it  or  not  at  all.” 
The  client  has  it  as  he  wants  it,  the  architect’s  argument  being  thrown 
away  on  one  who  thinks  he  is  the  better  informed  of  the  two  ; his 
efforts  to  lead  his  client  into  the  right  channels  are  wasted,  and  he 
sees  now  as  he  has  seen  before,  and  will  see  in  the  future,  that  he 
must  do  the  work  as  laid  out  or  throw  up  that  which  will  be  worse 
than  drudgery  to  him,  from  beginning  to  end.  He  would  be  wise  if 
he  were  to  throw  up  his  pencil  rather  than  accept  the  blame  which 
in  a great  part  belongs  to  another. 

When  will  the  world  learn  the  truth  of  the  adage  “ He  who 
would  be  his  own  architect  will  have  a fool  for  a client  ?”  He  who 
would  trammel  his  architect  after  he  has  given  him  his  general  in- 
structions, would  so  dictate  to  him  that  the  work  when  completed 


f Design  18- 


Plate  9,  | 


> f-RQ  N T 'tZ E-VAT  1 O If— 

. ■ 


■ 5.1  .PE.  E.LE-VAT  IDN1  


Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  t ork. 


PLATE  io. 


Design  19 — Shows  plans,  elevations,  and  perspective  view  of  a pair  of  picturesque  cottages,  of  five  rooms 
each.  The  first  story  it  is  designed  to  build  of  brick,  faced  with  pressed  brick,  trimmed  with  molded  buff 
brick,  black  brick,  and  broAvn  stone,  laid  up  in  read  mortar ; the  center  division  wall  is  of  brick,  built  hollow 
so  as  to  prevent  the  transmission  of  sound.  The  second  story  to  be  built  of  wood,  in  the  usual  manner  of 
frame  buildings.  Cost,  $1,400  a side. 


must  of  necessity  be  a hodge-podge,  is  as  unwise  as  he  who  calls  no 
professional  aid.  Nay,  of  the  two  the  latter  does  the  least  mischief  ; 
for  he  only  holds  up  to  the  world  the  evidence  of  his  own  folly,  in- 
stead of  shifting  the  load  to  the  shoulders  of  another. 

We  are  aware  that  a fraction  of  the  public  still  regard  an  archi- 
tect as  a mere  draughtsman — an  artist  perhaps,  but  a sort  of  ne- 
cessary evil  whose  duty  is  to  make  upon  paper  the  picture  of  a build- 
ing. 

What  do  people  realize  of  the  actual  responsibility  which  rests 
upon  their  architect  or  the  extent  to  which  their  lives  are  in  his  hand  ? 
Talk  of  the  responsibility  of  a physician;  that  is  indeed  great.  If 
your  friend  falls  ill  he  calls  upon  his  good  doctor  to  lead  him  back 
to  health  ; and  if  possible  this  is  done  : if  not  one  man  dies.  The 
physician  was  not  responsible  for  the  illness  ; he  did  his  best  to  coun- 
teract it  but  failed,  and  he  is  not  blamed.  But  suppose  your  friend, 
being  in  good  health,  takes  tickets  for  himself,  his  wife  and  children, 
to  the  opening  of  some  new  room,  hall  or  theater,  which  an  architect 
has  built.  He  goes  with  hundreds,  perhaps  thousands,  under  the  ex- 
citement of  the  pleasure  of  an  opening  night.  Does  he,  or  any  of 
that  audience,  realize  for  an  instant  what  they  have  done — that  they 
have  placed  their  lives  in  the  architect’s  hand  and  he  has  accepted  the 
trust  ? We  know  that  if  by  some  error  or  oversight  of  the  architect, 
or  had  he  miscalculated  in  this  or  that  or  the  other  direction,  the 
lives  of  your  friend  and  family,  with  scores  of  others,  are  not  worth 
the  price  of  their  tickets.  But  do  they  know  this  ? Probably  not  ; 
and  it  may  be  a merciful  dispensation  of  Providence  which  blinds 
them  to  the  fact.  But  ignorance  or  parsimony  upon  the  part  of  those 
who  are  responsible  for  the  erection  of  such  buildings,  leading  them 
to  trifle  with  their  safety,  to  employ  incompetent  builders,  or  if  con- 
sulting an  architect  of  ability,  to  restrict  him  or  in  any  way  limit 
him  within  the  proper  scope  of  his  office  is  criminal. 

Many  architects  have  allowed  their  judgment  to  be  overruled  by 
their  client,  for  fear  they  would  lose  their  employment  by  insisting 
upon  what  they  know  to  be  right  as  a matter  of  construction  or  ma- 
terial, and  many  a building  has  settled  or  failed  in  some  particular 
because  the  architect  had  not  the  pluck  to  assert  his  locus  standi, 
while  the  injury  to  his  reputation  is  greater  than  if  he  had  stood  his 
ground,  and  lost  his  client  ; or  still  more,  if  his  client  had  left  him 
and  found  an  architect  less  scrupulous.  In  either  case,  when  the 
failure  finally  occurs,  his  judgment  and  integrity  would  be  apparent, 
and  would  gain  as  much  prestige  for  him  as  his  having  built  the 
building  successfully. 

In  France  an  architect  is  held  responsible  to  the  whole  extent  of 
his  means  for  work  under  him,  and  this  gives  him  an  authority  -which 
his  client  is  bound  to  respect  ; while  it  insures  his  conscientious  ex- 

Iertion.  If  this  were  the  case  in  this  country  there  would  be  less 
building  accidents  reported  through  the  daily  press,  and  the  number 
of  unqualified  persons  advertising  themselves  as  architects  would 
greatly  diminish.  One  should  no  more  employ  an  architect  than  he 
would  a physician  without  knowing  something  of  his  ability  and 
standing. 

The  profession  of  an  architect  is  closely  identified  with  that  of 
,,  public  health,  and  as  sanitarians  in  the  construction  of  every  kind  of 
building,  whether  it  be  a stable,  private  dwelling  or  public  building, 
the  vastness  of  their  responsibility  is  at  once  evident. 

“ Died  of  a bad  air.”  How  often  these  words  might,  with  truth, 
be  inscribed  on  the  headstone  of  old  and  young.  All  that  man  can 


do  to  make  our  modern  houses  warm  and  air  tight,  is  done,  and  then 
we  Kindle  a monstrous  fire  in  the  cellar,  so  arranged  that  all  the  air 
we  breathe  must  pass  over  plates  of  iron  heated  to  a cherry-red  before 
it  reaches  us.  Day  and  night  is  the  same.  We  are  warm  and  com- 
fortable, nothing  freezes  in  the  house  ; we  have,  nevertheless,  taken 
a viper  to  our  bosom  that  will  certainly  sting  us.  No  man  can  rob 
his  lungs  of  pure  fresh  air,  and  not  pay  for  it  in  bodily  health.  Pure 
air,  and  in  large  quantities,  is  as  essential  to  our  health  and  comfort 
as  animal  food  and  nourishing  drinks.  In  our  efforts  to  perfect  our 
creature  comforts,  we  have  not  only  shut  out  the  cold  from  our 
dwellings,  but  with  it  the  vitalizing  air. 

The  architect  must  see  to  it  that  the  house  he  builds  is  so 
arranged  that  not  only  the  temperature  of  the  air  in  it  can  always  be 
regulated — at  least  to  such  a degree  as  advancing  science  enables  him 
to  do — but  also  that  the  air  be  fresh  and  pure.  In  its  sanitary  char- 
acter architecture  must,  therefore,  look  to  the  combination  of  heat 
with  pure  air  or  ventilation.  The  architect  in  his  relation  to  his 
client  is  either  a practical  sanitarian  or  the  reverse. 

Our  forefathers  knew  nothing  of  diphtheria  and  kindred  diseases, 
traced  to  what  we  term  “ modern  improvements.”  Our  plumbing 
and  sewers,  if  not  properly  trapped  and  ventilated,  will  lead  the 
poison  into  our  dwellings,  instead  of  removing  it  to  a distance, 
where  it  can  do  no  harm. 

It  is  only  a few  years  ago  that  the  whole  British  empire  was 
filled  with  anxiety  on  account  of  the  illness  of  the  heir-apparent  to 
the  throne — an  illness  said  to  be  due  to  imperfect  drainage.  To  the 
same  cause  is  attributed  the  death  by  plague  in  London  of  100,000 
persons,  and  in  the  cities  of  our  own  country  thousands  die  yearly  by 
the  sarhe  cause.  No  nation  can  afford,  by  the  untimely  making  of 
the  graves  of  thousands  of  its  producers,  to  lose  its  wealth  and  there- 
by its  greatness. 

Dr.  Chamberlain  reports  from  a recent  conversation  with  Dr. 
Richardson,  acting  Secretary  of  the  State  Board  of  Health  of  Massa 
chusetts,  that  they  never  have  a fatal  case  of  scarlet  fever  or  diph- 
theria without  finding  some  cause  for  it  in  defective  drainage,  venti- 
lation, or  bad  sewerage  of  the  dwelling. 

The  contents  of  the  vault  saturates  the  whole  of  the  surround- 
ing earth,  poisons  the  springs  and  the  wells,  and  finds  its  way  in  little 
currents  through  the  interstices  of  the  foundation  walls  of  our  houses; 
there  it  throws  off  gases  too  slight  to  attract  attention,  but  too  dead- 
ly to  be  inhaled  by  the  inmates  with  impunity.  The  soil  pipe  is  an 
improvement,  on  this;  but  if  it  be  not  tight  in  all  its  parts,  if  there  be 
any  imperfectly  soldered  or  caulked  joints,  woe  betide  the  man  who 
sleeps  near  it;  for  the  destroying  angel  is  abroad,  and  will  find  him  as 
surely  as  he  lies  down  and  rises  up  in  an  atmosphere  so  charged  with 
the  germs  of  disease.  He  may  not  be  conscious  that  the  foe  is  near 
at  hand;  for  the  leak  may  be  slight,  and  during  the  day  its  effects  will 
be  neutralized,  in  part,  by  open  windows  and  doors;  and,  moreover, 
as  ‘‘evil  communications  corrupt  good  manners,”  so  the  habitual 
inhaling  of  a noxious  atmosphere  dulls  the  senses:  and  they  soon 
cease  to  detect  the  odor  that  would  have  startled  them,  had  they  not 
gradually  become,  habituated  to  it.  Anyone  may  test  this.  Let 
him  enter  into  a crowded  and  badly  ventilated  theater  or  other  public 
building,  and  he  will  take  no  more  notice  of  it  than  the  crowds  who 
have  inhaled  carbonic  acid  gas  enough  to  insure  to  each  a raging 
headache  for  the  following  day. 

Of  course  a great  many  of  these  buildings  are  not  built  by 


Design  19. 


93 


Plate  io. 


•A^T-pLpQFL- 


-frdmt  elE^V/\tioN- 


■SifJE,  ELLEV<ATI  □ N~ 


Copynght,  i8;8,  by  Palliser,  Pallisei  & Co.,  Archiu.cls,  IScw  York. 


mm  «$*»  . 

» 


Li, . . ' % ■ 


PLATE  i i. 


Design  20 — Illustrates  a house  adapted  to  a site  on  a hillside,  the  kitchen  and  offices  being  placed  in  the 
basement,  and  on  rear,  is  entirely  out  of  ground.  The  dumb-waiter,  from  the  closet  in  kitchen  to  waiter’s 
pantry  on  first  floor,  connected  with  dining-room,  is  a very  desirable  and  convenient  feature.  Second  floor 
contains  four  sleeping  rooms,  and  there  is  a good  attic  over  the  whole  house.  Cost,  $1,700. 

Design  21 — Is  a two-story  seven-room  and  attic  cottage,  suitable  for  a mechanic’s  home,  and  can  be 
erected  on  a lot  of  small  frontage.  Cost,  $1,600. 


architects  at  all,  but  by  the  “ practical  builders  ” who  do  so  much  of 
the  bad  building  the  whole  country  over. 

There  is  only  the  excuse  of  public  indifference  to  shield  the 
modern  builder  in  view  of  his  almost  universal  disregard  of  simple 
and  well  known  methods  of  wholesale  house-drainage.  He  would 
consider  himself  blameworthy  if  his  mof  leaked  so  badly  as  to 
destroy  the  wall  paper  of  a single  room;  but  he  expects  no  blame — 
he  would  often  scout  the  idea  that  he  should  be  blamed — for  a con- 
dition of  interior  drainage  which  lays  the  whole  household  open  to  an 
ever-threatening  danger.  At  present  not  a man  in  ten  thousand — 
literally  not  one  in  ten  thousand — cares  or  thinks  anything  about 
this  matter,  beyond  satisfying  himself  that  his  house  has  as  good 
plumbing  as  other  people’s  houses.  His  accustomed  nostrils  detect 
no  odor — even  where  to  one  fresh  from  the  country  the  very  entrance 
hall  is  tainted  with  air  from  the  drains;  and  where  he  can  neither  see 
nor  smell  offence,  he  is  quiet  and  content.  He  has  yet  to  learn  that 
the  most  serious  danger  is  often  unattended  by  any  marked  warning 
to  the  senses. 

Where  the  battle  rages  fierce  and  long,  are  the  dead  and- dying 
— but  the  plague  and  pestilence  is  not  announced  by  the  clashing  of 
arms  and  booming  of  cannon. 

The  architect,  who  is  the  creator  of  the  sanitary  condition  of 
the  house,  must  give  to  its  drainage  and  water  supply  system  the 
same  intelligent  and  educated  skill  which  he  now  applies  to  its  ar- 
rangement and  beauty. 

Architects  have  not  been  .held  to  any  real  accountability  for 
these  things,  and  the  people  themselves  are  thus  far  at  fault.  The 
demand  creates  the  supply,  and  thus  far  it  has  been  for  handsome 
houses,  or  for  cheap  houses,  or  for  convenient  houses,  and  these 
have  been  supplied;  the  time  is  now  at  hand  when  the  demand  will  be 
for  healthy  houses  first  of  all. 

We  say  the  responsibility  of  the  architect  is  great  indeed,  but 
how  much  more  is  the  responsibility  of  those  who  erect  buildings 
without  the  aid  of  an  architect?  What  is  the  responsibility,  we  ask, 


of  one  who  sets  his  irresponsible  and  crafty  builder  at  work  to  erect 
a building,  which  is  usually  the  case  when  no  architect  is  consulted, 
the  owner  only  studying  parsimony — although  the  fees  of  a compe- 
tent architect  are  not  so  much  additional  as  he  thinks;  but  on  the 
contrary  a saving  of  at  least  five  times  the  amount.  This  builder 
knows  nothing  of  design  or  the  harmony  of  parts,  neither  the  owner 
who  follows  him  up  with  his  instructions,  and  they  gather  their  ideas 
from  this  and  that  or  the  other  which  they  have  seen;  fancy  looking 
for  a harmonious  whole  in  a house  built  after  this  fashion.  The 
builder  will  turn  an  arch,  and  build  a wall  above  it,  ignorant  whether 
it  will  stand  or  fall  when  the  center  is  struck;  while  his  brother  will 
frame  together  a combination  of  timbers,  innocent  of  any  positive 
knowledge  whether  his  structure  when  finished  will  bear  a locomotive, 
or  fall  of  its  own  weight;  and  the  plumber,  who  has  so  much  to  do 
with  the  health  of  the  occupants,  will  get  the  impression  that  a cheap 
job  is  required,  and  no  one  will  take  any  interest  in  how  he  does  it, 
and  the  whole  of  the  work  will  be  scamped  from  beginning  to  end, 
and  the  question  arises  will  this  building  be  fit  for  occupancy  of  man 
when  finished,  and  should  not  something  be  done  to  prevent  the  erec- 
tion of  buildings  that  will  be  a lasting  injury  to  society  ? 

It  is  very  much  to  be  deplored  that  in  many  of  our  cities  the 
public  has  delivered  itself  over  a willing  victim,  body  and  soul,  to 
the  speculating  builder.  Stupidly  housed  in  ugly,  inconvenient  and 
monotonous  brick  boxes,  with  holes  cut  symmetrically  in  them,  the 
public  stays  contentedly  until  a fever  breaks  out  or  frost  sets  in. 
Then,  however,  it  immediately  raises  an  insensate  howl  against  the 
architectural  profession,  which  was  never  consulted,  because  sewer 
gas  was  laid  on  to  and  fresh  air  carefully  kept  out  of  its  dwellings, 
and  because  all  the  pipes  were  left  exposed  to  the  elements. 

We  have  no  desire  to  claim  infallibility  for  the  capable  members 
of  our  profession,  but  will  remind  our  readers  that  where  such  things 
occur  as  we  have  here  referred  to,  usually  an  architect  was  not  at 
all  concerned,  or  if  there  was,  he  was  probably  limited  in  the  scope 
of  his  office. 


I designs  20  and  21 


25 


Plate  ii.  j 


— -Fnai'Jj  elLelnAtio^; 


■ G3 


ce-L  L 


AA-~ 


— -SIDE.  E-L-EA//ypDfJ 


--L5LT-  -F.Ldo^- 


..■SIDE.  eLelV'/\-]-i  d4- 


&ED  F^p □ IV|  fc-j&ED  Rpn^ 
.r  . fcL  *••’"</// 

/3  c*.  /?.  - I ffl 


iiDisla  ^Ldd^~ 


-5EcohJa  ^Lanfy- 


-FAS-ip-  eLeG.  ~ri  art  - 

* Is  C.\L  i 


/o'  f 0 / ri  — - gjjrgj.  e.Le:  \Zat~idfJ  ■ 

-fH"t  f 1 Hi  1 1 [ } — °f  f^T 


Copyright,  r888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


J 


Design  22 — Shows  a pair  of  frame  cottages,  of  seven  rooms  each,  which,  when  executed,  make  a very 
attractive  home  for  anyone  requiring  the  amount  of  room  this  plan  gives,  and  which  can  be  erected  for 

9 

$1,200  each. 


A permanent  home  should  be  built  with  care  and  planned  with  a 
special  reference  to  the  wants  and  necessities  of  the  family;  it  should 
be  neat  and  attractive  and  in  harmony  with  the  lives  to  be  spent  un- 
der its  roof.  A house  or  stopping  place  may  be  all  external  show, 
with  the  larger  part  of  the  conveniences  omitted  internally,  thereby 
cheapening  the  cost,  and  which  enhance  the  chances  of  many  birds 
filling  the  nest  for  a short  time,  and  ultimately  the  place  becomes 
the  half-way  house  between  nowhere  and  home.  Let  us  have  perma- 
nent homes,  built  in  accordance  with  the  times  and  of  modern  styles, 
homes  where  the  manly  virtues  may  grow  strong  and  flourish,  and 
which  our  children  will  ever  remember  in  after  years  with  pride. 


It  is  quite  surprising  what  a number  of  people  there  are  who  will 
get  about  half  a dozen  hieroglyphics  o.  a piece  of  paper  and  then 
think  they  are  all  ready  to  commence  building,  and  that  there  is 
nothing  more  to  do  but  put  hands  to  the  rvork.  But,  softly,  how 
about  the  lettering  and  figuring  of  plans  ; are  the  sizes  of  all  rooms 
figured  out,  the  frame,  the  location  and  size  of  all  doors  and  windows; 
where  are  the  specifications,  the  details  of  execution,  the  contracts 
and  a host  of  minor  things  which  must  be  properly  prepared  and  at- 
tended to,  if  your  building  affairs  are  to  be  conducted  in  a practical 
manner,  for  as  sure  as  the  compass  is  indispensable  to  the  mariner 
to  steer  by,  so  are  the  plans,  specifications  and  details,  requisite  for 
the  builder  to  work  by  to  obtain  satisfactory  results  and  to  reach  the 
goal  of  proper  construction  and  harmony  of  parts. 


It  is  on  the  architect  that  the  public  must  rely  for  the  proper 
construction  of  the  building. 


It  is  only  a penny  wise  and  pound  foolish  policy  that  says  : “ Do 
not  employ  an  architect.” 


People  who  have  tried  to  be  the  architects  of  their  own  buildings 
have  instead  been  the  architects  of  their  own  misfortunes  and 
emptied  their  pockets. 


A simple  suggestion  from  a competent  architect  is  sometimes 
worth  his  fees. 


The  intelligent  public  are  convinced  that  architects  who  have 
had  every  advantage  by  their  training  and  experience  can  meet  their 
wants  with  practical  contrivances  and  arrangements  for  their  com- 
fort, and  that  they  can  do  this  better  than  anybody  else. 


The  faculty  of  inventing,  designing  and  giving  shape  to  concep- 
tions so  as  to  make  them  living  realities,  is  a talent  as  indispensable 
in  the  true  architect,  as  a thorough  knowledge  of  the  strength  of 
materials  and  the  proper  and  most  economical  mode  of  their  use, 
and  anyone  who  dabbles  in  architecture  without  these  talents  is  an 
amateur,  and  an  amateur  architect  is  the  worst  of  all  amateurs,  for 
he  not  only  builds  structures  that  are  hideous,  but  also  wastes  people’s 
money. 


Do  the  public  want  good  architects  ? Men  show  but  little  care 
to  get  the  best  that  are  to  be  had. 


An  architect  should  be  thoroughly  practical  and  know  how  to 
use  material  with  economy,  so  as  to  carry  out  a proper  construction 
in  building  and  not  waste  material,  and  consequently  his  client’s 
money. 


An  architect  is  a confidential  and  responsible  adviser. 


Children  and  fools  should  never  see  anything  half  done. 


Critics  of  architecture  will  hate  a thing  with  all  their  might,  but 
they  cannot  substantiate  their  dislikes  by  telling  one  why — simply 
because  they  don’t  know  and  are  not  versed  in  architecture.  These 
kind  of  critics  are  heard  a good  deal  nowadays  and  it  seems  as  if 
everyone  were  critics,  though  they  don’t  know  the  first  principles  of 
what  they  are  talking  about. 


It  requires  the  same  training  to  choose  a design  that  it  does  to 
make  one. 


When  people  ask  you  as  to  what  you  are  doing,  say  to  them  what 
the  Japanese  said  when  asked  about  the  building  they  were  erecting 
at  the  Centennial — “ Wait,  till  comes  time,  you  then  see?” 


John  Smith  was  building  him  a boat,  and  everyone  who  came 
along  and  saw  what  he  was  doing  found  fault  with  it  and  offered 
their  suggestions.  Some  said  it  was  too  shallow,  others  too  deep,  and 
soon.  Finally  Mr.  Smith  got  mad  and  informed  his  friends  he  was 
building  the  boat  for  himself,  and  if  after  he  was  through  they  would 
call  on  him  he  would  be  happy  to  build  one  to  suit  them  all  and  then 
he  would  chop  it  up. 


People  want  to  live  in  more  comfortable  and  attractive  houses 
than  they  used  to,  and  the  designs  shown  m this  book  pleasantly  in- 
dicate their  demand. 


FIRST  FLOOR  PLAN 


SECDNra  FLOOR  PLAN- 


^RONT^ELLVATiDN-- 


SIDE  ELEVATIPM 


Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


PLATE  13. 


Design  23 — Is  a.  very  attractive  cottage  residence  of  seven  rooms  with  attic  ; cellar  under  the  whole 
house  ; laundry  in  cellar ; gives  a large  amount  of  room  for  the  cost. 

The  first  story  is  designed  to  be  clapboarded  and  the  second  story  shingled.  Cost,  $1,300.  (See  Plate 
1 for  Perspective  View.) 


LiVid c i^nouf 


F^DON] 


ffS-o*  i&o 


J/^LL 


Nijol  E.rJ 

10  <r*rz' /" 


Jo ’a’x/J  Z' 


WaLL 


COTTAGE  AT  SCOOBA,  MISS. 

In  a Southern  climate  the  requirements  for  houses,  either  great 
or  small,  are  very  different  from  what  they  are  at  the  North. 

Special  attention  must  be  paid  to  keeping  cool  in  summer  rather 
than  warm  in  winter  ; therefore  the  rooms  must  be  large  and  the 
ceilings  high.  Cellars  are  not  among  the  requisites.  Neither  is  it 
necessary  in  some  parts  to  build  solid  foundations,  there  being  no 
frosts  to  get  clear  of  ; and  in  some  instances  houses  are  set  on  logs 
stood  on  the  ground.  In  this  case  the  frame  is  supported  on  brick 
piers,  and  a large  open  space  is  left  under  the  floor,  which  is  properly 
prepared  so  as  to  keep  down  damp. 

It  will  be  observed  there  is  no  kitchen  provided,  the  cooking 
being  done  in  a small  out-house  provided  for  that  purpose,  so  as  to 
keep  the  heat  out  of  the  house  as  far  as  possible.  It  is,  however, 
necessary  at  some  seasons  of  the  year  to  have  a fire,  and  for  this  pur- 
pose a large  open  fire-place  is  provided  in  the  parlor.  This  fire-place 
is  built  of  brick,  with' an  arch  turned  in  it,  and  the  brick  breast  con- 
tinued up  ; the  brick  being  left  exposed  in  the  room,  and  in  this  fire- 
place it  is  intended  to  burn  large  logs  on  the  hearth.  The  second 
story  or  loft  is  merely  a lumber  room  and  air  space  between  the  roof 
and  rooms  below. 


The  arrangement  of  the  windows  is  one  of  the  principal  features 
in  the  design.  The  lower  sashes  are  arranged  to  slide  into  the  walls 
and  the  transom  sash  to  swing.  In  this  way  the  whole  of  the  windows 
can  be  opened  instead  of  half,  as  is  usually  the  case.  The  rooms 
are  well  supplied  with  windows,  and  from  their  arrangement,  if  there 
is  a breeze,  a good  draft  will  be  obtained.  The  front  porch  is  ar- 
ranged with  a seat  on  each  side,  so  that  one  may  sit  out  of  doors, 
and  yet  be  in  the  shade,  which  is  a very  desirable  feature.  This 
cottage  was  designed  for  the  residence  of  a laborer  on  the  estate  of 
J.  A.  Minniece,  Esq.,  at  Scooba,  Miss.,  to  be  built  of  yellow  pine 
throughout.  Cost,  about  $500.  We  also  give  on  this  page 

A COTTAGE  AT  BIRMINGHAM,  CONN., 

designed  for  a workingman  of  large  family,  and  is  a neat  little  cot- 
tage, and  well  adapted  for  the  purposes  intended  and  the  require- 
ments of  its  occupants.  The  first  floor  contains  living-room, 
kitchen  and  bed-room,  and  on  the  second  floor  four  bed-rooms, 
with  the  necessary  closet  room.  There  is  a cellar  under  the  whole. 
Interior  finished  in  a plain  manner,  and  painted  in  tints.  Color  on 
exterior  are  : clapboards,  light  slate  ; trimmings,  light  brown,  and 
trimmed  up  with  red  ; blinds,  olive  green.  Cost,  $900. 


DESIGN  23. 


29 


Plate  13 


PANTFY- 


-PQRCH 


faALCDNV 


_______ __________ _ — — 

I Copyright,  1888,  by  PaUiser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architeots,  New  York. 


-rSIPE  ELL-E1V  A T ID  N 


— iSiTTINU  room 


FIR5T  RLDDR  — 


■FRONT  ELLELVATIDM 


sc^Le.  OF 


/ o 


/2 


CHAM  f&  £.  R- 


— QHAMBE1R- 


tO-0  t >2  -JO 


tZ -to  v /S-O. 


aanemsE 


-^eCDNO  FLOOR 


Lstqqp- 

KITCHEN 


HALL- 


RDDM 


LIVING 


J.S3 


/#• 


PA5SA&E1 


PLATE  14. 


Design  24 — Gives  plans,  elevations,  details,  and  perspective  view  of  a comfortable,  convenient  cottage 
home  of  six  rooms,  with  tower  which  is  designed  to  command  a view  of  the  surrounding  country  where 
erected.  Cost,  $1,700. 


We  have  always  maintained,  and  shall  continue  to  do 
so  unto  the  end,  that  any  structure,  no  matter  how  in- 
expensive, intended  as  a dwelling  place  for  civilized 
people,  should  be  designed  by  a skilled  man,  and  should 
bear  the  marks  of  good  design.  Good  design  in  archi- 
tecture, as  well  as  elsewhere,  costs  no  more  than  bad 
in  the  construction.  . . 


COTTAGE  FOR  A MILL  HAND  AT  CHELSEA, 
MASS. 


Tips  is  a very  attractive  design,  and  intended  to  give 
ample  accomodation  at  a low  cost  for  an  ordinary  family. 

The  cellar  is  placed  under  the  kitchen  and  hall,  which 
was  thought  in  this  instance  to  be  sufficient  to  meet  all 
requirements,  though  it  is  generally  considered,  in  the 
Eastern  States  at  least,  to  be  poor  economy  not  to  have 
a cellar  under  the  whole  house,  as  it  only  requires  about 
one  foot  in  depth  of  additional  stone  work  to  secure  a 
cellar,  it  being  necessary  to  put  down  the  stone  work  in 
any  case,  so  that  it  will  be  beyond  the  reach  of  frost. 

The  kitchen  is  without  a fire-place,  the  cooking  to  be 
done  by  a stove,  which,  if  properly  contrived,  is  a very 
effective  ventilator,  and  preferred  by  many  housekeepers 
for  all  kitchen  purposes. 

The  parlor  and  dining-room  or  general  living-room 
are  provided  with  the  healthy  luxury  of  an  open  fire- 
place, and  we  know  of  no  more  elegant,  cleanly  and 
effective  contrivance  for  this  purpose  than  the  one  adopted 
in  this  instance  ; they  are  built  of  buff  brick,  with  molded 
jambs  and  segment  arch,  and  in  which  a basket-grate  or 
fire-dogs  can  be  placed  for  the  desired  fire,  and  in  this 
way  large  rooms  are  kept  perfectly  comfortable  in  cold 
weather  without  heat  from  any  other  source.  These  fire 
places  are  also  provided  with  neat  mantels  constructed  of 
ash,  and  which  are  elegant  compared  with  the  marbleized 
slate  mantel,  which  is  a sham,  and  repulsive  to  an 
educated  taste. 

On  entering  nearly  every  house  in  the  land  we  find 
the  same  turned  walnut  post  at  the  bottom  of  the  stairs 
with  tapering  walnut  sticks  all  the  way  up,  surmounted 
with  a flattened  walnut  rail  having  a shepherd’s  crook  at 
the  top  ; however,  in  this  instance,  it  is  not  so,  but  the 
staircase  is  surmounted  with  an  ash  rail,  balusters  and 
newel  of  simple,  though  unique  design  ; and  now  that 
people  are  giving  more  attention  to  this  important  piece 
of  furniture,  we  may  look  for  a change  in  this  respect. 

The  house  is  supplied  with  a cistern  constructed 
with  great  care,  the  kitchen  sink  being  supplied  with 
water  by  a pump,  and  there  is  no  more  easy  method  of 
procuring  good  water  for  all  purposes  of  the  household. 

For  a compact,  convenient  cottage  with  every  facility 
for  doing  the  work  with  the  least  number  of  steps,  for  a 
low-priced  elegant  cottage,  we  do  not  know  of  anything 
that  surpasses  this.  Cost,  $1,200. 

Mr.  A.  E.  Jones,  of  Newport,  Ohio,  is  also  erecting  this  cot- 
tage with  the  necessary  changes  to  suit  points  of  compass.  Such  a 
house  as  this  if  tastefully  furnished,  and  embellished  with  suitable 


surroundings,  as  neat  and  well-kept  grounds,  flowers,  etc.,  will  always 
attract  more  attention  than  the  uninviting,  ill-designed  buildings,  no 
matter  how  much  money  may  have  been  expended  on  them. 


31 


DESIGN  24. 


PLATE  14. 


I 

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Copyright.  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York, 


PLATE  15. 


Design  25 — Shows  plans,  elevations,  and  perspective  view  of  a neat  cottage  house,  of  six  rooms,  suit- 
able for  erection  in  the  suburbs,  or  country.  The  interior  is  designed  to  be  finished  in  pine,  in  a pleasing 
manner  and  finished  in  natural  color  of  wood — no  paint.  Mantels  in  parlor  and  dining-room  to  be  of  black 
walnut.  The  roofs  to  be  slated;  clapboards  painted  Venetian  red;  casings,  cornerboards  and  bands,  Indian 
red  ; the  chamfers  and  cut  work  black.  Cost,  $1,600. 


COTTAGE  AT  WEST  STRATFORD,  CONN. 

This  handsome  little  house  is  near  completion  for  E.  R. 
Tomlinson,  and  for  a compact  arrangement  of  plan  cannot 
be  beat.  There  is  a splendid  cellar  under  the  whole  house, 
arranged  for  the  storage  of  fuel  and  other  purposes;  a well 
has  also  been  put  down  in  the  cellar,  which  with  the  cistern 
supplies  an  unlimited  amount  of  water  at  the  kitchen  sink 
through  the  aid  of  a pump.  The  attic  is  very  spacious,  and 
will  be  found  very  useful  as  a place  for  drying  clothes,  or 
should  it  be  found  necessary  at  some  future  time  two  rooms 
could  be  finished  off,  which  would  be  almost  as  good  sleeping 
rooms  as  any  in  the  house. 

There  is  but  one  chimney,  which  is  so  placed  that  it  can  be 
used  from  all  the  rooms  on  first  floor;  the  stair-case  is  also 
placed  in  a position  to  be  easy  of  access  from  all  parts  of  the 
house;  two  doors  are  placed  between  the  hall  and  kitchen,  a 
feature  which  cannot  fail  to  commend  itself. 

The  windows  in  the  hall  and  stair-case  are  filled  entirely 
with  ornamental  and  stained  glass,  as  are  also  those  in  the 
attic ; the  other  windows  in  the  house  have  the  lower  sash 
glazed  in  two  lights  of  ordinary  glass,  while  the  upper  sash  has 
a white  light  in  center  and  small  colored  lights  on  each  side. 
The  interior  is  finished  in  a very  pleasing,  yet  economical  man- 
ner, the  casings  of  doors  and  windows  are  trimmed  with  a back 
mold,  though  they  are  not  mitred  at  the  angles  as  is  usually 
done,  but  a square  block,  ornamented  with  sunk  work  to  be 
picked  out  in  color  is  placed  in  the  corner,  and  the  molding  cut 
square  against  it  ; this  is  a decided  improvement  on  the 
monotonous  mitred  back  mold  which  we  see  in  nearly  every 
house.  The  rooms  are  all  of  ample  accommodation  to  meet  the 
requirements,  and  each  chamber  is  supplied  with  a good  closet. 

The  exterior  is  very  striking,  the  front  gable  is  very  hand- 
some, and  is  a free  rendering  of  what  is  known  as  the  Queen 
Anne  style  of  architecture;  the  front  veranda  and  especially  the 
hood  over  entrance  is  very  pretty — in  fact  this  is  one  of  the 
prettily  designed  cottages  which  will  always  attract  attention. 

An  architect  designs  a building  with  special  reference 
to  the  colors  to  be  used  in  painting,  and  as  color  is  the  life 
of  design,  his  instructions  in  this  respect  should  be  minutely 
followed  if  the  desired  result  is  to  be  arrived  at.  This  cot- 
tage is  painted  Venetian  red,  trimmed  with  Indian  red,  the 
chamfers,  cut  and  sunk  work  being  picked  out  in  black,  mak- 
ing it  very  effective  and  showing  the  detail  boldly.  The  cost  is 
$1,460,  and  we  doubt  if  there  is  anyone  who  can  show  a prettier 
house,  either  in  arrangement  or  appearance  for  the  same  price. 

Blessed  are  they  who  have  homes  ! 

Let  every  man  strive  to  own  a home. 

Mr.  Tomlinson  has  sold  this  cottage  to  good  advantage 
and  built  larger  from  our  plans. 


Design  25 


33 


Plate  15 


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PLATE  i 6 . 

Design  26 — Illustrates  a seven-room  house,  furnished  with  all  necessary  conveniences.  First  floor, 
main  part  finished  in  hard-wood,  with  hard-wood  floor  in  hall,  hard-wood  mantels  in  parlor  and  dining-room. 
The  small  panes  in  top  sashes  are  filled  with  plain  stained  glass,  the  center  light  with  ornamental  ground 
glass  ; bottom  sash,  which  is  the  only  ones  accessible  for  view,  being  of  plain  glass,  and  furnished  with  inside 
blinds.  Cost,  $2,000. 


COTTAGE  AT  LITCHFIELD,  CONN. 

This  is  a neat  seven-room  cottage,  designed  to  fill  a 
narrow  lot  at  a small  cost.  The  house  was  designed  to 
face  the  West,  and  the  South  side  was  made  more  at- 
tractive ; the  front  veranda  is  one  of  the  features  of  the 
exterior,  and  is  very  simple  and  chaste,  yet  elegant. 

Besides  the  two  floors  in  the  main  house,  there  is 
an  attic  over  the  kitchen  extension  which  may  be  used  as 
a stow-away.  There  is  also  a good  attic  over  the  main 
house,  and  a ceilar  under  the  whole  house. 

The  room  marked  parlor  is  to  be  used  as  a general 
living-room,  hence  it  is  provided  with  an  open  fire-place 
and  a neat  hardwood  mantel,  and  the  interior  throughout 
is  finished  in  a plain  neat  manner. 

The  wants  of  people  are  so  unequal,  and  their  opinions 
so  varied  by  the  circumstances  under  which  they  are 
formed,  that  it  is  the  most  natural  thing  in  the  world 
for  anyone  to  take  up  a plan  and  suggest  innumerable 
changes  and  additions,  always  forgetting  the  unalterable 
condition  of  price,  situation  and  object  which  restrained 
the  architect  while  working  it  np.  To  prepare  a design 
regardless  of  expense  is  an  easy  matter  compared  with 
that  of  devising  one  that  gives  the  largest  amount, of  ac- 
commodation within  a fixed  limit  of  cost,  and  in  all  our 
long  experience  we  have  never  found  a design  that  would 
meet  the  requirements  of  different  individuals  without 
some  changes. 

Two  of  these  cottages  are  erected  at  Litchfield, 
Conn.,  by  Messrs.  Devoe  and  Hills.  Cost,  about  $1,650. 

The  cost  of  a house  depends  in  a great  measure  on 
a properly  studied  design,  which  does  not  consist  alone 
in  the  arrangement  of  rooms,  etc.,  but  involves  a careful 
study  of  construction  ; a saving  can  be  made  by  a proper 
distribution  of  timbers  as  well  as  by  the  most  economical 
arrangement  01  rooms — in  fact,  good  or  bad  management 
produces  the  same  results  in  building  operations  as  in 
any  other  pursuit. 

People  will  take  up  a work  of  architecture,  ajid 
select  a house  that  comes  about  their  wants,  which  the 
book  says  costs  $2,000,  and  that  is  just  the  amount  they 
can  command  for  building.  The  house  is  ordered,  the 
alterations  named,  and  put  in  the  bauds  of  the  best  me- 
chanic. to  execute  it,  and  he  goes  ahead  ; he  is  not  re- 
stricted except  by  the  book,  and  the  author  of  it  is  a 
man  of  reputation.  The  builder  has  not  any  specifica- 
tions or  details  of  execution  to  be  governed  by,  and  there- 
fore piles  on  the  agony,  as  it  is  not  considered  good  policy 
for  him  to  make  suggestions  so  as  tc  decrease  the  work, 
and  when  the  $2,000  is  expended  you  find  the  building 
half  done,  and  an  additional  $2,000  necessary  to  com- 
plete it. 

This  is  not  the  proper  way  to  conduct  one’s  building 
affairs,  but  to  get  the  plans  and  details  properly  prepared, 
and  then  ascertain  what  it  is  to  cost  before  going  ahead- 
then  the  result  will  be  satisfactory. 


Design  26 


35 


Plate  16.  | 


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Copyright,  18S8,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


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36 


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PLATE  i 7. 

Design  27 — Shows  plans,  elevations,  details,  and  perspective  view  of  a two-story  house,  arranged  for 
two  families,  with  front  and  backstairs,  bath-rooms,  etc.,  and  is  just  such  a house  as  every  mechanic  of  small 
family  should  own,  as  it  will  give  him  the  required  amount  of  room  on  first  floor,  and  the  second  floor  will 
rent  for  almost  enough  to  pay  the  interest  on  the  whole  outlay.  Cost,  $2,500. 


RESIDENCE  OF  R.  R.  HENRY,  TAZEWELL,  VA. 

There  are  many  things  to  be  taken  into  consideration 
in  the  designing  of  houses  for  different  parts  of  the 
country.  This  Cottage  is  of  a form  that  is  compact  and 
in  every  way  available,  the  rooms  are  large,  have  high 
ceilings  and  at  the  same  time  afford  every  convenience  in 
their  arrangement,  making  them  desirable  for  a family  of 
refined  tastes  and  moderate  means.  It  is  built  ol  wood, 
though  in  favorable  localities  it  would  be  better  still  of 
stone  or  brick,  and  if  suitably  surrounded  with  tasteful 
landscape  embellishments,  will  make  a snug,  pretty,  and 
attractive  home.  One  can,  by  the  exercise  of  appropriate 
taste,  produce  the  right  kind  of  an  impression  in  a house 
of  this  character.  It  should  become  a part  of  and  be- 
long to  the  acres  which  surround  it ; it  should  be  an  indis- 
pensable accessory  to  the  place  itself,  and  the  grounds 
should  be  laid  out  and  embellished  in  such  a manner  that 
the  whole  combination  impresses  one  with  harmonious 
beauty,  and  not,  as  is  too  often  the  case,  seek  to  make 
up  for  the  deficiencies  in  the  grounds  by  elaborate 
expenditure  and  display  about  the  house. 

A true  appreciation  of  a country  or  suburban  home 
will  not  tolerate  slovenly,  ill-kept  grounds,  and  no  house 
exhibits  its  true  value  unless  there  is  a harmony  in  its 
surroundings.  If  this  be  attended  to,  a high  degree  of 
effect  can  be  produced  in  houses  of  very  moderate  cost ; 
houses  that  should  be  roomy,  warm,  substantial  and  in 
every  way  agreeable  to  their  occupants. 

The  glass  throughout  is  common  sheet  without 
color,  but  the  dividing  up  of  the  upper  sashes  gives  char- 
acter to  the  whole  ; the  plain  treatment  of  the  exterior 
is  more  than  made  up  by  the  beauty  of  the  internal  ar- 
rangements, which  the  plans  fully  explain. 

Architecture  is  young  in  this  country,  and  we  have 
to  look  to  the  mother  country  for  many  of  our  ideas  ; but 
because  we  do  this  we  need  not  follow  their  custom  in 
building  our  small  houses,  but  we  must  meet  the  require- 
ments of  climate  and  habits  ^therefore  the  arrangements 
of  rooms  is  entirely  different,  and  we  add  verandas, 
which  are  valuable  appendages  on  account  of  it  being 
pleasant  to  sit  out  of  doors. 

This  house  is  substantially  built  and  contains  the 
modern  conveniences  ; there  is  no  water  closet,  but  an 
earth  closet  is  provided  in  connection  with  bath-room, 
which  is  preferable.  Cost  about  $1,900. 


DESIGN  27. 


37 


PLATE  17. 


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Copyright,  r8S8,  by  Pailiser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


PLATE  i 8 . 


Design  28 — Illustrates  an  attractive  pair  of  cottages,  with  good  accommodations  and  the  required  con- 
veniences. It  is  becoming  quite  a common  practice  to  erect  houses  in  pairs,  which  is  a very  economical  way 
to  build,  and  if  the  design  is  treated  right  they  can  be  made  very  effective.  Cost,  $1,850  each  side. 


RESIDENCE  OF  ALBERT  TRINLER,  NEW 
ALBANY,  IND. 


The  plan  of  this  handsome  cottage  with  tower 
is  taken  from  a little  book  published  years  ago,  with 
the  addition  of  another  room  on  each  floor  and  another 
bay  window  and  a change  in  the  details  on  the  exterior 
— in  fact,  there  is  scarcely  anything  left  to  remind 
one  of  the  other  design  ; and  it  is  often  the  case  that 
people  will  examine  a plan  and  will  say  that  it  is  just 
what  they  want,  with  such  and  . such  changes,  and  when 
the  necessary  changes  are  made  to  suit  their  ideas  there 
is  nothing  left  by  which  one  can  recognize  anything  of 
the  first  plan. 

The  roofs  are  all  slated,  which  is  decidedly  the 
best  and  cheapest — when  we  take  everything  into 
account — method  of  roofing  besides  being  elegant  ; 
and  in  favorable  localities  can  be  laid  for  $8.00  per 
100  square  feet  of  surface. 

For  a person  of  moderate  means,  wishing  an  ele- 
gant home  with  the  interior  comforts  and  convenience 
it  contains,  we  can  with  confidence  recommend  this 
design.  It  is  suitable  for  any  part  of  the  country  except 
the  extreme  South,  and  the  owner  of  such  a house  will 
find  that  its  money  value  is  far  above  that  of  a square 
box  of  the  same  capacity,  and  it  costs  but  a trifle 
more  than  the  ugly  packing  boxes  that  some  people 
seem  bound  to  erect  in  opposition  to  all  artistic  ideas, 
which  are  constantly  developing  in  this  country.  In 
some  instances  we  have  known  houses  of  nice  design, 
properly  managed,  erected  for  less  money  than  these 
square  boxes  giving  but  the  same  amount  of  accom- 
modation, and  which  a great  many  people  seem  to 
think  it  is  necessary  to  build  if  they  would  do  so  cheaply. 

Usually  too  little  attention  has  been  paid  to  roofs 
and  chimneys  of  houses,  and  they  appear  to  have  been 
treated  as  necessary  evils,  instead  of  their  being  made, 
as  they  should  be,  both  useful  and  ornamental.  A flat 
roof  for  this  climate  can  hardly  be  called  useful,  as 
the  action  of  the  heat  and  cold  on  it  will  be  more  than 
likely  to  open  the  seams  of  the  flat  roof,  and  the  force 
of  a sudden  shower  will  find  its  way  through,  sadly  to 
the  detriment  of  the  interior  decoration,  as  well  as  to 
the  comfort  and  the  commendable  equability  of  temper 
of  the  inmates.  In  our  northern  climate  we  should 
have  steep  roofs,  so  as  to  readily  shed  the  heavy  rains 
and  snows,  and  we  think  this  cottage  is  well  protected 
in  this  respect — -the  floor  plans,  we  think,  need  very 
little  explanation,  as  they  fully  explain  themselves. 
Cost  about  $2,200. 

Simple  things  become  beautiful  and  attractive  by 
an  art  inspiration.  Interiors  and  exteriors  retain  their 
old  forms  substantially,  but  they  put  on  new  faces 
when  touched  by  the  real  artist,  who  sees  his  work 
completed  in  his  mind  when  he  begins  to  plan,  and 
so  is  enabled  to  produce  a harmony  throughout. 


Design  28 


39 


Plate  18 


p EIR'SpeC  jiVe  n/ieW 


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I 


Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliaer,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects.  New  . ork. 


HBBi 


PLATE  19. 


Design  29 — Shows  plans,  elevations  and  perspective  view  of  a tasty  little  cottage  of  six  rooms,  with 
necessary  conveniences  to  make  a comfortable  and  attractive  home.  The  first  floor  is  finished  in  ash  ; 
mantels  and  side-board  are  executed  in  ash  ; floor  in  dining-room  laid  with  yellow  pine  and  black  walnut. 
Second  floor  finished  in  white  pine  ; all  interior  wood-work  filled,  and  the  chamfers  and  cut  work  picked  out 
in  black.  Roof  slated.  Cost,  $2,300. 


RESIDENCE  OF  DWIGHT  HOTCHKISS, 

SHARON,  CONN. 

This  is  a large,  convenient  and  plain  house  ana 
well  adapted  to  the  requirements  of  a farm  residence, 
and  yet  in  a farm  house  it  would  seem  as  though  of 
all  places  this  is  the  one  where  we  should  find  large 
fire-places.  These  could  have  been  added  with  very 
little  additional  expense,  but  instead  we  have  what  the 
owner  desired,  a single  flue  and  the  walls  furred  out  to 
make  a show  of  a breast — what  we  should  call  a sham. 

Mr.  Hotchkiss  is  undoubtedly  a modest  man,  as 
when  he  erected  his  house  he  left  off  the  front  gable 
and  kept  the  front  of  the  building  unbroken,  as  he  was 
afraid  his  neighbors  would  talk  if  he  built  something 
different  from  what  they  had.  By  doing  this  Mr. 

Hotchkiss  undoubtedly  ruined  the  design  and  de- 
creased the  value  of  the  building  at  least  $500.00, 
spending  his  money  to  please  his  neighbors. 

We  have  no  doubt  but  what  the  house  will  be 
painted  white,  although  we  did  not  in  our  specifications 
call  for  it  to  be  so,  yet  it  is  in  keeping  with  the  style  of 
painting  in  the  same  locality,  and  if  there  is  anything 
to  mar  the  landscape  it  is  this  white  abomination. 

We  regret  to  say  these  things,  but  feel  as  though  to  be 
perfectly  fair  to  our  readers  we  should  state  some  of 
the  faults  in  our  designs,  and  give  our  experiences,  so 
that  people  who  intend  to  build  may  avoid  falling  into 
these  faults. 

The  veranda  is  a pleasant  feature,  and  is  very 
useful  besides  being  ornamental  ; the  sitting-room  is 
the  finest  room  in  the  house,  both  on  account  of  its 
size  and  the  view  that  is  obtained  from  it ; the  milk 
room  and  wood  shed,  which  are  necessary  appendages 
to  a house  of  this  kind,  are  located  in  the  rear  and 
are  convenient  of  access  from  the  kitchen  and  exterior, 
and  are  covered  with  a separate  roof,  being  only  one 
story  in  height.  There  is  a cellar  under  the  whole 
house  built  of  stone  found  on  the  ground.  Cost 
$2,900. 

Some  people  will  procure  plans  and  specifications 
and  then  set  their  builder  to  work,  being  too  parsi- 
monious to  furnish  him  with  details  of  construction  to 
enable  him  to  properly  carryout  the  design,  and  which 
is  a very  important  matter,  as  what  is  the  use  of  getting 
a good  design  if  it  is  not  to  be  carried  out.  Several 
such  cases  have  come  under  our  notice,  and  in  some 
instances  the  builders  have  obtained  details  and  paid 
for  them,  but  it  is  generally  the  other  kind  of  builders 
who  get  such  work,  and  they  are  apt  to  estimate  with 
much  more  liberal  figures  when  they  can  carry  out  the 
designs  as  they  please.  One  case  of  this  kind  in 
particular  came  under  our  notice,  and  after  the  build- 
ing was  completed  it  did  not  represent  the  drawings  in  any  particular 
except  the  general  form,  the  design  being  fearfully  butchered  and 
the  detail  all  changed  by  the  builder,  who  in  some  instances  got 
the  owner’s  sanction  to  dtaugg,  persuading  him  that  what  he  was 


going  to  do  would  be  better  and  would  cost  him,  the  builder, 
more,  but  that  he  would  make  no  charge  to  the  owner.  The  house 
which  cost  him  $1,800,  would  have  been  worth  $500  more  had  the 
design  been  properly  executed. 


■r^aix  v oraWeas 


Design  29 


41 


PLATE  i9.  \ 


PJ^dnj  eLcN/Apa 


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PI  A Z Z /\ 


ELLA T_  riTLT. 


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scaLe  — I—1 — I — I — (- 


Le\/at 


Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York, 


PLATE  20.  ’ 


Design  30 — Is  a pair  of  six-room  cottages,  designed  for  a workingman  having  a lot  in  the  city  and  wish- 
ing to  put  up  a house  suitable  for  himself  and  another  member  of  his  family,  at  a reasonable  expense.  Cost, 
$1,350  a side. 


RESIDENCE  OF  N.  CARPENTER,  STERLING, 

ILL. 

The  rear  extension  of  this  house  was  the  previous 
residence  of  Mr.  Carpenter,  containing  but  two  rooms, 
and  was  put  in  the  present  position  to  answer  the  purpose 
of  kitchen  and  pantries — the  roof,  etc.,  being  entirely 
new  to  correspond  with  the  new  house. 

The  rooms  on  the  first  floor  have  all  open  fire-places, 
each  being  provided  with  a neat  ash  mantel.  The  library 
is  an  excellent  room,  with  good  front  and  side  views,  and 
the  veranda  is  reached  in  an  easy  manner  by  windows  from 
this  room,  making  it  a pleasant  retreat  in  hot  weather. 

There  is  a variety  of  outline  in  the  exterior  of  this 
house,  which  cannot  fail  to  give  a picturesque  and'  pleas- 
ing appearance  to  the  whole.  The  chamber  above  library 
projects  slightly  beyond  the  face  of  the  octagon  bay,  and 
the  peculiar  manner  in  which  the  sides  are  supported  is 
odd,  but  gives  the  appearance  of  stability  and  firmness, 
the  construction  being  perfectly  sound. 

The  upper  sashes  are  filled  with  stained  glass,  all 
round  the  sash  being  very  small  lights  of  different  colored 
glass,  and  the  center  light  has  the  figure  of  a flower  in 
white  on  blue  ground.  This  manner  of  treating  windows 
must  be  seen  to  be  appreciated  ; and  no  blinds  are  used 
except  on  the  lower  sash,  and  when  the  blinds  are  closed 
it  gives  a mellow  tone  to  the  light  of  the  interior. 

The  back  hall  is  reached  by  side  porch,  and  the  bath- 
room is  placed  so  that  anyone  coming  into  the  house 
can  step  into  bath-room,  and  prepare  their  toilet  before 
entering  the  main  house  ; the  second  story  rooms  are  full 
height;  and  there  is  a well-lighted  attic  above.  A laundry 
is  provided  in  the  cellar  ; also  provision  is  made  for  the 
storage  of  fuel,  etc.  Cost,  $2,500. 

There  are  no  blinds  on  this  house,  and  we  should 
like  to  know  of  what  use  they  are.  To  our  mind,  they  are 
neither  useful  or  ornamental.  They  are  forever  rattling 
on  the  outside,  and  always  in  the  way  of  curtains  on  the 
inside,  and  where  we  have  mullion  windows,  they  must  be 
kept  closed  or  they  are  in  the  way;  and  if  we  use  outside 
blinds,  they  are  forever  in  the  way  of  adding  a bit  of 
detail  here,  and  a hood  or  a balcony  there,  which  would 
add  greatly  to  the  effect  of  the  whole.  The  only  blinds 
that  are  fit  for  use  are  rolling  Venetian  blinds  ; they  slide 
up  and  down,  and  are  out  of  the  way,  and  will  cover  the 
whole  or  a part  of  the  window,  as  required  ; but  these  are 
a little  more  expensive,  you  say,  than  ordinary  inside 
blmds,  but  we  can  find  a substitute  which  is  equally  as 
good — we  can  make  a shade  of  heavy  cloth,  to  roll  up  by 
pulling  a cord — or,  better  still,  slide  it  with  rings  on  a bar. 

These  shades  should  fit  the  window,  and  hang' flat  and 
straight,  or  nearly  so.  The  material  may  be  cheap  and 
coarse,  and  offers  an  excellent  opportunity  for  embroidery, 
where  it  would  show  to  good  advantage.  Rich  browns  are  the  most 
available  colors,  which  might  be  either  coarse  jute  cloth  or  burlaps. 
Then  there  is  an  endless  variety  of  materials  which  ma\r  be  used,  ac- 


cording to  taste  and  depth  of  pocket.  Blinds  can  be  better  left  off, 
and  replaced  by  something  which  will  be  far  more  pleasing  to  the  eye, 
and  serve  the  same  purpose. 


1 Design  80. 


43 


Plate  20 


Copyright,  18S8,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


44 


PLATE  21. 


Design  31 — Shows  plans,  elevations,  and  perspective  view  of  a neat,  square  cottage  house,  of  eight 
rooms,  suitable  for  erection  in  almost  any  location,  and  makes  a very  attractive  house  with  a good  amount 
of  room  and  conveniences.  Cost,  $1,950. 


RESIDENCE  OF  W.  COE,  STRATFORD,  CONN. 


In  the  plans  of  almost  every  house  there  is  more  or 
less  to  commend  or  condemn.  Some  of  course  are  much 
nearer  perfection  than  others.  When  a plan  takes  such  a 
form  that  it  will  answer  in  many  places  for  exactly  the 
same  purpose,  we  may  with  truth  call  it  a model  ; and  in 
this  case  we  think  we  may  be  justified  in  calling  this  a 
model  farm  house.  The  rooms  are  all  of  good  capacity 
and  conveniently  arranged,  and  the  principal  rooms  have 
ah  open  fire-place  ; sliding  doors  are  placed  so  that  the 
parlor,  sitting-room  and  hall  can  be  thrown  together  on 
special  occasions,  a feature  which  is  always  appreciated. 

The  dining-room  is  reached  from  kitchen  through 
lobby,  which  is  fitted  up  with  press  and  drawers.  In  this 
way  two  doors  are  between  kitchen  and  dining-room  and 
hall,  so  that  the  fumes  of  the  kitchen  are  kept  out  of  the 
main  house. 

The  hall  is  wide  and  spacious,  and  gives  a stranger 
on  entering  an  idea  of  hospitality  ; the  spacious  veranda 
gives  ample  space  for  the  occupants  to  enjoy  nature,  and 
at  the  same  time  be  suitably  protected  from  the  glare  of 
the  sun. 

The  main  house  has  two  full  and  high  stories,  and  a 
high  attic,  in  which  good  rooms  can  be  obtained  should 
it  be  necessary.  This  house  has  the  conveniences  that 
are  usually  to  be  had  in  the  country  ; the  bay  window  is  a 
nice  feature..  In  fact,  it  is  a model  home  for  the  farmer, 
and  a splendid  house  for  the  amount  of  money  expend- 
ed, viz.,  $2,406,  for  everything  complete  except  cellar 
walls,  which  were  built  by  owner  with  stone  on  the  ground. 

In  looking  over  this  design,  it  will  seem  hard  to  be- 
lieve the  fact  that  we  had  great  difficulty  in  persuading 
our  client  not  to  alter  the  exterior  design.  He  wanted 
a flatter  roof  and  box  cornice  ; in  fact,  a house  just  after 
the  same  idea  as  others  in  his  locality.  We  asked  him 
to  investigate,  and  see  for  himself  how  houses  were  being 
built,  and  see  what  they  looked  like  ; and  we  requested 
him  to  examine  a house  recently  built,  no  larger  than  his 
which  cost  nearly  $10,000,  which  in  some  respects  was 
treated  similar  to  his.  After  he  had  examined  and 
studied  the  work  that  was  being  done,  he  was  convinced 
that  we  were  right,  and  that  his  objections  were  the  re- 
sult of  ignorance  on  the  subject.  It  is  just  this  want  of 
knowledge  that  we  have  to  contend  with  every  day. 

Having  occasion  to  be  in  Stratford  a few  days  ago, 
we  observed  that  this  house  was  being  painted  entirely 
different  from  what  we  specified  it  to  be.  The  prevailing 
color  was  white,  with  dark  trimmings,  chamfered  work  in 
gables,  etc. , being  white;  and,  in  fact,  the  whole  effect 
was  spoiled.  The  colors  specified  were  : for  clap- 

boards, light  sage;  corner-boards,  bands,  etc.,  buff; 
chamfers  and  cut  work,  black  ; but  were  entirely  disregarded, 
is  what  we  call  consulting  a physician,  and  then  taking  our 
some  one  else’s  physic. 


I 


| DESIGN  31. 

45 

Plate  21*  | 

6 

IT 

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sitDE.  e-Le:\Aly  i'on)- 


Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


PLATE  22. 


Design  32 — Is  illustrated  by  plans,  elevations,  and  perspective  view.  This  design  is  a very  handsome 
cottage  of  seven  rooms,  with  the  necessary  conveniences,  the  interior  to  be  finished  in  good  style.  The 
walls,  up  to  first  story  window-sills,  are  of  brick,  faced  with  North  Haven  brick  of  even  color,  relieved  with 
bands  of  black  brick — the  red  brick  laid  in  red  mortar,  and  the  black  brick  in  black  mortar ; roofs  slated, 
ridge  of  terra  cotta.  Cost,  $2,900. 


FIRST  FLOOR  PLAN. 


SECOND  FLOOR  PLAN. 


RESIDENCE  OF  F.  EGGE,  SEASIDE  PARK,  BRIDGE- 
PORT, CONN. 

1 

This  is  the  most  charming  cottage  we  have  ever  seen,  and  a 
great  many  people  have  said  this  ; it  is  also  our  model  six-room  cot- 
tage. Contains  all  the  modern  improvements  and  conveniences,  at 
a moderate  price. 

The  underpinning  is  laid  with  red  brick  of  even  color,  and  trim- 
med with  bands  of  black  brick  and  tile.  These  brick  are  laid  in  red 
and  black  mortar.  It  will  also  be  seen  that  the  underpinning  extends 
up  to  first  story  window-sill  and  the  window-sill  and  water-table  are 
one,  which  is  thought  by  some  to  be  an  odd  feature.  The  roofs 
are  slated  with  the  best  black  slate,  with  chipped  corners,  making  a 
very  handsome  roof. 

The  interior  is  the  main  object  of  consideration,  and  is  simply 
elegant,  and  it  is  in  correct  keeping  with,  a greater  refinement  of  taste 
and  a higher  degree  of  aesthetic  culture,  than  anything  we  know  of 
in  this  part  ; and  while  it  requires  a boldness  to  assert  an  honest  pref- 
erence for  pine  or  ash,  finished  in  their  natural  colors,  over  the 
futile  attempts  of  imitating  walnut — as  the  crowning  boast  has  been 
all  black  walnut — in  this  case  the  whole  of  the  inside  work  is  finished 
in  natural  wood,  being  filled.  The  pine  is  equal  to  maple,  and  black 
walnut  is  cheap  in  comparison  with  it.  There  are  no  mouldings  or 
paint,  on  the  interior,  the  doors  and  architraves  are  finished  as  shown 
in  view  of  living-room,  the  chamfers,  sunk  work,  etc.,  being  picked 
out  in  black.  The  mantles  are  of  ash,  also  the  side-board,  with 
black  chamfers,  etc  , the  fire-places  being  built  of  buff  brick,  with 
moulded  jambs.  The  toilet  and  bath-rooms  are  finished  in  ash. 

The  stained-glass  work  introduced  in  all  the  windows  above  the 


transom  is  a new  feature  for  this  part,  and  one  which  is  to  become 
very  popular  in  all  domestic  buildings  from  this  time  forward. 

Such  houses,  erected  in  the  suburbs  of  our  cities,  would  add  very 
much  to  the  value  of  the  ground  they  stand  on,  and  pay  a handsome 
rate  of  interest  on  their  cost,  better  than  any  other  class  of  building 
investments,  as  the  supply  falls  far  short  of  the  demand.  Business 
men  -and  others  wishing  to  reside  out  of  the  city  need  just  such 
a home  as  this,  and  we  wonder  capitalists  and  real  estate  owners  do 
not  make  money  for  themselves  and  others  by  erecting  such  tasteful, 
yet  inexpensive,  suburban  homes. 

In  former  times  a house  like  this  would  be  painted  white,  but  we 
are  glad  to  say  that  much  improvement  has  of  late  been  made  in  this 
respect  ; but  unfortunately  this  taste  for  white,  to  a certain  extent, 
still  exists.  It  requires  a nice  and  cultivated  eye  to  determine  the 
colors  most  appropriate  and  effective  for  the  exterior  of  a house, 
and  depends  entirely  on  its  size,  form,  style,  etc.  A good  design 
may  be  entirely  spoiled  by  the  colors  used  in  painting,  and  the  beauty 
of  the  landscape  is  often  marred  by  a white  house  ivith  green  blinds. 
This  cottage  is  painted  a warm  red,  the  trimmings  being  darker  than 
the  ground  work,  and  the  chamfers  and  sunk  work  are  picked  out  in 
black  ; the  sashes  are  painted  a dark  yellow,  giving  the  whole  a most 
striking  and  effective  appearance. 

The  story  of  the  beauty  of  this  cottage  has  been  noised  far  and 
wide,  and  hundreds  of  peonle  have  visited  it — some  who  were  in- 
tending to  build  have  come  a hundred  miles  to  see  it  and  consult  us. 
Such  cottages  as  this  are  the  stimuli  that  is  to  work  a revolution  in 
domestic  architecture,  and  sweep  away  everything  that  is  ugly  and 
pernicious  to  the  eye  of  the  cultivated. 

A builder,  who  came  from  the  country  about  one  hundred  miles, 
was  incredulous  when  told  the  interior  of  the  wood-work  was  pine, 


47 


Plate  22 


I DESIGN  32. 

i 


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1 jh 

Copyright,  iono  ’—  ’’-’’iser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


1 


L. 


48 


PLATE  2 3 . 

Design  33 — Gives  plans,  elevations  and  perspective  view  of  a Southern  cottage  of  eight  rooms,  which, 
with  some  slight  changes,  is  suitable  for  erection  in  almost  any  part  of  the  country,  and  is  a very  attractive 
and  convenient  house  at  a very  reasonable  price.  Cost,  $1,500. 


VIEW  OF  F.  EGGE’S  COTTAGE. 


LIVING-ROOM. 


and  he  immediately  bet  a hat  it  was  maple,  and  left  it  to  us 
to  decide,  and  lost. 

An  Englishman  on  first  seeing  it  exclaimed  : “It’s  a nice 
’ouse  ! It  would  make  a nice  ’ome  for  hany  man.” 

It  is  the  cottage  par-excellence,  and  possesses  a beauty 
far  beyond  the  houses  generally  seen  belonging  to  persons  much 
higher  in  the  social  scale,  and  has  been  coveted  by  those  who 
could  purchase  it  fifty  times  over. 

The  whole  of  the  work  and  materials  are  first-class  in 
every  respect.  Cost  $2,775. 

When  this  cottage  was  being  designed  the  owner  did  not 
dictate  to  us  how  we  should  place  the  rooms,  or  how  the  exte- 
rior or  interior  should  be,  but  left  it  entirely  to  us — and,  there- 
fore, he  has  something  to  his  and  everyone’s  liking. 

A house  of  effective  design  and  convenient  and  artistic 
interior  will  add,  independently  of  its  cost,  to  the  value  of  the 
property  which  surrounds  it,  and  is  often  what  secures  the  pur- 
chaser. And  it  is  the  same  with  houses  to  rent.  We  have 
known  houses  of  the  same  cost  have  a difference  in  rental  of 
fifty  per  cent,  simply  because  one  was  built  without  regard  to 
taste,  comfort  and  convenience,  and  the  other  thoroughly  de- 
signed by  an  experienced  architect. 

A thing  of  beauty  is  a joy  forever. 

Mr.  Egge  sold  this  cottage  at  a very  handsome  profit 
and  we  have  planned  him  a larger  house  which  he  has  built 
on  Park  ave.,  Bridgeport,  Conn. 


, . __ 

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UJA]H., 


Design  33. 


Plate  23. 


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Copyright,  i888,  by  Paliiser,  Pa.'liser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York, 


PLATE  24 


Design  34 — Shows  plans  and  elevations  of  a handsome  cottage.  The  rooms  are  large,  well  lighted, 
and  conveniently  arranged.  The  mantels,  sideboard,  and  book-case  are  designed  to  be  of  ash  ; all  interior 
finish  of  white  pine — no  mouldings — finished  in  natural  color.  The  piazza  is  very  spacious,  and  is  an  attrac- 
tive feature  in  the  design.  Cost,  $3,000. 


RESIDENCE  OF  REV.  DR.  MARBLE,  NEW- 
TOWN, CONN. 


This  house  commands  a particularly  fine  view 
from  both  sides  and  the  front,  and  is  situated  in  one 
of  the  pleasantest  country  towns  in  New  England,  the 
hotels  of  this  town  being  crowded  during  the  summer 
months  with  people  from  the  cities. 

The.  exterior  design  is  plain,  yet  picturesque, 
and  at  once  gives  one  an  idea  of  ease  and  comfort. 
The  roofing  over  the  hall  and  sitting  room  is  a 
particularly  fine  feature,  and  the  elevation  of  the 
rear  is  very  striking,  the  roof  over  porch  being  a part 
of  the  main  roof. 

The  interior  arrangements  are  very  nice,  the 
hall  being  spacious,  and  in  it  we  have  an  easy  and 
handsome  staircase  of  plain  design,  constructed  of 
Georgia  pine;  the  newel  extends  up  to  ceiling  of  first 
floor,  while  the  other  two  posts  extend  up  to  ceiling 
of  second  floor.  In  all  country  houses  one  of  the 
first  things  to  be  aimed  at  is  to  secure  ample  stair- 
cases, and  until  a man  can  afford  space  for  an  easy 
ascent  to  a second  floor  he  should  stay  below  ; and 
to-day  we  find  in  houses  where  there  is  no  necessity 
for  it,  stairs  that  are  little  better  than  step-ladders, 
making  a pretence  of  breadth  at  the  bottom  with 
swelled  steps,  and  winding  the  steps  on  approaching 
the  floor  above  thus  making  a trap  for  the  old  and 
for  the  children. 

The  corner  fire-place  between  parlor  and  din- 
ing-room, is  a feature  we  indulge  in  to  a great  extent 
in  these  days  of  economy,  sliding-doors  and  fire- 
places, although  we  sometimes  have  clients  who  ob- 
ject to  this,  thinking  it  would  not  look  as  well  as 
when  placed  in  center  of  side  wall ; but  when  they 
are  asked  how  this  and  that  can  be  provided  for 
with  the  best  and  most  economical  results,  they 
readily  give  in. 

There  is  no  water-closet  in  the  house,  but  an 
earth-closet  is  provided  in  the  rear  hall,  which  is 
thoroughly  ventilated. 

The  dining-room  is  a very  cheerful  room,  and 
the  kitchen  is  reached  through  a passage  also  con- 
necting with  side  veranda.  The  pantry  is  lighted 
with  a window  placed  above  press  ; each  fire-place  is 
furnished  with  a neat  hard-wood  mantel,  and  the 
hall  is  finished  in  Georgia  pine,  the  floor  being  laid 
with  this  material,  and  finished  in  natural  color. 

The  exterior  is  painted  as  follows  : Ground, 

light  slate  ; trimmings,  buff  ; and  chamfers,  black. 
Cost,  $2,925. 

The  sight  of  this  house  in  the  locality  in  which 
it  is  built  is  very  refreshing,  and  is  greatly  in  ad- 
vance of  the  old  styles  of  rural  box  architecture  to 
be  found  there.  When  people  see  beautiful  things 
they  very  naturally  covet  them,  and  they  grow  dis- 
contented in  the  possession  of  ugliness.  Handsome 
houses,  other  things  equal,  are  always  the  most 
valuable.  They  sell  the  quickest  and  for  the  most 
money.  Builders  who  feign  a blindness  to  beauty 
must  come  to  grief. 


t 


I DESTGN  34. 


Plate  24.  1 


— rRnivJT  e.Le.n/aj.io^- 


:ioel  eiLeln/ajip^' 


_4.. 


Copyright,  1888,  by  Falliser,  Palliser  & Co,,  Architects,  New  York. 


PLATE 


2 5- 


Design  35 — Is  a comfortable  cottage  of  nine  rooms,  with  modern  conveniences,  and  adapted  to  the  re- 
quirements of  a suburban  residence.  First  floor  to  be  finished  in  hard-wood.  Cost,  $2,800. 


1 

_ 


RESIDENCE  OF  W.  W.  WOODRUFF,  MOUNT 
CARMEL,  CONN. 

This  design  was  carried  out  by  the  owner,  Mr.  Wood- 
ruff, and  is  a very  neat  and  attractive  home,  and  as  it  was 
necessary  in  the  arranging  of  this  plan  to  obtain  the  re- 
quired amount  of  room  and  conveniences  at  a given  cost, 
the  exterior  had  to  be  very  plain  and  simple  to  allow  it. 

The  front  faces  the  west.  Thus  we  have  a south  view 
from  four  rooms  on  first  floor,  and  a front  view  from 
dining-room.  The  veranda  is  wide,  and  arranged  so  that 
a group  can  sit  out  upon  it  with  ease  ; the  hall  is  eight 
feet  wide,  with  an  easy  flight  of  platform  stairs  leading  up 
to  floor  above,  the  platform  or  landing  being  on  a level 
with  floor  over  kitchen  wing,  making  two  risers  more  up 
to  floor  in  main  house.  There  is  a cellar  under  whole 
house,  the  laundry  being  under  kitchen.  The  stairs  to 
cellar  are  placed  under  main  stairs,  and  reached  directly 
from  the  kitchen.  The  wood-shed  is  a convenient  fea- 
ture to  'all  country  houses,  and  should  always  be  con- 
nected with  kitchen  ; the  refrigerator  is  built  in  the  pantry, 
with  an  opening  into  wood-shed,  through  which  to  put  the 
ice  into  tank  ; the  connection  from  kitchen  to  dining-room 
is  through  the  large  china  closet,  which  is  fitted  up  with 
shelves,  press,  table,  etc.,  and  makes  a perfect  butler’s 
pantry.  The  parlor  and  dining-room  are  connected  by 
sliding  doors  ; the  dining  and  sitting-rooms  have  open 
fire-places,  with  hard-wood  mantels  ; the  sitting-room  has 
a hard-wood  book-case  built  into  recess  to  right  of  mantel, 
and  the  bed-room  connected  with  sitting-room  is  a good 
room,  and  provided  with  two  closets  and  stationary  wash- 
bowl. 

The  second  story  contains  four  large  chambers,  with 
an  abundance  of  closet  room,  a good  servant’s  bed-room 
over  kitchen,  and  a bath-room  ; hot  and  cold  water  is 
supplied  to  all  wash-bowls,  sink  and  bath.  There  is  also 
a large  attic  over  the  second  floor,  capable  of  being 
finished  off  into  two  or  three  rooms  if  desired,  and  yet 
have  enough  for  storage.  The  roof  is  shingled,  and  the 
exterior  walls  clapboarded  ; the  interior  finished  in  pine, 
which  is  filled  with  Crockett’s  Preservative,  the  cut  and 
incised  work  being  picked  out  in  black.  The  estimated 
cost  of  this  house  is  $3,000,  and  is  a good  example  of 
what  can  be  done  for  that  sum,  as  the  general  arrange- 
ment is  such  as  to  show  considerable  variety  on  the  exte- 
rior, producing  an  architectural  effect  only  obtained  by  the 
natural  combinations  and  workings  of  the  constructive 
part  of  the  structure  with  the  least  expenditure  of  labor 
and  detail  in  design.  This  is  one  of  the  most  attractive 
homes  for  the  amount  expended,  and  for  the  country  is  all 
that  is  desirable  in  every  respect. 


Design  35. 


53 


Plate  25.  [ 


-SECGhld  fLqo^  ■ 


Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


PLATE  26. 


Design  36 — Shows  plans,  elevations,  and  perspective  view  of  a sea-side  cottage,  and  it  will  be  seen  by 
a careful  perusal  and  study  of  the  plans  and  design,  that  it  is  well  adapted  for  a summer  residence,  and,  by 
some  slight  changes  in  plan,  could  be  made  to  suit  a Southern  clime.  Cost,  $2,600 


RESIDENCE  OF  SILAS  W.  GARDINER,  LYONS, 
IOWA. 

The  simplicity  of  plan,  and  the  simple  manner  in 
which  the  design  expresses  it,  is  fairly  shown  in  the 
picturesque  exterior  here  illustrated  ; its  constructive 
features  are  fully  represented  in  the  gables,  cresting, 
finials,  chimneys  and  porches.  The  house  stands  on  a 
brick  underpinning,  and  is  a good  example  of  one  of  the 
half-timber  and  tile  designs  of  the  Jacobite  period, 
though,  unlike  its  prototype,  shingles  cut  to  a pattern  are 
substituted  for  tiles  from  the  second  story  up.  The  first 
story  shows  what  has  the  appearance  of  a-  timber  con- 
struction, although  it  is  only  formed  in  the  ordinary 
manner  of  finishing  frame  buildings,  by  continuing  the 
belts  through  and  connecting  them  with  angle-boards, 
being  clapboarded  with  narrow  clapboards  between,  in 
the  customary  manner  -on  frame  buildings,  the  frame 
being  first  sheathed,  then  covered  with  waterproof  paper. 
The  second  story  is  arranged  so  as  to  form  a hood  over 
the  first,  being  furred  out  by  a moulded  cornice  about 
eight  inches,  at  which  the  shingles  are  curved  outwards. 
There  is  also  a similar  cornice  and  curve  at  the  head  of 
the  second  story  window  casings,  coming  out  flush  with 
the  window  casings,  which  project  six  inches,  thereby 
giving  a deep  recessed  window  on  the  inside.  The  first 
story  windows  have  stained  glass  transom  lights,  which 
are  filled  with  foliated  centers  and  gothic  borders  in  leaded 
frames,  which  lend  a charm  to  the  interior  not  otherwise 
obtainable.  The  floors  in  vestibule,  conservatory,  bath- 
room and  dining-room  are  of  ash  and  walnut  ; the  doors 
have  pine  styles  and  rails  with  butternut  panels;  architraves 
of  butternut,  with  pine  door- stops  and  jambs,  architraves 
having  cut-work,  picked  out  in  color  ; inside  blinds  of 
butternut  ; trimmings  of  real  bronze.  The  work  on 
second  story  all  pine  ; and  the  whole  of  the  wood-work 
throughout,  including  hard-wood  floors,  finished  in  natural 
color  of  the  wood  with  Crockett’s  Preservative.  The  man- 
tels are  of  hard  wood,  in  design  corresponding  with  the 
interior  finish.  The  plant  cabinet  is  placed  on  the  south 
side,  and  connecting  as  it  does  with  both  sitting-room  and 
dining-room,  makes  it  very  desirable,  and  renders  it  an 
easy  matter  to  keep  it  warm. 

The  general  plan  suggests  itself  as  being  very  eco- 
nomical, there  being  no  waste  of  room,  as  everything  is 
fully  taken  up  and  used  to  the  best  advantage.  The 
attic  room  over  kitchen  and  scullery,  will  be  found  useful 
for  storage.  The  roofs  are  shingled  and  painted  black. 
The  exterior  walls  are  painted — body  of  the  work  Venetian 
red  and  trimmed  with  Indian  red,  and  cut-work  in  black 
in  with  yellow  ; panels  under  veranda  floors  yellow, 
of  this  house  as  built  was  only  $3,000,  and  certainly  is  a 


-A-J.T-IE. 


BcTIRao^i 


Bed  R 


maLL 


HUM 


T\opK 


dJ^Tol 


ILj  Y EmjiBjasfd. 


; sash  cut 
The  cost 
model  of 


neatness,  and  a great  change  from  the  stereotyped  style  of  the 
buildings  generally  erected  in  Western  towns. 


If  a private  house  is  built  without  the  services  of  an  architect, 
it  is  the  general  and  candid  acknowledgment  afterwards,  that  a 
great  mistake  had  been  made,  and  how  many  things  could  have  been 
improved  by  the  employment  of  a skilled  man. 


Rj^LcDI\Iy 


55 


Design  36. 


Plate  26,  , 


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Copyright,  x888,  by  Palliscr,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  \ ork. 


PLATE 


Design  37 — Shows  a barn  and  stable  remodeled  and  made  into  a handsome  residence,  the  parlor,  toilet- 
room  and  piazzas  being  added.  First  floor  is  finished  in  yellow  pine  and  ash  ; floors  of  hard-wood  ; mantels 
in  parlor  and  dining-room  of  a neat  design,  executed  in  ash.  Cost,  $3,500. 


PAIR  OP  HOUSES  NEAR  NEW  HAVEN, 
CONN. 


Timev.  places  and  circumstances  nave  at  all 
periods  been  found  to  be  good  governors  of 
parries  who  have,  or  may  have  had,  real  estate 
that  they  vmrehto  improve,  and  among  the  many 
wavs  "hat  aave  yet  been  devised  to  produce  a 
large  amount  of  ro<  m at  a small  cost,  giving  the 
necessary  accommodations  to  separate  families, 
the  double  house  undoubted!"  stands  ahead  as 
far  as  economy  is  concerned ; one  let  is  thus 
made  to  do  the  duty  of  two,  one  chimney,  one 
wall  and  one  roof  doing  likewise  : and  while  we 
have  not  fully  made  up  our  minds  to  accept  the 
double-house  system  as  a sure  indication  of  the 
near  approach  of  the  millerium,  yet  we  are  will- 
ing to  accept  it  as  a nearer  approach  to  the 
attainment  oi  a home — even  though  it  man  seem 
to  be  only  half  a home — than  that  svstem.  so 
prevalent  in  our  conrtrr  at  the  present  dav,  of 
purring  one  family  on  a floor  director  over  an- 
other, the  beauties  of  which  is  a theme  poets 
never  sing  about ; and  while  the  double  house 
has  its  many  drawbacks,  such  as  the  owner  of 
one-half  painting  the  exterior  white,  and  the  other 
brown,  as  is  frequently  the  case,  plentv  of  proof 
of  which  can  be  seen  in  this  locality  ; or  one 
adding  a bay-window  and  enlarging,  while  the 
other  is  anxious  to  sell  out  on  account  of  his 
neighbor's  disposition  to  be  always  making  im- 
provements, with  which  his  pocketbook  will  not 
allow  him  to  keep  pace,  and  plenty  of  like  trouble 
in  the  same  spirit  that  we  could  enumerate,  all  of 
which  we  know  from  actual  observation  and  ex- 
perience. The  double-house  should  be  rite  pro- 
perty of  one  man,  as  then  be  can  live  in  one-half, 
and  either  rent  the  other  or  let  it  stand  empty  to 
suit  his  pleasure  : can  paint,  tear  down  and  build 
up  when  it  suits  his  fancy,  or  can  make  both 
sides  into  one  should  his  family  wants  demand  it, 
and  thus  eventually  convert  ::  into  a home  : for 
we  must  say  that  the  half  double-house  never  yet 
associated  itself  in  our  minds  other  than  as  a 
mere  stopping  place,  wherein  we  are  waiting  for 
the  home  that  is  to  be,  and  sometimes  never 
comes. 

The  design  here  illustrated  shows  a neat  and 
attractive  front,  and  which  cannot  fail  to 
please  even  the  most  fastidious  double-house 
critic,  and  if  they  are  as  numerous  all  over  our 
country  as  here,  they  are  legion.  The  halls  are 
in  the  center  of  the  building,  stairs  being  placed 
back  from  front  poors,  which  gives  a room? 
entrance — the  stairs  ::  cellar  . g meet  main 
stairs,  ana  reached  from  the  kitchen.  Each  naif 


contains  six  good  rooms,  with  bath-room,  dress- 
ing-room, pantry,  closets,  etc.,  with  a large  attic  over  the  whole, 
which  is  divided  by  cente-  wall  running  up  to  roof.  The  frame  is  a 
balloon,  sheathed  and  dapboarded  ; roof,  shingled  on  lath ; under- 
pinning c:  brick  ; inside  blinds  to  bay-windows,  outside  blinds  else- 


where. except  cellar  and  dormer.  That  it  is  accomplishing  consider- 
able for  a small  equivalent  is  fully  seen,  when  such  a house  as  this  is 
erected  in  a first-class  manner,  with  all  the  improvements,  for  the 
sum  of  $3,000. 


-PTR5T.  , FLOOR  — 


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» nr  ' v *u 

SCALE.  puLluiJ]  | ^ 


2S* 

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Plate  27- 

r 


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Design  37. 


■^ECDIsirD  F L □ □ R 


--  f-RPdy  7 eLeVaJI  □ iP 


I DEI-  ElLe7^~|~IDI^ 


Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  &.  Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


>\  i 


wm 


58 


IDE 


PLATE  28. 


Design  38 — Shows  plans  and  view  in  elevation  of  a block  of  four  brick  and  bay  window  houses,  of  nine 
rooms  each,  in  Queen  Anne  style  of  architecture.  Cost,  $2,400  each. 


RESIDENCE  OF  A COUNTRY  PHYSICIAN. 


Within  a radius  of  fifty  miles  from  this  point,  taking 
as  a center  the  present  position  of  the  pen,  there  lives  a 
doctor,  one  of  those  men  who  it  is  necessary  to  call  in  at 
stated  times  to  help  us  gather  our  scattered  roses  ; or 
when,  at  certain  periods,  it  is  strictly  necessary  to  have 
him  to  stand  by  as  a good  friend,  tried  and  true,  one  who 
never  looks  into  the  regions  of  grim  despair,  but  is  ever 
ready  to  lift  us  up  into  the  light  of  restoring  hope  ; in  fact, 
one  of  Nature’s  noblemen,  who  we  learn  to  look  up  to  in 
our  childish  faith  when  the  aches  and  pains  are  racking 
our  weary  heads.  Such  an  one  was  our  doctor.  He  owned 
a lot ; it  was  a good  large  one,  not  the  city  lot,  25x100 — 
which  is  hardly  large  enough  to  breathe  in — but  a two-acre 
lot.  This  had  a frontage  of  150  feet  on  the  south,  there- 
by giving  ample  room  for  the  well-kept  lawn,  whereon  the 
doctor  intended  to  take  some  muscular  exercise  during 
the  spring  and  summer  months  in  toying  with  the  lawn 
mower.  The  doctor  did  not  want  a large  house,  but  a 
good,  plain,  country  house  wherein  his  family  could  live 
and  he  could  pursue  his  daily  avocation,  as  far  as  his 
business  went,  without  interfering  with  the  privacy  of  his 
home.  He  must  have  the  following  rooms  on  first  floor  : 
parlor,  sitting-room,  dining-room  and  kitchen,  with  all  nec- 
essary closets  and  other  conveniences,  front  and  back 
stairs,  a reception-room  for  patients,  a consultation-room 
and  a laboratory  ; a drive  porch  for  every-day  use,  and 
a spacious  front  porch  and  front  veranda  if  it  could  be 
done.  He  must  be  able  to  pass  in  at  any  door  and  out 
at  the  other  without  disturbing  any  part  of  the  house.  All 
rooms  on  first  floor  to  have  open  fire-places,  and  as  many 
on  the  second  floor  as  possible  ; five  good  bed-rooms, 
bath-room,  plenty  of  closets.  Cellar  under  the  whole 
house  and  laundry  under  kitchen.  The  matter  of  drain- 
age to  be  properly  arranged,  and  there  being  a running 
stream  in  the  rear  of  lot,  the  doctor  congratulated  him- 
self that  he  would  not  live  on  sewer  gas.  Yet  the  drains 
must  be  well  ventilated  and  a trap  placed  in  main  pipe 
just  clear  of  the  house.  This,  the  doctor  said,  if  good 
for  nothing  else,  would  keep  the  rats  from  entering  the 
house  by  the  drains.  The  house  to  be  heated  by  steam 
heater  placed  in  the  cellar,  the  necessary  provisions  for 
which  were  to  be  made,  together  with  store  and  vege- 
table cellars,  coal  and  wood  and  a water-closet,  which 
must  be  ventilated  into  one  of  the  chimney  flues,  and  also 
have  an  outside  window.  All  the  above  are  embodied  in 
the  design  with  the  exception  of  sitting-room,  which,  at 
the  specified  price,  could  not  be  done,  so  we  made  the 
front  hall  into  a sitting-room,  which  the  doctor  says  is 
truly  beautiful,  and  the  best  and  most  useful  room  in  the 
house.  Here  is  the  open  fire-place  wherein  the  wood  fire 
glows  cheerfully  upon  the  hearth,  and  round  which  it  is 
so  pleasant  to  gather.  The  mantel  is  built  of  wood, 

with  a large  hood  over  it  and  a clock  built  in  it.  The 
walls  are  wainscoted,  ceiling  finished  in  wood,  giving  an  old-time  wel- 
come and  an  hospitable  appearance  to  those  coming  in  to  visit  the 
family,  and  that  which  should  be  felt  on  entering  any  house  no  matter 
how  humble  it  may  be.  The  staircase  is  of  ash,  and  well-lighted 
from  above  through  a stained-glass  window  in  roof,  which  gives  a 
mellow  light  to  the  rear  of  hall.  The  entire  finish  of  hall,  parlor  and 
dining-room  is  in  ash,  the  balance  being  in  pine,  and  all  finished  in 
its  natural  color  and  beauty.  The  doctor  said  he  wanted  no  paint, 
no  graining,  but  his  pine  was  to  be  pine— his  ash,  ash.  No  deception 
was  to  be  put  in  this  house  and  he  has  got  none.  Here  our  doctor 


Design  38. 


59 


Plate  28.  | 


JSECDfJio.  fLao^  pLAf4 -yJiRn  fLoa^  pLANl  — 


S*  j'z  /<>' 

s^u  fufini} 


S’ 

I 


/0  /<T  to  ' 


Of  fETETJ 


•GLE'V  A TION 


Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architect,  New  York. 


PLATE  29. 


Design  39 — Illustrates  a pair  of  compact  and  convenient  Cottages,  of  seven  rooms  each,  suitable  for 
either  city  or  country  ; would  make  a splendid  country  farmhouse,  for  a farmer  and  his  son  to  reside  to- 
gether, and  yet  have  separate  homes.  Cost,  $1,200  each. 


PAIR  OF  HOUSES  AT  BRIDGEPORT,  CONN. 

These  houses  are  built  on  an  odd-shaped  lot, 
thus  giving  us  an  opportunity  to  design  two  houses 
adjoining  and  yet  independent  and  separate  from  each 
other.  The  entrances  are  entirely  separate  from  each 
other,  while  they  occupy  the  same  relative  position  to 
each  house.  Under  each  front  porch  there  is  an 
entrance  into  basement,  which  in  the  rear  is  entirely 
out  of  ground.  In  this  basement,  on  the  front,  is  a 
large  dining-room  and  on  the  rear  a kitchen,  with  pantry 
and  china  closet  between.  There  is  a cellar  under 
basement  for  heating  purposes,  fuel,  etc. 

By  a careful  study  it  will  be  seen  that  these  houses 
are  extremely  simple  in  the  arrangement  of  the  rooms. 
In  fact,  it  bears  out  this  idea  of  simplicity  all  through. 
The  rooms  on  the  first  floor  are  large,  and  arranged  to 
make  a good  disposition  of  furniture.  On  the  second 
floor  the  dressing-room  over  hall  can  be  used  as  a 
child’s  bed-room  in  connection  with  the  family  chamber, 
being  connected  with  each  other  by  means  of  a sliding- 
door.  A room  is  provided  in  attic  for  servant. 

The  interior,  finished  throughout,  is  in  a plain, 
neat  style  ; mantels  of  hard-wood  ; and  altogether 
they  are  very  desirable  dwellings,  which  cannot  fail  to 
rent  readily,  and  pay  agood  interest  on  the  outlay. 

The  whole  effect  of  the  building  is  very  happy. 
The  shadows,  which  go  far  to  produce  a fine  effect,  in 
this  case  lend  themselves  to  the  whole  in  a pleasing 
manner.  Cost  $3,350. 

It  is  astonishing  what  a number  of  people  will 
commence  building,  and  plan  their  houses  as  the  work 
progresses,  which  is  probably  one  of  the  worst  ways 
of  conducting  one’s  building  affairs  ; and  a case  came 
to  our  notice  a short  time  ago  which  illustrates  some 
of  the  disadvantages  of  building  in  this  way.  A gentle- 
man, two  thousand  miles  from  us,  went  to  work  to  build 
his  house  ; got  the  cellar  up  and  ready  for  frame,  but 
when  he  came  to  plan  the  first  floor,  there  were  many 
things  he  did  not  know  how  to  arrange  so  as  to  have 
them  satisfactory.  There  were  fire-places  to  get  in, 
sliding-doors,  stairs,  etc.,  which  puzzled  his  brain  no 
small  amount,  and  he  finally  gave  it  up,  after  spending 
considerable  time  and  study  on  it  ; sent  on  to  us  for 
full  drawings,  details  and  specifications — sending  his 
sketches,  and  informing  us  what  he  wanted.  We  com- 
prehended his  wrants  in  a few  moments,  and  by  our  long 
practice  were  enabled  to  make  the  desired  arrangement 
which  the  amateur  could  not  find  by  long  study.  This 
gentleman  says  if  he  had  cairied  on  his  building  with- 
out our  assistance,  he  would  have  made  a bungling 
mess  of  it,  but  now  he  has  the  most  picturesque  and 
convenient  home  in  the  town,  and  that  he  is  not  an 
architect,  and  never  could  be. 


61 


Plate  29. 


[ Design  39. 

* 4- — — - 


pa^Ld 


BOD  no  DM 


6E0  noOM 


HIM  5 


9' 

— 

r 

-f 

~h 

~r 

ElElv/Ajia^ 


SIDE  ELE 


^T- 


ION 


I 


Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


PLATE 


30. 


Design  40 — Shows  plans,  elevations  and  perspective  view  of  a country  House,  containing  eleven  rooms, 
large  attic,  cellar  under  whole  house,  having  laundry,  etc.,  designed  to  be  finished  in  a plain  manner.  Cost, 
$3,200.  (See  specifications,  latter  part  of  book.) 


3 


RESIDENCE  OF  FRANK  H.  UNDERWOOD, 
TOLLAND,  CONN. 

This  country  residence  embraces  many  novel  and  good 
features  of  exterior  variety  and  interior  compactness  and 
convenience.  The  workmanship  and  material  throughout 
have  been  of  the  best  description,  the  materials  being  pur- 
chased by  the  owner  and  the  work  done  by  the  day,  and  no 
pains  have  been  spared  to  make  it  first-class  in  every  respect. 

The  interlbr  arrangement  is  very  complete  and  unique, 
the  hall  being  finished  in  oak,  parlor  in  maple,  library  and 
dining-room  in  ash,  all  the  fire-places  having  hard-wood 
mantels  of  handsome  design.  The  conservatory  is  a pleas- 
ing feature  of  the  first  floor  plan,  and  is  accessible  from  the 
dining-room  through  a casement  window  ; access  is  also 
obtained  in  like  manner  to  porch  in  rear  of  dining-room. 
A clothes-shute  is  arranged  from  second  floor  to  soiled 
clothes-closet  in  laundry,  an  arrangement  that  is  appre- 
ciated by  every  housekeeper. 

Stained  glass  is  used  in  all  the  windows  above  transoms. 
Roofs  are  slated  and  ridges  covered  with  red  terra-cotta 
cresting.  The  interior  wood-work  is  filled  with  Crockett’s 
Preservative.  The  heating  is  done  by  indirect  radiation, 
steam  being  brought  into  cellar  from  the  Underwood  Belting 
Company’s  factory.  Cost  about  $4,500. 

The  cost  of  a house  is  the  one  thing  desirable.  Every 
one  asks  what  this  and  that  will  cost,  and  a great  many  people 
who  have  started  out  to  build  without  first  ascertaining  what 
their  building  would  cost,  have  been  very  much  deceived 
when  all  the  bills  have  been  received  and  the  amount 
aggregated.  We  know  of  one  instance  where  a gentleman, 
some  years  ago,  was  erecting  a large  residence  by  the  day, 
and  did  not  have  any  idea  when  he  commenced  what  it  was 
likely  to  cost;  and  long  before  the  structure  was  completed 
he  had  paid  out  over  $30,000,  and  was  so  disgusted  with 
it  that  he  would  not  keep  any  further  account  ; and  to-day 
this  house  which  cost  so  much  money  could  be  duplicated 
for  $10,000.  This  is  what  we  call  bad  management.  How- 
ever, as  times  are  at  present  there  is  likely  to  be  but  very 
little  of  such. 

It  is  reasonable  to  suppose  that  anyone  without  build- 
ing experience,  who  undertakes  the  erection  of  a building 
in  this  way — unless  there  are  special  circumstances  governing 
the  case — will  have  to  pay  for  the  knowledge  he  will  gain. 
A business  man  wants  to  know,  after  his  ideas  are  put  into  a 
tangible  form,  how  much  all  this  will  cost  in  dollars  and 
cents,  without  any  extras  or  additional  charges  whatsoever, 
and  it  is  right  and  proper  that  everyone  should  look 
through  all  the  links  and  complications  that  require  the  ex- 
penditure of  a considerable  sum  of  money.  And  no  one 
who  starts  out  with  the  intention  of  spending  $4,000  in  the 
erection  of  a dwelling,  and  winds  up  with  three  times  that 
amount,  will  be  likely  to  think  they  have  used  much  judg- 
ment, and  will  try  and  shift  the  blame  on  some  one  else. 
But  it  is  one  of  those  things  that  time  will  place  where  it  be- 
longs. A building  will  vary  in  cost  of  construction  accord- 
ing to  locality,  and  will  also  depend  greatly  on  the  business 
management. 


flf\5T  fLo  □ B, 


2ND 

f Lon  if 


63 


_L.  ESIGN  40. 


Plate  30. 


■i 


< 


64 


PLATE  31. 

Design  41 — Illustrates  a cottage  house,  of  seven  rooms,  designed  for  erection  in  the  country.  We  give 
elevations  in  two  different  styles  of  architecture,  suited  to  entirely  different  locations  ; in  this  we  wish  to  show 
how  different  designs  can  be  adapted  to  the  same  plan  in  a satisfactory  manner,  and  they  are  intended  to  be- 
come a part  of,  and  be  in  harmony  with  the  acres  that  surround  them. 

The  rooms  are  conveniently  arranged,  but  could  be  differently  disposed  to  suit  anyone’s  ideas,  and  still 
the  same  or  either  of  the  designs  carried  out,  as  could  also  any  of  the  plans  given  in  this  work,  and  the  site 
has  much  to  do  with  the  arrangement  of  rooms,  which  we  can  readily  adapted  to  different  requirements.  Cost, 
$3,100. 


Where  parties  have  their  work  executed  by  the  day  instead  of  by 
contract  they  will  evidently  save  money,  provided  they  are  good  man- 
agers, and  have  some  one  on  the  works  to  drive  the  men  that  are  en- 
gaged, as  it  is  well  known  by  those  familiar  wiith  workmen,  that  when 
they  know  the  work  is  being  done  by  the  day,  it  is  impossible  to  get 
them  to  do  as  much  work  unless  they  are  drove.  Some  mechanics 
will  tell  you  this  is  nonsense,  but  we  know  from  experience  it  is  not. 
A man  may  say  that  he  will  do  just  as  big  a day’s  work  no  matter 
which  way  he  may  be  employed,  but  he  will  do  the  most  when  work- 
ing by  the  job.  Any  master  mechanic  of  experience  will  tell  you 
the  same,  as  he  knows  very  well  that  if  he  does  not  keep  his  men  to 
work,  but  allow  them  to  do  about  as  they  please  in  this  respect, 
that  he  will  be  unable  to  stand  it  and  compete  with  others.  Several 
of  the  large  manufacturers  contract  the  whole  of  their  works  in  the 
shops,  simply  because  they  can  get  so  much  more  work  done  for  the 
money  by  contract  than  they  can  to  hire  the  men  by  the  day. 

Some  say  that  work  is  better  executed  when  done  by  the  day. 
It  may  and  it  may  not.  In  some  cases  we  have  known  it  done  badly, 
and  the  owner,  rather  than  go  to  the  expense  of  having  it  changed 
and  made  right,  has  said  let  it  go  ; and  some  mechanics  are  liable  to 
do  things  wrong,  especially  when  they  have  no  one  to  look  after 
them,  as  a contractor,  whose  interest  it  is  to  have  the  work  done  right 
the  first  time,  as  otherwise  he  will  have  to  be  at  the  expense  of  mak- 
ing it  right. 

A first-class  builder  of  some  years  ago,  now  retired,  in  a conver- 
sation recently  informed  us  that  his  opinion  was  that  half  the  builders 
of  the  present  day  did  not  know  how  to  estimate  on  work,  as  when  he 
built  his  residence  he  could  not  get  a reasonable  estimate  ; therefore 


went  to  work  and  had  it  done  by  the  day,  superintending  the  work 
himself,  and  in  this  way  his  house  cost  him  $4,500  less  than  the  low- 
est estimate  he  received. 

A case  or  two  in  the  last  few  weeks  came  to  our  notice,  whic 
convinced  us  that  this  is  true  to  a certain  extent  at  least.  We  pre- 
pared drawings,  etc.,  for  a public  building  for  a country  town,  to 
come  within  a certain  appropriation,  but  when  estimates  were  handed 
in  from  local  builders  they  all  exceeded  the  amount  considerable  ; 
therefore,  builders  from  the  city,  a few  miles  distant,  were  allowed  to 
estimate,  and  their  bids  all  came  within  the  amount  appropriated. 
There  being  considerable  art  work  in  the  design,  the  local  builders 
did  not  know  its  worth  and  did  not  take  the  trouble  to  find  out ; and 
as  one  of  these  builders  was  on  the  committee,  new  plans  were 
ordered  and  made  so  that  the  local  builders  could  do  it. 

Another  similar  case,  that  of  a party  in  a village,  secured  from 
us  a design  not  to  exceed  a certain  sum  in  execution  ; but  his  village 
builders  did  not  seem  to  understand  the  design,  and  when  they  had 
estimated  he  found  he  would  have  to  modify  it.  But  the  idea  struck 
him  to  send  to  a city,  one  hundred  miles  away,  and  get  a couple  of 
first-class  builders  to  estimate,  men  of  standing,  and  who  were  known 
to  do  good  work  ; and  in  less  than  two  weeks  one  of  them  had  the 
building  under  way,  and  the  local  builders  were  very  mad  at  losing 
the  work. 

When  estimates  on  a building  run  from  $28,000  to  $15,000,  and 
the  lowest  does  the  work  and  makes  money,  somebody  don’t  know 
their  business,  and  on  all  work  there  is  a vast  difference  between  the 
highest  and  lowest  bid. 


Design  41. 


G5 


Plate  31 


© 


O .‘TUi*  (S  if  ■ 

— _scaU  M-J-J-M 4 4 1 — H Of.fliT- 


— :p-g,S-J_F-L.a.a  <=\z 


-5E.c.orJo  . rLoa (?■“ 


p C 0,5  P E-C  J I v/c  V\  £ \V5 


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f R.a  g Le.V>TJ-  ( o rJ 


Copyright  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  4 Co.,  Architects,  New  Yoric, 


66 


_L. 


PLATE  32. 

Design  42 — Gives  plans,  elevation  and  perspective  view  of  a conveniently  arranged  cottage  home  of  six 
rooms,  with  all  modern  conveniences,  and  was  designed  for  erection  on  a corner  lot.  The  interior  to  be  fin- 
ished in  a neat  manner  - first  floor  in  hardwood.  Cost,  $2,500. 


FARM  BARN  AND  HENNERY. 

This  illustration  gives  a correct  idea  of  a country 
farm  barn,  which  will  interest  those  who  are  agricul- 
turally inclined.  To  the  farmer  it  is  one  of  the  most  im- 
portant things  how  he  shall  house  his  stock,  and  provide 
storage  for  his  grain,  fodder,  etc.,  and  yet  do  it  in  an 
economical  manner  ; and  the  many  farm  barns  that  are  to 
be  seen,  with  their  chopped  up  and  checkered  appearance, 
indicate  that  this  matter  has  not  had  a proper  amount  of 
study  and  forethought.  The  farmer  goes  on  and  builds 
a little  at  a time,  never  thinking  or  looking  far  enough 
ahead  to  know  what  his  wants  really  may  be  when  his 
farm  is  being  worked  to  its  proper  capacity.  If  you  own 
a farm,  and  intend  to  be  a good  farmer,  start  out  with  a 
determination  to  have  only  suitable  farm  buildings,  such 
as  will  look  well  from  your  neighbor’s  house.  Let  your 
barns  look  like  barns,  your  houses  like  houses.  We  would 
not  for  anything  have  your  barns  be  mistaken  for  houses 
or  your  houses  for  barns  ; for  such  things  we  have  seen, 
and  it  makes  us  feel  as  if  there  was  a screw  loose  some- 
where. Barns  should  not  be  built  for  show.  They  should, 
of  course,  be  made  to  look  well,  and  be  pleasant  spots  in 
the  landscape,  and  built  in  the  most  substantial  manner 
possible — -should  be  arranged  to  save  as  much  labor  as 
possible  in  the  care  of  the  animals  that  are  to  be  housed 
and  fed  in  them.  Let  them  be  well  ventilated  and  lighted, 
properly  floored  ; the  stonework  of  the  foundation 
thoroughly  built,  i not  dry,  but  laid  up  in  good  cement 
mortar.  Don’t  invite  the  rats,  as  they  will  come  without. 

And  it  has  al  ways  been  a mystery  to  us  why  the  farmers 
have  not,  in  a general  way,  been  wide  awake  enough  to 
their  own  interests  to  properly  house  their  fowls,  instead 
of  letting  them  run  wild  over  the  whole  place,  and  roost 
on  wagons,  carts  and  agricultural  implements  when  not 
in  use  and  stored  ; to  let  them  lay  their  eggs  where  they 
please,  and  then  have  the  pleasure  of  hunting  for  them, 
and  often  finding  them  at  a late  day  — such  certainly 
must  be  the  case,  else  why  so  many  bad  eggs  amongst 
those  “nice  fresh  country  eggs.”  Chickens  are  one  of 
the  most  profitable  adjuncts  to  any  farm,  and  it  is  a very 
easy  matter  to  keep  them  where  therearea  number  of  cat- 
tle to  feed. 

The  hennery  here  shown  was  carried  out  as  an  ad- 
dition to  barn  at  hill-side  farm,  New  Milford,  Conn., 
owned  by  Egbert  Marsh,  Esq.,  and  shows  Mr.  Marsh’s 
ideas  of  what  a well  regulated  hennery  should  be  to  make 
it  both  a pleasure  and  a profit.  As  the  shed  below  is  a 
necessity  in  connection  with  barn,  and  a roof  indispensa- 
ble, the  only  additional  expense  is  the  floor,  one  side  and 
ends,  with  the  interior  fittings,  to  make  a hennery  which 
will  accommodate  easily  one  hundred  to  two  hundred. 

The  floor  should  be  tightly  boarded,  then  covered  with 
a coat  of  boiled  pitch  and  tar,  on  which  spread  soil  two 
to  three  inches  in  depth.  This  will  give  an  elegant  scratching  and 
wallowing  ground.  The  windows  all  arranged  to  slide  sideways,  the 
openings  on  outside  being  covered  with  wire  netting  ; the  feed-bin 
built  so  as  to  hold  several  bushels,  and  arranged  to  take  care  of  itself, 
by  constructing  the  bottom  so  as  to  empty  into  a small  trough  into  hen- 


' 


Design  42. 


Plate  32. 


fv>m 


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doi 


tJ/\LL 


w ^ 

ciiJifta  f^Dor^  i ycT 

C’4/yivi6C(^ 

J -V  i i ffl  SS/J 

i (2-cx/io  m s/sS 

, ' 'sS 

■ J fi  / 9 

Si-oxw-r 

F StOti  T eLEV^TIOrl  ////// 
1 1 suy?iM***r 


. iSlOE.  £ 


L£\/^pDt|. 


Copyright  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


PLATE  33. 


Design  43 — Shows  plans  and  elevations  of  a plain  country  house,  with  drive  porch.  On  examination  of 
the  plan  it  will  be  seen  that  a large  amount  of  accommodation  is  given  in  a compact  form  and  a minute  de- 
scription is  not  necessary  as  the  plans  sufficiently  explain  themselves.  Cost,  $3,300. 


The  fattening  room  is  arranged  so  as  to  be  darker,  and 
will  be  found  desirable  for  fattening  poultry  for  market 
or  home  consumption.  A running  stream  of  water 
should  be  so  arranged  as  to  always  supply  fresh  water 
in  hennery,  and  which  should  be  had  in  barn  for  cat- 
tle. This  could,  as  in  this  case,  be  brought  in  a pipe 
from  a spring  in  the  hill-side,  a short  distance  above 
the  barn,  and  which  not  only  supplies  the  barn,  but 
the  house  with  a never-failing  supply  of  clear  spring 
water.  The  run  from  hennery  is  so  arranged  that  fowls 
can  be  either  let  into  shed  or  directly  out  of  doors. 
This  run  being  hinged  on  top,  and  operated  by  weights 
and  a cord,  is  controlled  from  feed  room  thus  com- 
pletely shutting  off  the  hennery  from  floor  below,  when 
required.  The  arrangement  of  stalls,  as  here  shown,  is 
convenient,  and  cannot  fail  but  be  suggestive  for 
those  interested  in  such  matters,  while  the  con- 
veniences above  cannot  fail  to  please,  as  the  facilities 
for  driving  right  in  with  a load  from  either  side  is  what 
should  always  be  had  in  a barn  of  this  class.  This 
barn  is,  of  course,  capable  of  many  changes  to  suit 
individual  wants,  circumstances  and  locations,  and  is 
far  from  costly  ; and  there  are  farmers  who  could  with 
very  little  trouble,  put  up  their  own  barns,  if  they 
only  wake  up  to  the  full  realization  of  their  own  capa- 
bilities. 


STABLE  AND  CARRIAGE  HOUSE. 


This  design  was  prepared  for  erection  in  connec- 
tion with  the  proposed  residence  of  Mr.  E.  G.  Burham, 
at  Sea  Side  Park,  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  and  is  arranged 
to  suit  the  requirements  of  individual  wants,  as  well 
as  the  peculiarities  of  the  site.  There  is  a cellar  built 
under  carriage  house,  which  will  be  found  useful  for 
storage  of  vegetables,  roots,  etc.,  and  the  carriage 
house  being  arranged  to  drive  through,  makes  it  very 
convenient  for  every-day  use,  as  well  as  utilizing  the 
room.  The  shed  is  designed  as  a shelter  for  horse  and 
carriage,  so  that  the  horse  can  be  fed  noon  times 
without  unhitching — a very  convenient  arrangement 
for  a business  man,  who  has  little  time  to  spare  in  the 
middle  of  the  day.  The  two  stalls  and  box-stall  give 
ample  room  for  two  or  three  horses,  while  there  is  room 
enough  for  three  carriages.  On  second  story  is  provided 
a man’s  chamber,  hay-loft  and  feed  room — the  feed 
bins  being  built  into  position,  and  having  shutes  down 
to  stable  below., 

The  building  is  of  wood,  frame,  sheathed,  and 
lower  or  first  story  clapboarded  and  shingled  above, 
roof  slated.  The  ventilator  is  connected  with  stable 
below  by  means  of  wooden  vent  pipes,  and  thoroughly 
ventilates  the  whole  building.  Harness  room  has  an  open  fire-place, 
the  chimney  running  up  through  man’s  room  on  second  floor.  The  hay- 
racks, mangers  and  stable  fixtures  are  of  iron.  Water  is  supplied  on 
first  floor,  and  the  manure  is  dropped  through  the  trap,  as  indicated 
on  plan,  into  a pit  built  for  that  purpose,  and  which  is  accessible  from 
exterior.  The  carriage  house  is  ceiled  on  sides  with  Georgia  pine ; 


the  timbers  overhead  dressed  and  chamfered.  The  harness  room  is 
fitted  up  with  necessary  hooks,  pins,  etc.,  for  hanging  and  storing 
harness.  The  whole  built  in  a first-class  manner  at  a cost  of  $850, 
and  makes  a neat  building  for  the  purpose,  and  one  which  is  in  har- 
mony with  its  surroundings. 


or' 

U !a 
d?  1 

r 4 


Design  43 


8* 

3 


G9 


Plate  33.  ! 


Copyright  1888,  by  Paliiser,  Paliiser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


1 


?0 


PLATE  34. 

Design  44 — Gives  plans  and  elevations  of  a neat  every-day  house,  which,  with  its  large  projecting  roof, 
and  spacious  verandas,  makes  a perfect  gem  of  a house,  and  one  that  is  well  adapted  for  erection  in  suburbs 
village  or  country.  As  will  be  seen  by  the  plans,  the  rooms  are  conveniently  arranged — there  is  no  waste 
room — and  the  necessary  conveniences  are  provided  to  make  it  a comfortable  home*  Cost,  $3,000. 


DESIGN  FOR  PUBLIC  SCHOOL  BUILDING. 

The  above  shows  a design  for  a good,  solid,  plain  public  school 
building,  designed  for  the  town  of  Milan,  Mo.  That  it  is  somewhat 
out  of  the  ordinary  run  of  the  every-day  French  roof  architecture  we 
are  fully  aware  ; and  in  drawing  the  plans  for  this  building  we  have 
had  quite  a difficult  problem  to  solve.  The  general  dimensions  are 
55  by  70  feet  ; first  and  second  stories  having  each  14-feet  ceilings, 
while  the  assembly  room  on  third  floor  has  a ceiling  16  feet  6 inches 
in  height.  The  materials  are  hard-burned  brick,  relieved  with  bands 
of  black  brick  ; window-sills,  lintels,  water-table  and  underpinning  of 
stone  ; the  roofs  all  being  slated,  floors  all  lined  and  deadened,  walls 
built  hollow  with  two  inches  air  space. 

The  design  is  very  simple,  and  thoroughly  constructive  in  all  its 
parts  ; the  cornices  consisting  of  brick  brackets,  and  surmounted 
with  a wooden  gutter,  lined  with  metal.  The  school-rooms  are  ar- 
ranged so  they  have  an  abundance  of  light,  are  well  ventilated  and 
easy  of  access,  and  though  all  are  in  close  proximity  to,  yet  are  in  a 
measure  isolated  from,  each  other  ; being  divided  by  brick  partition 
walls,  the  transmission  of  sound  from  one  room  to  another  is  effectu- 
ally prevented. 

The  entrances  are  placed  in  front  and  rear,  and  consist  of 
spacious  stone  steps,  with  brick  porch  on  front  and  slated  hood  on 
rear  ; the  vestibules  opening  into  a hall  16  feet  wide,  which  contains 
a wide  and  easy  stair-case,  leading  up  to  floors  above.  This  hall  is 
convenient  to  all  rooms,  and  the  advantages  it  possesses,  running  as 
it  does  through  the  building,  are  at  once  obvious,  as  the  unequaled 
ventilating  facilities  it  affords  renders  it  one  of  the  best  features  of 


the  plan.  The  basement  is  reached  by  stairs  under  the  main  stairs, 
and  is  used  for  heating  and  play-room  purposes,  which  is  well  lighted, 
ventilated,  etc. 

The  vestibules  on  front  and  rear  are  easy  of  access,  passing 
through  which  we  reach  the  main  hall,  from  which  the  three  school 
rooms  open,  also  the  hat  and  cloak  rooms  for  each.  The  sides  of 
the  school  rooms  are  wainscoted  to  the  height  of  window  sills,  above 
which  are  placed  black-boards.  A teacher’s  room  is  placed  between 
the  two  smaller  school  rooms,  and  a class  room  is  provided  in  con- 
nection with  the  larger  room,  also  a teacher’s  room,  which  is  reached 
from  the  rear  vestibule.  Ventilating  flues  are  carried  up  in  the  four 
chimneys,  and  as  these  run  up  above  the  roof,  superior  draughts  are 
obtained.  Ascending  to  the  second  floor  by  the  spacious  and  easy 
stairs,  we  have  a large  lecture  room,  two  school  rooms,  hat  and  cloak 
rooms,  a teacher’s  room  and  apparatus  room,  all  connected  with  the 
hall.  On  third  floor  is  a room  27x42  feet,  with  a ceiling  16  feet  6 
inches  high,  well  lighted  and  ventilated,  which  at  times  would  be 
found  indispensable  for  exhibition  purposes,  as  it  is  admirably  situated, 
and  easy  of  access  from  all  parts  of  the  building  ; and  the  four  walls 
of  this  room  being  required  for  a support  to  roof,  it  will  be  seen  no 
extra  expense  is  added  in  getting  this  room,  while  the  space  around  it 
serves  as  storage  and  for  ventilating  purposes.  The  bell  tower  speaks 
for  itself,  and  is  not  only  useful,  but  gives  a greater  prominence  to 
the  building.  This  is  a common  sense  school  building,  and  one  that 
gives  all  that  it  is  possible  to  do  for  the  amount  of  money  expended, 
as  the  whole  of  the  detail  is  simple,  everything  being  honest,  prac- 
tical and  substantial.  Cost  $8,000. 


'■  " 


71 


Design  44. 


Plate  34-  j 

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PLATE  35 


Design  45 — Illustrates  a very  attractive  summer  residence.  The  design  was  prepared  foi;  a particular 
site,  and  gives  considerable  variety  in  outline  and  also  an  impression  of  solidity  and  breadth  which  should  be 
prominent  characteristics  in  a house  of  this  kind.  The  roof  presents  an  overshadowing,  sheltering  effect, 
which  is  very  desirable  in  a summer  house.  Cost,  $3,325. 


MASONIC  ASSOCIATION  BUILDING. 

This  design  was  prepared  for  erection  at  Mil- 
ford, Conn.,  for  the  Masonic  Lodge  at  that  town, 
and  is  a well  arranged  building  for  the  purposes 
for  which  it  is  intended.  The  ground  floor  makes 
a very  large  and  commodious  store,  being  well 
lighted,  ventilated,  etc.  The  front  platform  and 
show  windows  are  covered  with  a slated  hood, 
serving  as  a protection  to  the  goods  displayed 
from  the  weather,  as  well  as  sheltering  the  en- 
trances and  show  windows  to  the  store  from  the 
heat  and  storm.  The  side  front  door  is  arranged 
so  as  to  divide  the  store  in  two  if  required,  as  it 
was  considered  an  excellent  place  in  which  to  ar- 
range the  post-office  on  the  right  hand  side  of 
center  entrance.  There  is  a cellar  under  the 
whole  building,  with  a stairway  from  store  placed 
under  main  stairs,  and  also  an  outside  entrance 
on  the  rear,  which,  as  the  building  stands  upon  a 
corner  lot,  is  very  convenient  and  easy  of  access. 

The  entrance  to  lodge  rooms  is  placed  on 
the  side  front,  and  is  thus  isolated  from  the  store. 

The  entrance  is  protected  by  a cosy  porch,  over 
which  the  second  story  is  extended,  making  the 
necessary  recess  for  organ  in  lodge  room.  The 
lodge  room,  with  its  ante-rooms,  closets,  etc.,  will 
at  once  be  seen,  by  those  who  are  initiated  in 
the  mysteries  of  Masonry,  to  be  all  that  is  desir- 
able, and  arranged  to  suit  the  requirements  of  a 
l'egularly  constituted  lodge  of  A.  F.  and  A.  M. 

The  east  end  of  the  lodge  room  is  very  neat  and 
effective,  the  recess  behind  the  W.  M.  having  a 
circle  head,  with  the  round  stained  glass  window 
placed  in  the  upper  part,  in  which  is  worked  the 
all-seeing  eye,  and  other  appropriate  emblems. 

The  other  windows  have  transom  lights,  filled  with 
stained  glass,  in  which  is  worked  such  designs  as 
are  emblematical  of  Masonry.  The  wood-work 
is  all  in  pine,  finished  with  Crockett’s  Preservative, 
chamfers  and  cut-work  black.  The  lodge  room 
ceiling  is  16  feet  high,  the  two  sides  being  cut 
off  with  the  slope  of  the  roof,  which  forms  an  ex- 
cellent surface  for  the  brethren  artistically  inclined 
to  show  what  they  know  about  fresco  work  suited 
to  such  a place.  The  stairs  leading  from  tiler’s 
lobby  extend  up  to  a large  room  over  the  ante- 
room and  preparation  room,  whose  ceilings  are  xo 
feet  6 inches  high,  arranged  for  storage  purposes, 
and  which  will  be  found  useful  to  accommodate 
the  paraphernalia  required  in  working  the  degrees 
of  a chapter.  Some  of  your  Masonic  friends  may 
say  there  is  something  wanting,  which  always 
goes  with  a lodge  room  for  a chapter.  To  which 
we  would  say:  be  not  alarmed;  all  this  has  been 
thought  about  and  provided  for  ; and  we  would 
say  to  those  requiring  such  plans  that  there  is 
here  room  for  everything  required  in  working  every 
degree  known  to  Masonry  in  a manner  suited  to 
the  requirements  of  a lodge  of  this  kind — and  we  speak  understand- 
ing^ and  from  experience. 

The  construction  throughout  is  of  wood,  built  in  the  most  thor- 
ough manner  ; hard  pine  floor  in  store  ; lodge  room  floors  double  and 
thoroughly  deadened  ; frame  sheathed  and  covered  with  heavy  felt 
paper,  and  the  roof  is  of  black  slate,  with  ridges  of  terra  cotta  ; tower 


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finial  of  iron.  The  cost  of  this  building  complete  is  $3,000  ; and  we 
think  that  no  country  town  having  a lodge  of  Masons  can  afford  to 
be  without  such  a building  as  this,  as  by  owning  such  a building, 
they  are  fulfilling  one  of  the  tenets  of  Masonry,  besides  being  a mon- 
ument of  the  taste,  spirit  and  liberality  of  its  founders. 


Design  45, Plate  35.  ^ 


Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York 


PLATE  36. 


Design  46 — Shows  plans,  elevations  and  perspective  view  of  a two-family  house,  with  the  desired  con- 
veniences to  make  a house  of  this  kind  what  it  should  be.  The  rooms  are  compact  and  well  arranged,  and  a 
large  amount  of  room  is  given,  and  is  calculated  to  be  a good  investment.  Cost,  $3,750. 


DESIGN  FOR  A COUNTRY  BANK  AND  LIBRARY. 

This  design  shows  a good  study  for  a bank  and 
library,  suited  to  the  requirements  of  a small  country 
town.  The  first  or  ground  floor  contains  the  Banking- 
room,  which  is  large  and  spacious,  and  adapted  to  the 
wants  and  requirements  of  both  national  and  savings 
bank.  The  business  room  is  reached  by  a separate  en- 
trance through  a tiled  vestibule.  The  vault  is  very  large, 
and  should  be  built  upon  a solid  granite  foundation, 
interior  lined  with  a steel  case  one  inch  thick,  next  to 
which  should  be  granite  stones  one  foot  thick,  doweled 
together  with  steel  dowels,  then  outside  of  this  one  foot 
thick  with  best  hard  brick,  laid  in  Portland  cement  ; 
the  doors  to  be  double,  with  heavy  iron  vestibules,  grouted 
in  with  Portland  cement,  the  top  covered  with  railroad 
iron,  on  which  place  a floor  of  granite  thoroughly  grouted, 
etc.  A guard  room  could  be  here  placed  between  the 
bank-vault  and  the  library-vault.  This  room  could  be 
reached  from  lavatory  and  by  having  an  opening  over 
vault  door,  the  guard  could  control  the  entrance. 

The  private  office  would  be  found  very  useful  for 
directors’  meetings  and  private  business  generally.  The 
cellar  contains  the  necessary  room  for  heating  apparatus, 
fuel,  etc.,  and  is  reached  by  a stairway  from  directors’ 
room,  having  no  outside  entrance.  The  side-wall  desk, 
in  business-room,  is  an  indispensable  feature  in  all  banks 
and  the  settees  placed  each  side  of  front  windows  would 
be  found  very  convenient  during  business  hours.  The 
bank  counters,  fittings  and  finish  on  this  floor  to  be  of 
ash,  filled.  Floors  of  hard-wood  with  a neat  border. 

The  second  floor  contains  library,  reading-room, 
etc.,  and  is  reached  by  a separate  entrance  and  an  easy 
staircase.  The  delivery-desk  being  placed  in  the  position 
shown,  renders  it  easy  for  those  requiring  books,  etc.,  to 
get  them  without  entering  reading-room,  and  the  librarian 
can  thus  see  all  who  come  and  go  as  well  as  see  into  the 
reading-room.  The  work-room  is  required  for  unpacking, 
covering  and  labeling  books,  etc.,  while  the  vault  makes  an 
excellent  fire-proof  room  in  which  to  store  valuable  papers, 
or  to  be  used  for  town  records,  etc.  The  reading-room  is 
a pleasant  room,  and  with  its  open  fire-place,  in  which 
a wood  fire  can  be  burnt,  would  be  a pleasant  place  to 
while  away  an  evening  in  reading.  The  book-room  is 
neatly  arranged  so  as  to  store  about  seven  thousand 
volumes,  the  alcoves  containing  the  books  being  well- 
lighted.  This  floor  throughout  to  be  finished  in  pine  in 
the  natural  color,  with  cut  and  incised  work  picked  out  in 
color.  The  stairs  of  hard-wood.  The  floor  of  hard-wood. 
The  first  story  is  brick  and  stone  construction,  the  upper 
story  being  shingled  ; roof  covered  with  black  slate. 
Such  a building  as  this  is  an  ornament  to  any  town,  and 
certainly  is  a paying  investment  as  it  is  by  no  means 
expensive,  the  whole  of  the  work  to  be  done  in  a sub 
stantial  manner  at  a cost  of  $6,000. 


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Copyright  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


PLATE  37. 


Design  47 — Illustrates  a handsome  brick  and  timber  cottage,  the  plan  of  which  is  very  compact  and  con- 
venient. The  laundry  is  located  under  kitchen.  The  first  story  is  faced  with  select  North  Haven  brick  of 
even  color.  The  second  story  is  of  timber  construction,  and  painted  a warm  red  color,  trimmed  with  black. 
Cost,  $4,000. 


TOWN  HALL. 


Here  is  a study  for  a small  town  ha'l,  suited  to 
the  requirements  of  a country  town  of  from  four  to 
five  thousand  inhabitants.  It  has  often  seemed  to  us, 
in  our  professional  journeys  through  numerous  country 
towns  in  different  parts  of  the  country,  that  there  was 
a lack  of  interest  on  the  part  of  the  inhabitants  in 
those  things  which  so  often  tend  toward  the  public 
good — morally,  intellectually  and  otherwise.  There 
should  be  in  every  town  the  public  building,  in  which 
all  should  take  equal  delight  and  pride.  This  building 
should  not  be  a wooden,  tumble-down,  flat  or  mansard- 
roofed  dry  goods  box,  neither  need  it  be  an  attic  in 
some  building,  the  lower  part  of  which  is  used  as  a 
store-room  for  kerosene  or  any  other  equally  com- 
bustible material,  but  should  be  a real  solid,  sub- 
stantial brick  building,  which  should  be  built  in  a 
proper  manner,  the  floors  fire-proof — not  built  in  that 
slip-slop  fashion  that  old  fogies  always  prefer,  the 
wooden  beams  and  floors  forming  beautiful  flues  for 
the  devouring  flames  to  creep  through,  thereby  at  all 
times  rendering  such  buildings  perfect  man-traps. 

The  roof  should  be  a feature  of  the  building,  and  not, 
as  many  suppose,  be  made  to  appear  as  small  as  pos- 
sible, as  if  it  was  something  to  keep  out  of  sight.  In 
the  design  here  illustrated  it  has  not  been  the  aim  to 
produce  anything  but  a good,  plain,  honest  building, 
suited  to  the  requirements  of  a country  town.  The 
basement  is  reached  by  front  entrance  directly  under 
main  entrance,  and  the  floor  of  porch  above  forms  a 
covered  porch  for  basement  entrance.  The  hall  is 
large  and  spacious,  and  communicates  with  court- 
room, neater-room  and  firemen’s  sitting-room,  also 
hall  of  first  floor  by  a flight  of  easy  stairs.  The  fire- 
engine  room  is  large,  and  has  two  large  doors  suitable 
for  running  in  engine  and  hose  wagon,  and  connecting 
as  it  does  with  sitting-room,  makes  a convenient  ar- 
rangement. The  chief’s  office  is  connected  with 
court-room  and  has  an  outside  door.  Four  cells  are 
provided,  in  which  to  stow  away  at  times  the  refractory 
individuals  who  insist  on  being  in  hot  water.  The 
room  connected  with  chief’s  office  is  arranged  for  the 
reception  of  lady  and  aristocratic  prisoners,  as  de- 
linquent bank  presidents  and  cashiers,  insurance 
officers,  etc.  The  first  floor  contains  court-room 
with  judges’  and  jury-room,  town  clerk’s  office, 
with  a large  fire-proof  vault  in  which  to  stow  away 
the  town  records,  two  good  offices  which  should 
hold  lawyers  enough  to  do  what  legal  business  is 
necessary  to  be  done  in  a town  of  this  size.  The 
hall  is  spacious  and  communicates  directly  with 
offices  and  court-room,  and  has  a broad  and  easy  staircase  ascend- 
ing to  the  large,  high  hall  above,  the  whole  of  which  is  in  one 
room  for  assembly  purposes.  Such  a hall  as  this  is  capable  of  being 
fitted  up  and  answering  for  everything  required  in  a country  town,  as 
a caucus  meeting,  or  theatrical  performance,  for  private  parties  and 
public  balls,  church  fairs  or  even  ministers’  donation  parties.  This 
hall  would  be  a source  of  revenue  that  would  almost  run  the  entire 
building,  ar.d  would  be  a source  of  continual  enjoyment  to  the  citizens 


of  the  town.  The  building  is  thoroughly  ventilated  throughout. 
The  outer  walls  built  of  good,  honest  red  brick  in  colored  mortar, 
with  stone  basement,  water-table,  sills,  steps,  etc.  The  roof  slated. 
The  first  and  second  floors  of  rolled  wrought  iron  beams  and  corrugated 
iron  arches,  filled  in  with  cement  concrete,  on  which  is  bedded  the 
sleepers  the  hard  pine  floors  are  laid  on.  The  interior  finish  to  be  of 
hard-wood,  in  a plain  and  suitable  manner.  Cost,  $12,000. 


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Design  .47. 


Plate  37. 


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Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


I 


PLATE  38. 


Design  48 — Shows  plans  and  elevations  of  a country  house  of  nine  rooms,  to  be  finished  in  a very  plain 
manner.  Cost,  $2,600. 


EPISCOPAL  CHURCH. 

This  church  is  erected  at  Stafford  Springs,  Conn.,  and  is  built  on 
one  of  the  most  peculiar  sites  imaginable,  being  on  a triangular  cor- 
ner lot,  situated  on  a side  of  a hill,  which  brings  the  whole  of  one  side 
of  basement  out  of  ground  and  the  opposite  side,  where  drive  porch 
is,  on  a level  with  the  church  floor.  The  basement  is  built  of  Mon- 
son  granite  laid  in  irregular  courses,  with  cut  sills,  lintels,  etc.,  the 
area  copings  and  steps  being  of  cut  granite.  The  basement  gives 
good  Sunday-School  rooms,  with  a ceiling  of  eleven  feet,  and  is  so 
arranged  as  to  be  thrown  into  one  room  by  means  of  sliding  doors. 
The  stairs  from  basement  to  floor  above  are  convenient  and  easy  of 
ascent,  and  gives  room  underneath  for  a water-closet,  and  the  room 
under  tower  is  used  for  fuel.  The  windows  in  basement  are  filled 
with  diamond  glass  with  stained  borders,  set  in  leaded  frame-work. 
The  ground  floor  or  auditorium  is  31  x 53^  feet  in  size,  and  will  seat 
225  comfortably.  The  ceiling  is  finished  with  open  timber  and 
plastered  panels  ; the  windows  are  filled  with  rolled  Scotch  cathedral 
glass  of  handsome  design,  the  chancel  windows  and  rose  window  in 
front  being  very  handsome.  The  fittings  are  all  of  pine — seats  finished 
in  natural  wood  and  have  black  walnut  rolls  on  backs.  The  chancel 
is  of  good  size,  having  robing-room  connected,  which  is  reached 
from  outside,  and  contains  wardrobe,  etc.,  the  organ  being  placed  on 
the  opposite  side. 

The  construction  throughout  above  basement  is  of  wood — roof 
slated  with  black  slate  and  cut  bands — and  the  whole  exterior  of  wood- 
work is  painted,  the  body  Venetian  red,  and  trimmings  Indian  red, 
with  the  cut-work,  battens,  etc.,  black.  These  colors,  with  the  pic- 


turesque surroundings,  form  a pleasing  picture  to  the  eye,  and  one 
which  should  be  seen  to  be  appreciated.  The  cross  section  gives  an 


idea  of  the  interior  at  chancel.  This  Church  cost  $4,500  complete, 
and  is  one  of  the  neatest  church  buildings  for  the  money  that  it  is 
possible  to  get  up. 


79 


Plate 


O O 


L 


DESIGN  48. 


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PLATE  39. 


Design  49 — Illustrates  a pair  of  brick  houses,  of  large  accommodation,  with  convenient  and  compact  plan 
giving  twelve  rooms  each  with  conveniences.  The  underpinning  of  Longmeadow  brown  stone,  also  water- 
table  and  window  sills ; the  exterior  walls  faced  with  North  Haven  selected  brick,  of  even  color,  laid  in  red 
mortar,  and  finished  with  a black  joint ; slopes  of  roof  slated  ; exterior  wood-work  painted  a warm  red  color 
and  trimmed  with  black ; interior  finished  in  a neat  manner  and  painted.  Cost,  $3,100  each. 


CATHOLIC  CHURCH. 

This  design  is  suited  to  the  requirements  of  a country  parish, 
and  is  designed  to  accommodate  300. 

In  preparing  this  design  it  was  necessary  to  produce  a building 
which  could  be  erected  at  small  expense,  and  in  a country  town  where 
only  certain  building  materials  were  to  be  had  at  reasonable  prices. 
The  walls  are  of  brick,  laid  up  fourteen  inches  thick,  with  a two-inch 
air  space  ; the  stone  trimmings  to  be  of  granite  found  in  the  neigh- 
borhood. The  walls  are  kept  low  as  possible,  and  are  pierced  with 
wide  windows,  filled  with  stained  glass  in  leaded  frames.  The  roof  is 
open-timbered,  giving  plenty  of  height  and  ventilation.  The  gallery 
is  placed  over  the  front  end,  which  is  reached  by  means  of  stairs 
from  vestibule,  gives  ample  room  for  organ  and  choir,  and  is  well 
lighted  by  rose  window,  while  the  tower  is  arranged  to  contain  bell, 
or  even  a peal  of  bells  if  desired,  which  can  be  rung  from  gallery 
floor  below. 

The  side  porches  to  auditorium,  also  to  vestry  room,  make  these 
entrances  desirable,  as  they  are  protected  from  the  weather.  The 
lower  part  of  these  porches  are  of  stone  and  brick  construction,  while 
the  upper  portion  is  of  wood  ; the  roofs  are  all  slated  with  Bangor, 
Pa.,  slate  ; the  brickwork  laid  up  with  red  mortar,  with  belts,  arches, 
etc.,  in  black  mortar,  and  the  joints  ot  stone-work  finished  in  black. 
The  interior  fittings  all  of  pine,  filled  and  finished  in  natural  wood, 
and  cut-work  picked  out  in  color ; walls  wainscoted  four  feet  high,  on 
a level  with  window  sills,  and  the  ceiling  panels  tinted  an  ultramarine 


blue,  with  stencilled  stars  in  chrome  yellow ; the  side  walls  a light 
drab,  with  a foliated  stencil  border  over  wainscot ; the  altar  rail  of 
ash  ; and  the  entire  building  finished  in  a good  and  first-class  manner. 
Cost  $7,000. 

We  are  aware  of  the  custom  that  is  prevalent  to  those  building 
Catholic  churches  to  copy  from  what  they  have  seen  elsewhere,  and 
this  must  be  the  reason  for  erecting  so  many  country  churches  of 
poor  design  ; and  we  would  say  that  in  preparing  this  design  it  was 
our  aim  to  give  something  entirely  different  from  the  every-day 
Catholic  church,  yet  such  that  would  meet  all  the  requirements  of 
the  Catholic  service  ; and  though  the  Catholic  church  to  day  has  the 
same  requirements  as  it  had  five  hundred  years  ago,  it  is  no  reason 
why  the  problem  cannot  be  solved  by  the  architect,  and  all  the  tradi- 
tions of  the  great  days  of  the  church  still  be  preserved  without  turn- 
ing to  his  books  and  copying  something  to  resemble  its  predecessors 
of  years  ago  ; but  he  must  work  with  the  materials  at  his  command, 
combining  them  so  as  to  form  a harmonious  whole,  and  suited  to  the 
requirements  of  the  form  of  worship  ; and  to  do  this,  and  obtain  real 
progress,  it  is  necessary  to  work  out  new  ideas  to  suit  each  separate 
case,  and  the  various  materials  employed  should  be  treated  without 
any  show  of  deceit,  but  let  wood  be  wood,  brick,  brick  and  plaster, 
plaster.  Let  the  construction  be  visible  and  sound,  and  the  decora- 
tion employed  be  guided  by  the  simple  desire  of  avoiding  all  shams, 
which  will  increase  the  beauty  and  effect  of  the  edifice,  and  fill  the 
souls  worshipping  therein  with  religious  emotion. 


Design  49 


81 


Plate  39.  t 


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s c /\Le: 


0 / 2,  3 4 «T. 

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Copyright,  i88S,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


PLATE  40. 


Design  50 — Gives  plans,  elevations,  and  perspective  view  of  a nine-room  compact  cottage,  designed  for  a 
summer  residence  by  the  sea-side.  Cost,  $3,500. 

The  plates  in  this  work  are  all  very  plain  and  are  intended  to  tell  their  own  story,  therefore  but  little  ex- 
planation is  necessary  to  make  them  so  anyone  can  understand  all  their  parts.  In  the  matter  of  cost,  locali- 
ties will  have  much  to  do  with  it,  and  the  business  management  is  a very  important  part  and  will  affect  the 
cost  more  or  less.  The  designs  have  all  been  carefully  studied,  with  the  view  to  get  the  greatest  amount  of 
room  at  as  small  an  expense  as  possible,  which  is  a very  different  matter  from  designing  houses  regardless 
of  cost. 


CONGREGATIONAL  CHURCH. 

This  design  was  prepared  with  a view  of  erection  on  a peculiar  site 
in  a prosperous  and  growing  country  town,  site  being  somewhat  long 
and  narrow,  one  corner  of  which  rounded  off  to  a sharp  point  on  the 
rear  portion  of  the  church,  and  the  peculiar  lay-out  of  the  plan  was 
deemed  necessary  to  carry  out  the  problem  and  to  suit  the  site.  The 
building  is  unique  in  design  and  finish,  and  successfully  fills  the  de- 
mand of  the  modern  ecclesiastical  structure  suited  to  the  form  of  Con- 
gregational worship.  The  plan  is  very  compact,  and  so  arranged  that 
by  rolling  Venetian  blinds  to  close  the  openings,  the  auditorium,  or 
church  proper,  and  the  chapel  can  be  thrown  together,  and  the 
chapel  and  parlor,  being  connected  with  sliding  doors,  can  be  thus 
opened  into  and  used  as  one  ; and  the'  kitchen  in  connection  with  par- 
lor makes  a desirable  feature,  and  one  which  cannot  fail  to  be  appre- 
ciated by  all  Congregationalists.  The  auditorium  proper  is  an  octa- 
gon with  two  long  sides,  the  organ  being  placed  behind  the  pulpit, 
and  all  seats  radiating  from  the  pulpit  give  each  and  everyone  an 
equal  opportunity  to  see  and  hear  ; the  doors  on  either  side  of  the 
pulpit  lead  to  choir  and  minister’s  room,  both  of  which  are  connected 


with  a hallway  having  an  outside  entrance ; here  also  is  provided  a 
toilet-room,  containing  closet  and  bowl.  The  main  entrance  is  placed 
in  the  angle  of  auditorium  and  chapel,  and  connects  with  each,  while 
the  circular  apse  contains  the  stairway  up  to  bell  chamber  above. 
Over  this  entrance  the  tower  rises  to  a height  of  ninety  feet,  and  is 
arranged  so  as  to  hold  a peal  of  bells,  if  desired.  At  either  flank 
of  the  octagon  the  walls  are  pierced  with  doors  or  windows,  and  the 
windows  are  filled  with  stained  glass  ; and  as  the  outside  walls  are  kept 
low,  the  principal  light  comes  from  the  clerestory  windows,  and  with 
the  open-timber  roof  and  stained  glass  the  interior  effect  is  very 
striking,  adding  much  to  the  apparent  height  of  the  interior.  The 
interior  finish  of  ash  ; the  walls  above  wainscoting  to  have  a dark  tint, 
and  above  a lighter  shade.  The  church  body  to  be  built  out  of  a 
dark  granite,  found  in  the  immediate  neighborhood,  laid  in  irregular 
courses,  level  beds  and  plumb  joints  ; the  belts,  sills,  etc.,  of  light 
granite,  with  drafted  margins  ; roofs  covered  with  black  slate.  Cost 
about  $10,000,  in  favorable  locality  ; accommodation,  500. 

The  octagon  must  become  in  time  both  common  and  popular ; 
for  when  it  is  properly  treated,  it  can  be  made  to  satisfy  all  the  laws 
of  good  taste  and  the  requirements  of  a Church,  which  will  make 
those  who  worship  there  feel  that  they  are  really  in  the  house  of  God. 


■ ■iiMirmi 


Copyright,  1888,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


MODERN  COTTAGE 

With  four  rooms  on  each  floor,  also  showing  how  it  can  be  built  with  only  three  rooms  on  a 
floor  and  with  or  without  tower.  Cost  six-room  cottage,  $i,Soo  to  $2,100,  and  of  eight  rooms,  $2,650  to  $3,500. 

SPECIFICATIONS 


Of  the  works  and  materials  required  in  the 
panying  design,  as  shown  by  the  different  drawings 

Dimensions. — The  drawings  mnst  be  accurately  followed  accord- 
ing to  their  scale,  and  in  all  cases  preference  given  to  figures  over 
scale.  The  building  to  be  in  size  as  shown  and  figured  on  drawings, 
divided,  subdivided  and  built  in  exact  accordance  with  plans  and 
specifications,  and  the  work  executed  in  the  best,  most  substantial 
and  workmanlike  manner  and  according  to  the  true  meaning  and  in- 
tent of  these  particulars  and  the  drawings  referred  to,  and  which  are 
intended  to  include  everything  requisite  and  necessary  to  the  proper 
and  entire  finishing  of  the  work,  even  though  every  item  involved 
by  the  work  is  not  particularly  mentioned,  and  the  work  to  be  deliv- 
ered up  when  finished  in  a perfect  and  undamaged  state  without  ex- 
ception, and  at  completion  all  rubbish,  surplus  and  waste  materials 
shall  be  removed  from  the  premises,  scrub  the  floors,  wash  the  win- 
dows, and  leave  the  building  fit  and  readv  for  occupation. 

MASON  WORK 

Excavation. — Excavate  in  depth  for  all  cellar  and  foundations, 
and  for  footings  of  all  walls  and  chimneys,  also  for  drains,  cistern, 
and  cess-pools;  dig  trenches  for  footings  of  walls  4 inches  below  fin- 
ished level  of  cellar  bottom,  fill  in  and  pack  around  walls  when  mor- 
tar is  dry:  grade  the  excavated  earth  around  the  premises  as  may  be 
required  and  directed,  lay  aside  the  top  soil  at  commencement  and 
replace  over  the  graded  surface  at  completion. 

Stem  Work. — Build  foundation  walls  of  good  fiat  building  stone, 
of  flat  bed  and  firm  build,  laid  in  clean,  sharp  sand,  lime  and  cement 
mortar,  in  equal  parts  lime  and  cement:  lay  both  sides  by  and  full 
to  a line  and  point  the  inner  face  at  completion.  Lay  down  sub- 
stantial foundations  under  chimney  and  piers  in  cellar;  put  down, 
clear  of  frost,  foundations  under  piers  supporting  veranda,  also  under 
all  exterior  steps  ; area  steps  and  coping  to  be  of  good  blue  stone 
properly  walled  in,  etc. 

Underpin ni r.g. — Build  the  underpinning  walls  16  inches  thick  from 
grade  level,  with  good  quality  quarry  stone,  laid  (rock  face)  level 
beds  and  plumb  joints  on  such  portions  as  show,  and  neatly  pointed 
and  penciled  at  completion,  parts  under  verandas  to  be  good  stone 
walls,  same  as  cellar  walls.  Window  sills  to  be  of  blue  stone.  Leave 
all  openings  in  stone  work  as  required  for  drains  and  other  pipes. 

Cistern. — To  be  built  as  shown,  the  walls  of  brick  laid  in  cement 
and  smoothly  coated  on  the  inside  with  cement,  and  the  bottom 
paved  with  brick  and  coated  same  as  sides. 

Cess-pools. — Stone  up  one  cess-pool  for  overflow  from  cistern  as 
shown,  one  for  wash-tray  waste  as  shown,  also  main  cess-pool  placed 
50  ft.  from  house  and  to  be  5 ft.  diameter,  and  7 ft.  deep  in  the  clear, 
stoned  up  in  good  shape,  drawn  in  on  top,  and  to  have  manhole 
18  inches  under  ground  covered  over  with  flagstone. 

Drains. — To  be  laid  as  shown,  and  to  be  of  best  quality  Akron 
sewer  pipe  salt-glazed  and  laid  on  a proper  grade,  joints  made  tight 
with  cement,  and  to  be  trapped  as  shown. 

Brisk  7 Cork. — To  be  laid  up  with  best  quality  hard-burned  brick 
and  clean,  sharp  sand  and  lime  mortar. 

Piers. — Build  all  piers  as  shown  in  cellar,  and  cap  same  with  a flat 
stone  size  of  piers,  also  build  piers  supporting  verandas  as  shown. 

Chimneys. — Build  the  chimneys  as  shown  on  plans.  Carry  up  the 
flues  of  uniform  size,  well  pargeted,  and  to  have  the  required  stove 
collars  and  ventilating  covers  inserted  where  required;  turn  arches  to 
all  fire-places  and  trimmer  arches  under  hearths.  Top  out  above  the 
roof  with  selected  brick,  trimmed,  etc.,  as  shown  by  the  drawings, 
laid  up  in  red  mortar  and  cap  with  a stone  5 inches  to  8 inches  thick. 
The  chimney  tops  above  roof  to  be  laid  up  with  8 inch  walls  for  ex- 
terior and  4 inch  partitions  between  flues.  Arrange  ash-pit  in  cellar 
as  shown  and  place  a small  iron  door  in  bottom,  and  dumps  m hearths 
of  parlor  and  dining-room  fire-places.  Face  the  throat,  breast  and 
jambs  of  kitchen  fire-place  with  good  selected  red  brick  in  red  mor- 
tar, and  place  a 5x10  inch  cut-stone  lintel  or  shelf  over  same.  Face 
the  other  fire-places  with  good  quality  bun  brick  laid  in  mortar  col- 
ored to  match,  and  pave  backs  of  fire-places  with  fire  brick,  the 
hearths  to  be  of  slate,  in  style,  etc.,  as  shown,  and  firmly  bedded  on 
mortar,  and  laid  about  3-16  of  an  inch  above  finished  floor  adjoining. 

Lathing. — Lath  all  walls  and  ceilings  of  first  and  second  floors, 
also  tower  room,  with  sound,  well-seasoned  lath,  joints  broken  every 
ter  rii  course,  securely  nailed  to  studs. 

Plastering. — .Li  walls  and  ceilings  that  are  lathed  on  1st,  2d,and  3d 
floors  to  be  plastered  with  one  good  coat  of  brown,  well-haired  mortar, 
axd  fir.lsh  wi ithone  good  coat  of  white  sand  or  hard  finish.  All  angles 
to  be  maintained  sharpand  regular  in  form,  walls  finished  straight  and 
plumb,  and  in  all  cases  plastering  to  extend  clear  down  to  the  floor. 

Centers. — Furnish  and  put  up  three  neat  and  appropriate  center 
pieces  of  such  pattern  as  selected  by  owner. 

Arches. — The  arch  beams  to  be  molded  on  angles  with  rule  joint 
molding  and  to  be  finished  at  ends  with  suitable  and  appronriate  corbels. 


erection,  construction  and  completion  of  the  accom- 
and  as  herein  specified. 

Cellar. — Level  off  and  settle  the  cellar  bottom  and  cover  it  flush 
and  smooth  throughout  with  cement  concrete  in  3 parts  of  clean, 
coarse  gravel  and  one  of  cement,  2 inches  deep  and  finished  with  a 
true  and  even  surface. 

Final. — Whitewash  twice  the  walls  in  cellar  and  laundry,  also 
all  brickwork  in  samp)  and  joist  overhead.  Do  all  necessary  patch- 
ing and  mending  of  walls  after  other  workmen,  and  leave  the  whole 
in  a complete  and  perfect  state  of  completion. 

CARPENTER  WORK. 

Timber. — The  whole  of  the  timber  used  in  and  throughout  the  work  to  be 
the  best  of  their  several  kinds,  well  seasoned  and  free  from  sap,  shakes  or 
other  imperfections  impairing  its  durability  or  strength:  timber  not  exposed 
to  be  of  spruce,  pine  or  clean  hemlock,  and  where  exposed  to  view  to  be  of 
good  quality  pine. 

Framing. — The  frame  to  be  a balloon  frame,  properly  halved  and  spiked 
together,  the  girts  to  be  notched  into  and  well  spiked  to  studs.  Do  all  the 
necessary  framing  around  stairways  and  chimneys,  all  properly  mortised  and 
tenoned  together,  all  to  be  done  in  a workmanlike  and  substantial  manner. 

Frame  Timber. — Girders,  6x8  inches ; sills.  4x6  inches  ; posts,  4x6  inches  ; 
girts,  1x4  inches;  plates,  2x4  inches,  double  and  well  spiked  tocether 
and  on  to  studs : first  and  second  floor  joists  2x9  inches — 16-inch 
centers  ; attic,  2x7  inches — 16-inch  centers;  header  and  trimmer  beams 
double;  roof  rafters,  2x6  inches — 2 ft.  centers;  hip  and  valley  rafters, 
2x8  inches.  Door  and  window  studs.  3x4  inches ; intermediate  studding, 
2x4  inches — 16  in.  centers;  main  partitions  to  be  set  as  the  frame  is 
raised,  and  to  foot  on  the  girders  below,  having  3x4  inch  plates  on 
which  to  foot  second  story  partitions  and  carry  floor  joists.  All 
angles  to  be  formed  solid  and  all  partitions  to  be  bridged  once  in  their 
height ; veranda  sills,  4x7  inches ; floor  joist,  2x7  inches — 20  inch  centers  ; 
rafters,  2x5  inches ; plates,  columns,  balusters,  etc.,  as  shown  by  the  design  ; 
also  furnish  any  other  timber  as  required  by  the  design. 

Bridging. — All  floor  timbers  to  be  bridged  every  five  feet  with  1x2  inch 
cross  bridging  well  nailed. 

Furring. — Do  all  necessary  furring  as  required  for  stairs,  closets,  arch 
beams,  etc. 

Sheathing. — Cover  the  entire  frame  on  exterior  with  tongued  and  grooved 
boards  not  to  exceed  8 inches  in  width,  placed  diagonally  and  well  nailed 
with  lod.  nails. 

Lumber. — The  lumber  to  be  of  white  pine  unless  otherwise  specified,  well 
seasoned  and  dry ; the  clapboards  to  be  perfectly  clear,  as  also  the  sashes 
and  panel  work  throughout. 

Comer  Boards.-  -Casings,  bands,  etc.,  to  be  one  and  a quarter  inches 
thick,  6 inches  face ; bands  rabbeted  top  and  bottom  for  clapboarding,  etc., 
water-table  to  be  formed  as  shown,  furred  off  from  frame  and  to  have  rab- 
beted beveling  cap  to  receive  clapboards . 

Clapboarding . — The  sides  of  first  story  and  rear  wing,  as  shown,  to  be 
covered  with  5 inch  clapboards  hating  one  and  a quarter  inch  lap  and  nailed 
with  8 d.  box  naik ; these,  as  also  all  other  exterior  finish,  to  be  underlaid 

with brand  rosin-sized  waterproof  sheathing  felt,  properly  stretched, 

lapped  and  tacked  on  so  as  to  make  a tight  job. 

Shingle  Work. — Side  walls  of  second  story,  tower,  etc.,  as  shown,  to  be 
covered  with  shingles  6 inches  wide  and  6 inches  to  weather,  laid  in  style  as 
per  drawing,  and  properly  flashed  at  all  comers  and  connections  so  as  to  in- 
sure a perfectly  tight  job. 

Cornices. — The  comice  to  eaves  to  be  formed  with  2x5  inch  dressed  rafter 
feet  and  plancier  of  narrow  matched  boards  face  down  on  rafter  feet.  The 
raking  eaves  and  cornices  to  be  formed  as  shown,  with  2 inch  barge  boards, 
soffits,  etc.,  as  per  plans,  and  all  other  cornices,  caps  and  exterior  finish  to 
be  executed  in  accordance  with  the  drawings  for  same. 

Roofing. — The  whole  of  the  main  and  veranda  roofs  to  be  covered  with 
best  quality  1 8 inch  pine  shingle,  laid  on  one  and  one-eighth  ‘by  two  inch 
strips  and  five  and  one-half  inch  to  the  weather,  put  on  in  best  manner, 
properly  laid,  joints  broken  and  each  shingle  nailed  with  two  4 d.  nails,  the 
valleys  to  be  properly  lined  with  tin  20  inches  wide  ; also  do  the  necessary 
tin  work  behind  tower  as  required  to  throw  the  water  out  to  the  front,  as 
shown  by  plan.  Balcony  over  front  bay  to  be  covered  with  tin  in  the  ordi- 
dary  manner. 

Gutters. — To  be  lined  with  tin  throughout,  and  to  have  galvanized 

iron conductor  pipes  from  same  to  convey  the  water 

from  gutter'  to  cistern  or  drain,  as  shown  by  the  drawings ; these  conduc- 
tors to  be  secured  with  galvanized  iron  hold  fasts  and  to  have  proper  curves 
and  bends  as  required. 

Finial. — On  tower,  as  shown,  to  be  of  wrought  iron,  vane  to  work  on 
a pivot,  to  have  galvanized  iron  cover  for  top  of  roof  at  base,  and  to  be  prop- 
erly secured  inside  in  the  best  manner  possible,  finial  to  be  painted,  gilded 
and  finished  up  in  a complete  manner. 

IV indaws. — Cellar  frames  to  be  of  2x6  inch  plank  rabbeted  to  receive 
sash ; sash  hinged  to  top  and  to  have  suitable  fasteners  to  keep  either  open 
or  shut — other  frames  to  be  made  for  double  hung  sash  as  shown ; 1 inch 
pulley  styles,  2 inch  sills,  and  seven-eighth  inch  counter  sills ; sash  to  be  one 

and  one-half  inch  thick  hung  with  sash  cord ; one  and  three- 

quarter  inch  enameled  face  pulleys  and  cast  iron  weights,  secured  with 

sash  locks  placed  on  the  meeting  rails;  glazed  with  second  quality  21  oz. 
sheet  glass  < except  staircase  and  toilet  room  window,  which  are  to  be  glazed 
with  Scotch  cathedral  giass  in  different  tints).  Window  from  dining  room  to 
rear  veranda  to  be  a French  window  with  sliding  head.  Bay  windows  to  be 
finished,  built,  etc.,  in  strict  accordance  with  the  drawings  for  same. 

Blinds. — All  the  windows  in  parlor,  sitting  room  and  dining  room  of 


85 


MODERN  COTTAGE 

With  four  rooms  on  each  floor,  also  showing  how  it  can  be  built  with  only  three  rooms  on  a 
floor  and  with  or  without  tower.  Cost  of  six-room  cottage,  complete,  $i,8oo  to  $2,100,  and  of  the 
eight-room  cottage,  $2,650  to  $3,500.  The  eight-room  cottage  has  been  built  for  $2,350,  and  with  rooms 
two  feet  larger  each  way. 


1 l p>n  shewing. 


PLA_N\ 


first  floor,  and  the  second  floor,  to  have patent  inside  window  blinds, 

maple  slats  with  red  trimmings,  etc.,  and  fit  up  complete  ready  for  use. 

Door  Frames. — Outside  door  frames  to  have  plank  jambs  rabbeted  for 
doors  ; casings  as  before  specified  and  hardwood  door  sills. 

Verandas. — To  be  constructed  as  shown  ; floors  laid  with  one  and  one- 
eighth  by  four  inch  pine  plank,  paint  joints  and  well  nailed  to  bearings ; 
steps,  one  and  one-quarter  inches  thick,  risers  seven-eighth  inches  with 
coves  under  nosings  and  enclosed  below  floor  to  grade  level  with  panels, 
facia,  etc.,  as  shown.  Columns,  plates,  rails,  balusters,  etc.,  to  be  as  shown, 
the  ceiling  to,  be  formed  by  laying  narrow  matched  and  beaded  boards  face 
down  on  the  dressed  and  chamfered  rafters  similar  to  main  roof  eave  finish, 
and  the  cornices,  gutters,  etc.,  formed  as  shown  by  the  drawings. 

Floors. — Lay  the  kitchen,  pantry,  sink  room  and  passage  or  back  hall 
floors  with  yellow  pine  flooring  not  to  exceed  3 inches  widq,  and  blind  nailed, 
All  other  floors  lay  with  seven-eighth  by  five  and  one-half  inch  matched 
flooring  well  nailed,  and  selecting  the  best  for  first  and  second  floors,  and 
using  only  sound  flooring  in  attic ; all  spaces  to  be  closed  up  completely 
around  outer  walls  and  partitions. 

Casing.— The  three  main  rooms  and  front  hall  of  first  floor  to  have 
doors  and  windows  cased  with  seven-eighth  by  five  inch  casings,  the  win- 
dows to  be  cased  to  floor,  having  finish  of  narrow  matched  ceiling  under  sill 
and  base  board  continued  across  same  as  on  plastered  walls,  and  the  sill  fin- 
ished to  match  casings.  Door  jambs  to  be  rabbeted  to  receive  doors  and 
beaded  on  the  edges ; the  above  work  all  to  be  finished  up  in  a neat  manner 
for  natural  wood  finish,  all  inside  work  to  be  hand-smoothed  and  properly 
sandpapered  with  the  grain  of  the  wood.  All  other  parts  to  be  cased  with 
four  and  one-half  inch  casings  and  finished  with  two  and  one-quarter  inch 
back  mold, the  windows  having  rabbeted  nosing  stools  and  neat  molded  aprons. 

Saddles. — All  doors  to  have  hardwood  saddles  one-half  inch  thick,  and 
in  width  to  be  on  a line  with  base  boards  both  sides  of  partitions. 

Base. — Base  on  first  floor  to  be  seven-eighths  by  eight  inches,  with  one 
and  three-quarter  inch  mold  on  top,  and  elsewhere  eight  inch  plain  beveled. 

Wainscot.— Walls  of  kitchen  to  be  wainscoted  3 feet  high  with  one-half 
inch  narrow  beaded  battens  and  cap  with  a neat  rabbeted  and  molded  cap. 

Doors. — To  be  in  size,  etc.,  as  marked  on  plans.  Those  on  first  floor 
main  rooms  and  halls  to  be  two  panels  wide  and  three  high,  with  molded 
rails  and  chamfered  styles  and  muntins.  Front  doors  make  as  shown  by 
drawings.  All  other  doors  to  be  good  stock  molded,  doors  of  size  and 
thickness  as  marked  on  plans  ; sliding  doors  to  be  hung  overhead  with  .... 

. . . .patent  adjustable  hangers  on  hardwood  tracks  securely  bolted  to  timber 
work,  and  to  have  the  necessary  guides  as  required,  to  have  astragal  joint 
up  center,  and  flush  bronze  furniture. 

Flinges. — Doors  on  first  floor  main  to  be  hung  with  three  and  one- 
half  by  three  and  one-half  inch  black  japanned  loose  pin  butts,  and 
elsewhere  with  three  and  one-half  inch  plain  loose  pin  butts.  All  doors 
over  7 feet  high  to  have  three  butts  to  each. 

Locks. — Secure  all  doors  with  a three  and  one-half  inch  brass  front 
mortise  lock,  except  front  door,  which  is  to  have  a 5 inch  lock  with  night- 
latch  combined.  (All  locks  to  be  of Company's  make  throughout.) 

Knobs. — Front  outside  door  to  have  bronze  knob  and  escutcheons. 
First  floor  main  rooms,  etc,,  to  have knobs  of  Eastlake  pattern, 


elsewhere plain,  and  suitable  escutcheons  to  all. 

Bolts. — The  double  doors  to  have  brass  face  flush  bolts  of  suitable  size ; 
also  put  six patent  door  bolts  on  rear  outside  and  dining  room  front 


door,  and  on  such  other  doors  as  directed. 

Stops. — Put  rubber-tipped  door  stops  in  base  boards  where  required. 

Stairs. — Cellar  stairs  to  be  plank  stairs  (no  risers),  and  slat  rail  down 
one  side.  Back  and  attic  stairs  to  be  box  stairs,  as  shown,  put  tfp  in  good 
style  and  a rail  placed  up  one  side  of  each,  and  rail  around  the  top  of  attic 
stairs  at  floor  level,  as  requit  ed.  Build  main  staircase  as  shown,  one  and 
one-eighth  inch  tread  and  strings,  seven-eighth  inch  risers,  molded  nosings, 
and  the  whole  put  together  and  supported  in  the  best  manner  ; to  have  7 
inch  turned  newel  at  start,  4x4  inch  posts  with  turned  caps,  two  and  one- 
quarter  by  three  inch  molded  rail  and  one  and  three-quarter  inch  turned 
balusters.  Rail,  newels,  posts  and  balusters  to  be  of  ash. 

Bath  Room.— To  be  fit  up  in  good  style,  the  water-closet  seats  and  lid 
and  bath  tub  top  to  be  of  hard  wood,  other  fittings  of  pine.  The  walls  over 
tub  to  be  ceiled  up  2 feet  high  with  one-half  inch  beaded  battens  and  neatly 
capped  ; fit  up  drawers  as  shown  at  head  of  bath  tub,  and  enclose  under 
washbowls  and  doors  properly  hung  and  secured.  Put  up  one  dozen  hooks 
in  bath  and  toilet  rooms  as  directed. 

Closets. — All  closets  to  be  properly  fit  up  with  shelves  and  wardrobe 
hooks,  8 inches  apart,  passed  all  around  on  neat  molded  strips.  Linen  closet 
to  have  shelves  placed  in  same  11  inches  apart  up  to  ceiling  ; other  closets  fit 
up  as  directed. 

Passage. — Fit  up  presses  in  passage  way  from  dining  room  to  kitchen 
as  shown  ; to  have  hinged  doors,  six  drawers  under  counter  shelf  and  small 
closets,  all  fit  up  in  complete  order  with  pulls,  catches,  locks,  etc.,  as  required. 

Sink  Room. — To  be  fit  up  in  good  style,  the  counter-shelf  at  sink  level 
to  go  on  three  sides  as  shown,  and  two  sides  to  be  enclosed  under  with  nar- 
row beaded  lumber  and  to  have  doors  properly  hung  and  secured.  Fit  up 
shelves  above  the  sink  on  one  side  up  to  ceiling  and  16  inches  apart,  and  put 
up  one  dozen  hooks  on  neat  strips  as  directed. 

Pantry. — To  have  counter  shelf  and  four  shelves  above  ; closet  under 
counter  shelf  for  barrel  of  flour,  with  lid  to  take  out  flour,  and  three  drawers 
properly  fitted,  etc. 

Bell. — Front  door  to  have  bell-pull,  etc.,  to  match  other  finish,  and  swing 
bell  in  kitchen  properly  connected  with  same. 

Wash  Tubs. — Construct  wash  tubs  in  laundry  as  shown,  to  be  con- 
structed out  of  2 inch  plank  and  to  be  14  inches  deep,  having  hinged  plank 
lids  on  top,  to  be  properly  set  up  and  finished  complete. 

Tank. — Construct  a tank  in  attic  as  shown,  3 feet  deep,  made  out  of  2 
inch  plank,  properly  supported,  braced,  etc.,  and  to  have  a hinged  cover  over 
same  to  keep  out  dust,  etc.  The  floor  under  tank  arranged  as  a tray,  with 
drip  and  pipe  running  outside  upon  roof,  properly  tinned  and  arranged  to 
carry  away  any  leakage  that  might  occur. 

Cellar  Partitions. — To  be  constructed  with  matched  and  dressed 
boards,  secured  to  the  requisite  frame-work,  and  the  doors  to  be  good 
battened  doors,  properly  hung  and  secured.  Place  outside  slanting  doors 


over  the  outside  cellar  steps,  and  put  up  a double  swing  shelf  as  shown  in 
store  cellar,  and  30  feet  of  other  shelving,  as  directed. 

Coal  Bins. — To  be  built  up  in  good  manner,  as  shown,  to  be  boarded 
up  5 feet  high  with  matched  boards,  and  to  have  the  necessary  slides,  etc.,  as 
required  for  taking  out  coal. 

Cold  Air  Inlet.—  Frame  to  be  put  in  as  shown,  to  have  wire  netting 
over  outside,  and  a sash  hinged  on  inside,  same  as  the  other  cellar  windows. 

Mantels. — Construct  and  set  two  ash  mantel  pieces  in  parlor  and 
dining  room,  as  shown  by  the  design  for  same,  the  tile  in  frieze  of  mantels 
to  be  fables  for  parlor  and  rural  scenes  for  dining  room ; the  mantel  in  room 
of  second  floor  to  be  of  pine,  as  shown  by  drawings,  and  the  whole  to  be 
secured  and  put  together  in  best  manner  possible. 

PLUMBER’S  WORK. 

Iron  Soil  Pipe. — Furnish  and  put  up,  properly  connecting  with  drain  at 
outside  cellar  walls,  a 4 inch  cast  iron  soil  pipe,  extend  up  and  connect  with 
water  closet  in  bath  room  with  6 lb.  lead  Strap  soil  pipe  to  extend  up 

through  roof  and  be  there  capped  with  a ventilator;  soil  pipe  to  be 

properly  secured,  tar-coated  both  inside  and  out,  and  joints  caulked  with  lead. 
Run  a 2-inch  cast-iron  waste  pipe,  properly  hung  from  cellar  ceiling  and  con- 
nected to  4-inch  pipe,  for  waste  of  washbowl  in  toilet  room,  and  run  lines  of 
i -inch  or  iron  pipe  from  top  of  all  traps  in  the  building,  and  carry  up  and 
connect  into  the  4-inch  soil  vent  at  a point  not  less  than  2 feet  above  highest 
waste  connection.  Put  in  a 3 inch  fresh  air  inlet  pipe,  as  shown,  on  outside, 
with  opening  2 feet  above  ground,  and  with  a screen  over  to  exclude  dirt  and 
filling  up. 

Supply  from  boiler  to  be  a five-eighth  inch  A pipe  connected  with  tank 
in  attic  and  boiler  in  kitchen,  and  to  such  other  parts  as  required. 

Boiler  to  be  a 35-gallon  patent  copper  boiler,  set  on  a 

single  legged  cast  iron  stand,  connected  to  water-back  of  range  through 
double  A pipe  and  brass  couplings. 

Range  to  be  a single  oven  No.  o,  set  up  with  all  the  con- 

nections complete  ready  for  use. 

Pump. — Put  in  a brass  lift  and  combination  force  pump,  connect  with 
cistern  through  one  and  one-quarter  inch  B lead  pipe,  and  connect  with 
tank  in  attic  through  one  inch  B lead  pipe.  Place  a stop-cock  on  pipe,  so 
cold  water  can  be  drawn  direct  at  sink,  and  run  a one-half  inch  tell-tale 
pipe  back  to  sink  from  tank. 

Sink  to  be  of  cast  iron,  20  inches  by  34  inches  by  6 inches  in  size,  gal- 
vanized, and  to  have  hot  water  through  five-eighth  inch  A pipe,  five-eighth 
inch  brass  draw-cock,  2 inch  lead  waste,  properly  trapped  and  connected 
to  main  4 inch  soil,  as  required. 

Wash  Tubs  to  have  hot  and  cold  water  through  five-eighth  inch  A 
pipe  and  brass  thimble-tray  draw-cocks ; 2 inch  main  waste  and  one  and 
one-half  inches  branch  wastes  from  each  tray,  properly  trapped  and  con- 
nected with  drain  to  cess-pool  at  outside  cellar  wall,  to  have  brass  plugs, 
chain,  etc.,  complete  to  tubs. 

Wash  Bowls  to  be  of ware,  to  have  marble  countersink  tops, 

surbases  10  inches  high,  to  be  supplied  with  hot  and  cold  water  through  one- 
half  inch  Alead  pipe  and  compression  nickelplated  cocks,  plated  plugs  and 
chains;  inch  heavy  lead  wastes,  properly  trapped  and  connected.  Place  lead 
pans  under  each  with  three-fourth  inch  drip  pipe  connected  and  running  to  cel- 
lar ceiling  and  there  left  open.  Overflow  pipes  from  basins  and  bath  to  be 
branched  into  dips  of  traps  to  each. 

Water  Closet. — To  be  a Sanitary  Closet,  all  earthenware, 

supplied  with  water  through  five-eighth  inch  A pipe,  and  having  a stop-cock 
to  regulate  the  flow  of  water  to  bowl,  and  to  be  fit  up  in  a complete  and  per- 
fect manner  without  exception ; lead  pan  to  be  placed  under  water  closet 
same  as  wash  bowls. 

Bath  Tub. — To  be  14  oz.  sheet  copper  well  tinned  and  planished ; sup- 
plied with  hot  and  cold  water  through  five-eighth  inch  A pipe,  five-eighth 
inch  double  hot  and  cold  bath  bibb,  plated  plug  and  chain,  rubber  hose 
shower  attachment ; waste,  one  and  one-half  inch,  with  running  trap  prop- 
erly connected  to  Y branch  of  iron  soil  pipe. 

Tank. — To  be  lined  with  4 lb.  sheet  lead  ; wipe  the  seams,  dot  the 
sides  and  leave  lead  smooth  all  around,  only  copper  nails  to  be  used  ; place 
a stop-cock  on  supply  under  tank  to  shut  water  off  from  house  ; provide 
overflow  near  top  of  tank,  run  to  outside  of  house  or  into  gutter.  All 
lead  waste  connections  to  iron  to  be  made  through  brass  ferrules  soldered 
to  lead  and  caulked  into  the  iron. 

Circulation. — A one-half  inch  AA  lead  pipe  to  be  connected  to  hot 
water  pipes  at  highest  points,  and  to  run  down  and  connect  to  sediment 
pipe  below  boiler  inside  sediment  cock,  to  keep  up  a continued  circulation  of 
hot  water,  and  a one-half  inch  pipe  run  from  top  of  hot  water  pipe  and  up 
3 inches  above  tank,  turned  over  into  same  for  steam  escape,  having  end 
left  open. 

Cocks.  — Put  in  the  necessary  stop-cocks  over  the  boiler,  to  shut  the 
water  off  from  upper  part  of  the  house,  also  put  a branch  and  stop-cock 
connected  with  drain  for  emptying  the  boiler,  and  all  other  stop  or  draw- 
cocks  as  may  be  necessary  to  make  a complete  and  first-class  job.  All 

cocks  to  be  of  the  best  quality  of make.  All  pipes  to  be 

so  graded  that  they  drain  dry  when  water  is  shut  off,  and  the  whole  of  the 
work  delivered  up  in  a complete  and  perfect  state  without  exception. 

PAINTER’S  WORK. 

Properly  stop  and  otherwise  prepare  for  and  paint  all  wood  work  that 
is  customary  and  usual  to  paint,  both  interior  and  exterior,  two  good  coats 
of  the  best  lead  and  oil  paint,  the  exterior  work  in  the  following  colors, 

which  are  taken  from card  of  pure  tinted  gloss  paints, 

Body  of  the  work,  as  clapboards,  No ; trim- 
ming colors,  as  casings,  water  table,  corner  boards,  belts,  veranda  columns, 

frame  work,  barges,  etc.,  No Shingle  work  of  second  story  side  w’alls. 

No ; veranda  ceilings,  planciers,  panels  of  gables,  etc.,  No ; sash, 

No.  ...  ; exterior  doors  trimmed  with  Nos.  ...  and  ...  ; veranda  floors, 
No.  . . . ; finial  to  be  painted  with  No.  . . . and  glided  with  gold  leaf,  etc. 
The  inside  work  of  three  main  rooms  and  front  hall,  first  floor,  mantels  and 

main  stairs  and  door  saddles  to  be  filled  with filler,  properly 

applied  and  finished  with  one  good  coat  of preservative.  The 

balance  of  inside  work  to  be  painted  in  tints  as  may  be  directed,  except 
kitchen  part,  which  is  to  be  grained  oak  and  varnished.  Hard  pine  floors  to 
have  two  good  coats  linseed  oil,  rubbed  in. 


87 


MODERN  COTTAGE 

With  four  rooms  on  each  floor,  also  showing  how  it  can  be  built  with  only  three  rooms  on  a 
floor  and  with  or  without  tower.  Cost  of  six-room  cottage,  complete,  $1,800  to  $2,100,  and  of  the 
eight-room  cottage,  $2,650  to  $3,500.  The  eight-room  cottage  has  been  built  for  $2,350,  with  rooms 
two  feet  larger  each  way. 


/&  IN*  I foot: B 


5 ELLON  □ FLDDFl  PLAN. 


88 


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SIDE  ELEVATION  FRONT  ELEVATION 


89 


SIDE  ELEVATION 


SPECIFICATIONS 

t 

Of  the  work  and  materials  required  in  the  erection , construction  and  completion  of  Design 

No.  2,  Plate  2. 

Dimensions. — The  drawings  and  details  must  be  accurately  followed  according  to  their  scale,  and 
in  all  cases  preference  must  be  given  to  figured  dimensions  over  scale.  The  building  to  be  in  size  as 
shown  on  plans  (figured  on  drawings).  Cellar,  six  feet  six  inches ; first  floor,  nine  feet  in  the  clear, 
divided,  subdivided,  and  built  in  exact  accordance  with  plans  and  specifications. 


MASON  WORK. 

Excavating.  — Do  all  necessary  excavating  required  for  cellar, 
area  and  all  foundations,  to  firm  and  solid  ground,  and  all  to  be  in 
depth  so  that  foundations  will  be  clear  of  frost. 

Stone  Work. — Build  the  foundation  walls  of  good,  flat  building 
stone,  of  firm  bed,  well  bonded  through  the  wall,  laid  up  in  clean, 
sharp  sand-lime  and  cement  mortar,  in  parts  of  one  of  cement  to  two 
of  lime,  laid  by  and  full  to  a line  on  the  inner  face,  and  flushed 
and  pointed  at  completion.  These  walls  to  be  i foot  4 inches  thick. 
Put  down  in  like  manner  foundations  under  all  piers,  chimney  and 
exterior  steps,  all  to  be  clear  of  frost. 

Drains.— All  drain  pipes  to  be  of  the  first  quality  cement  drain  pipe, 
in  sizes  as  marked  on  plan,  and  to  be  connected  with  sewer  in  street. 
These  pipes  to  be  properly  graded,  trapped  and  the  joints  cemented  tight. 

Underpinning. — From  the  top  of  stone  wall,  at  grade  level,  extend 
up  two  feet  in  height  with  8 inch  brick  wall,  laid  up  with  best  hard- 
burned  brick,  and  clean,  sharp  sand  lime  mortar;  face  walls  with 
selected  brick  of  even  color,  laid  in  red  mortar,  close  joints,  jointed, 
properly  cleaned  down  at  completion,  and  finished  with  black  joints. 
Window  sills  Of  blue  stone. 

Piers. — Build  piers  in  cellar,  as  shown,  of  best  hard-burned  brick, 
laid  in  clean,  sharp  sand  lime  mortar,  and  cap  with  flat  stone  size  of 
piers. 

Chimney. — Build  chimney  as  shown,  plastered  on  the  inside  and 
outside,  furnished  with  proper  stove  collars  and  ventilating  covers 
where  required;  turn  arch  to  fire-place  and  turn  trimmer  arch  under 
hearth.  Hearth  to  be  of  slate  properly  bedded  in  cement.  Top  out 
the  chimney  above  the  roof,  as  shown,  with  selected  brick  in  like 
manner  to  underpinning. 

Lathing. — All  stud  partitions,  ceilings  and  work  that  is  furred  off 
on  first  and  second  floors,  to  be  lathed  with  sound  spruce  lath  and 
joints  broken  every  tenth  lath. 

Plastering.— All  walls,  partitions  and  ceilings,  throughout  first  and 
second  floors,  to  be  plastered  one  good  coat  of  brown,  well-haired 
mortar,  and  finish  with  a good  coat  of  white  hard  finish.  All  walls 
to  be  finished  straight  and  plumb;  all  angles  to  be  maintained  sharp 
and  regular  in  form,  and  the  plastering,  in  all  cases,  to  extend  clear 
down  to  the  floor. 

CARPENTER. 

Timber. — All  timber  not  otherwise  specified  to  be  of  good  sea- 
soned spruce,  and  put  together  in  the  most  substantial  and  thorough- 
ly workmanlike  manner  known  to  the  trade. 

Framing. — The  frame  to  be  what  is  known  as  a balloon  frame, 
well  nailed  together,  second  floor  girts  to  be  notched  into  and  well 
spiked  to  studs.  Do  all  necessary  framing  around  stairways  and 
chimneys,  properly  mortised  and  tenoned  together. 

Frame  Timber  .—Girders,  4x5  inches;  sills,  3x7  inches;  posts,  4x5 
inches;  girts  of  yellow  pine,  1 1-4x6  inches;  plates,  2x4  inches, 
doubled  and  well  spiked  into  ends  of  studding.  First  floor  timbers, 
2x8  inches;  second  floor,  2x6  inches — 16  inch  centers;  header  and 
trimmer  beams,  3 inches  thick;  roof  rafters,  2x5  inches — 2 feet  cen- 
ters; door  and  window  studs,  3x4  inches;  intermediate  studding, 
2x4  inches — 16  inch  centers;  studding  in  partitions,  2x3  inches — 16 
inch  centers.  Veranda  sills  and  cross  sills,  3x6  inches;  floor  tim- 
bers, 2x6  inches — 20  inch  centers;  plates,  4x5. 

Bridging. — Bridge  the  floor  timbers  with  1x2  inch  cross-bridging, 
properly  cut  in  between  timbers,  and  nailed  at  each  end  with  two  rod. 
nails. 

Furring. — Furr  overhead  on  rafters,  etc.,  for  rooms  on  second 
floor,  and  do  any  other  furring  required;  also  furnish  any  other 
timber,  as  required  by  the  design,  of  the  requisite  sizes  and  quality. 

Sheathing. — Cover  all  sides  of  frame  with  tongued  and  grooved 
boards,  not  to  exceed  6 inches  in  width,  nailed  through  each  edge  to 
every  stud  with  rod.  nails. 

Lumber. — The  lumber  to  be  of  white  pine,  unless  otherwise  speci- 
fied, free  from  knots,  shakes  and  other  imperfections  impairing  its 
durability  and  strength. 

Water  Table  to  be  seven-eighth  inch  thick,  furred  off  1 inch,  and 
capped  with  a beveled  and  rabbeted  cap  for  clapboards  to  lap. 

Corner  Boards,  casings  and  bands  to  be  one  and  one-fourth  by  6 
inches;  bands  to  be  rabbeted  top  and  bottom  for  clapboards  and  bev- 
eled on  top. 

Clapboarding. — Cover  all  sides  with  clear  pine  clapboards,  four 
and  one-half  inches  wide,  put  on  with  8 d.  box  nails,  to  have  not  less 
than  one  and  one-fourth  inches  lap,  and  underlaid  with  rosin-sized 
waterproof  shcathing-felt,  which  also  place  under  all  casings,  water- 
table,  etc.,  so  as  to  lap  and  make  tight  job. 

Cornices  to  be  formed,  as  shown,  on  3x5  inch  rafter  feet,  spiked  on 


to  rafters  at  plate;  gutter  formed  on  same,  and  lined  with  tin,  so  as 
to  shed  water  to  points  indicated  on  plan;  the  plancier  to  be  formed 
by  laying  narrow  pine  matched  boards  face  down  on  ‘.after  feet; 
barge  boards  2 inches  thick  as  shown,  and  all  as  per  detail  drawings. 

Window  Frames  to  be  made  as  shown;  cellar  frames  of  2 inch 
plank  rabbeted  for  sash;  sash  hinged  to  top,  and  to  have  suitable 
fasteners  to  keep  open  or  shut;  all  other  sashes  to  be  double  hung 
with  hemp  cords  and  cast  iron  weights,  and  to  be  glazed  with  best 
American  sheet  glass;  all  sashes  one  and  three-eighths  inches  thick, 
of  seasoned  pine,  window  sills  2 inches  thick. 

Blinds. — Outside  blinds  to  all  windows,  except  cellar,  hung  in  two 
folds,  properly  secured  and  painted  two  good  coats  of  dark  green  paint. 

Door  Frames. — Outside  door  frames  of  plank,  rabbeted,  and  to 
have  2 inch  oak  sills. 

Porches  to  be  constructed  as  shown  by  the  detail  drawings;  steps 
one  and  one-eighth  inches  thick,  seven-eighth-inch  risers,  to  have 
cove  under  nosings;  lay  floors  with  one  and  one-eighth  by  four  inch 
flooring,  blind  nailed  to  beams, and  to  have  white  lead  joints;  ceiling 
ceiled  with  narrow  beaded  battens  of  even  width  and  molded  in  an- 
gles. Columns,  rails,  newels,  panels,  etc.,  all  as  per  detail  drawings. 

Roofing.— All  roofs  to  be  covered  with  18  inch  sawed  pine  shin- 
gles, laid  on  1x2  inch  strips,  nailed  to  rafters  with  rod.  nails,  each 
shingle  to  be  nailed  with  two  white  metal  nails,  to  be  well  laid,  joints 
properly  broken,  and  made  tight. 

Floors. — Lay  the  floors  throughout  with  seven-eighth  inch  flooring,  not 
to  exceed  6 inches  in  width;  to  be  well  laid,  joints  broken,  and  well  nailed  to 
every  timber,  the  best  to  be  selected  and  laid  on  first  floor. 

Partitions.  —Set  partitions,  as  marked  on  plans,  to  foot  on  girders,  and  to 
have  3x3  inch  plates  to  carry  second  floor  ; all  angles  to  be  formed  solid ; all 
partitions  to  be  bridged  once  in  their  height. 

Grounds. — Put  up  all  necessary  grounds  to  skreed  plaster  to,  to  be  seven- 
eighth  inch  thick  and  left  on. 

Wainscotings. — Wainscot  walls  of  kitchen  and  living  room  3 feet  high, 
with  beaded  battens  3 inches  wide,  and  cap  with  molded  and  beveled  cap. 

Casings  in  front  hall  and  living  room  to  be  cut  and  stop  chamfered,  as 
shown,  one  and  one-fourth  by  six  inches  ; all  doors  and  windows  elsewhere 
to  be  cased  before  plastering  with  seven-eighth  inch  casings,  and  finish 
with  a seven-eighth  by  one  and  three-fourth  inch  band  mold  ; put  down 
seven-inch  beveled  base  in  front  hall  and  bed-rooms  after  plastering ; door 
jambs  to  be  seven-eighth  inch  thick,  and  rabbeted  for  doors  and  beaded  on 
edges  ; windows  to  be  finished  with  neat  stool  and  apron  finish. 

Doors  to  be  made  in  size  as  shown  ; outside  doors  to  be  sash  doors,  as 
shown  ; all  other  doors  six  panel,  ogee  molded  solid. 

Saddles. — Put  down  neat  hard  pine  saddles  to  all  doors. 

Stairs. — -Cellar  stairs  to  be  of  plank,  no  risers ; stairs  to  second  floor  as 
shown,  one  and  one-fourth  inch  treads,  seven-eighth  inch  risers,  properly 
put  together  and  supported. 

Sink. — Ceil  up  under  sink  with  narrow  beaded  battens,  to  match  wain- 
scoting ; hang  door  to  form  closet  under  ; ceil  up  splash  back  16  inches  high  ; 
also  place  drip  board  complete. 

Pantry  to  have  counter  shelf  and  four  shelves  above,  also  put  up  one 
dozen  pot  hooks. 

Closets  to  be  fitted  up  with  shelves  and  double  wardrobe  hooks,  9 inches 
apart,  on  neat  molded  strips. 

Furniture  to  front  door pattern,  elsewhere  

plain. 

Locks  to  all  doors  to  be  mortise  locks,  brass  fronts  and  keys ; outside 
doors  to  be  secured  with  suitable  shove  bolts. 

Stops. — Insert  hard  wood  door  stops  in  base,  where  requisite. 

Hinging. — Hang  all  doors  with  loose  joint  buffs  of  appropriate  size. 

Mantel  to  be  constructed,  as  shown,  of  ash. 

Cellar. — Partitions  in  cellar  to  be  boarded  with  match  boards;  coal  bin 
to  be  boarded  up  4 ft.  high,  to  have  slides  complete. 

Final. — Also  do  any  other  carpenter  work  as  shown  by  and  as  required 
to  carry  out  the  design. 

PAINTING. 

All  wood-work,  both  on  interior  and  exterior,  unless  otherwise  specified, 
to  be  painted  two  good  coats  of  best  white  lead  and  raw  linseed  oil  paint. 
Paint  clapboards  Venetian  red ; casings,  etc.,  Indian  red,  using  black  for 
all  chamfers  and  cut  work.  Grain  wood-work  in  kitchen  in  oak  ; bedrooms 
paint  in  one  color ; wood-work  in  hall  and  living  room  to  be  properly  filled 

with patent  wood  filler  and  finished  with  one  coat  of 

in  a first-class,  workmanlike  manner ; chamfers  and  cut 

work  pick  out  in  black  ; paint  roots  dark  slate  color,  tin  work  Indian  red. 
Also,  do  any  other  painter's  work  as  required  by  the  design. 

TINNING  AND  PLUMBING. 

Tinning. — Line  the  gutters  with  tin,  well  soldered  in  rosin  ; furnish  and 
put  up  the  necessary  number  of  tin  leaders  to  convey  the  water  from  gutters 
to  grade  level,  and  there  connect  with  drains.  These  leaders  to  be  firmly 
secured  to  building,  and  to  be  graded  in  size  to  suit  amount  of  service  re- 
quired. 

Sink  to  be  a 20x30x6  inch,  cast  iron,  supplied  with  water  through  five-eighth 
inch  lead  pipe  and  five-eighth  inch  brass  draw-cock,  to  have  2 inch  cast-iron 
waste,  properly  caulked  at  joints,  trapped  and  connected  closely  to  drain. 
Extend  waste  pipe  above  roof  for  vent. 


t 


SPECIFICATIONS 

Of  the  works  and  materials  reqinred  in  the  erection,  construction,  and  completion  of  Design  40,  Plate  30. 

Dimensions. — The  drawings  must  be  accurately  followed  according  to  their  scale,  and  preference 
given  to  figured  dimensions  over  scale.  Detail  drawings  will  be  furnished,  any  work  constructed  with- 
out such  drawings  must  be  removed  if  required,  and  work  replaced  at  contractor’s  expense.  The 
building  to  be  in  size  as^  shown  and  figured  on  drawings.  Cellar,  six  feet  nine  inches ; first  floor, 
nine  feet;  kitchen,  eight  feet  three  inches;  second  floor,  nine  feet;  over  kitchen,  eight  feet;  all  in 
the  rear,  divided,  subdivided,  and  built  in  exact  accordance  with  plans  and  specifications. 


MASON  WORK. 

Excavation. — Excavate  in  depth  for  the  cellar,  area,  foundations 
and  footings  of  all  the  walls  and  cnimneys,  also  for  all  drains,  cistern 
and  cess-pools.  Dig  trenches  for  footings  of  all  walls  8 inches  below 
level  of  cellar  bottom;  fill  in  around  walls  as  laid;  grade  the  exca- 
vated earth  around  the  building  as  may  be  directed.  Lay  aside  the 
top  soil  at  commencement,  and  replace  over  the  graded  surface  at 
completion. 

Stone  Work. — Build  foundation  walls  of  good  building  stone,  of 
flat  bed  and  firm  build,  laid  in  clean,  sharp  sand,  lime  and  cement 
mortar,  in  parts  of  one  of  cement  and  two  of  lime.  Lay  down  foot- 
ings under  all  the  walls  of  the  building  of  flat  stones,  not  less  than 
20  inches  long  and  6 inches  thick,  bedded  crosswise  of  the  walls  on 
the  natural,  undisturbed  earth;  build  the  walls  from  thence  to  grade 
level,  by  and  full  to  a line  on  the  inner  face,  and  flush  and  point  at 
completion.  These  walls  to  average  1 foot  6 inches  in  thickness, 
the  greater  breadth  at  the  base.  Lay  down  substantial  foundations 
under  chimneys  and  piers  in  cellar;  put  down  clear  of  frost,  solid 
foundations  under  piers  supporting  porches  and  verandas,  also  under 
all  exterior  steps.  Area  copings  and  steps  to  be  of  blue  stone,  steps 
properly  walled  in  on  each  end. 

Underpinning. — Build  the  underpinning  walls  16  inches  thick  from 
grade  level,  and  extend  up  2 feet  4 inches  in  height,  with  good 
underpinning  stone,  level  beds,  plumb  joints;  all  angles  and  jambs 
to  have  chisel  draft  on  edges,  also  on  top  to  receive  woodwork,  and 
to  be  properly  pointed  and  penciled  with  a white  joint  at  completion. 
Window  sills  to  be  of  blue  stone;  such  portions  of  wall  as  are  cov- 
ered up  with  veranda  to  be  rough  work. 

Cess-Pool.—  Stone  up  cess-pool  3 feet  in  diameter  and  8 feet  deep, 
covered  with  rough  flag  provided  with  manhole,  etc.,  complete; 
make  the  necessary  connections  with  the  cistern  to  receive  the  over- 
flow through  cement  pipe  of  the  required  size.  Also  stone  up,  in  like 
manner,  cess-pool  to  receive  wastes  from  house,  and  connect  with 
6 inch  cement  drain  pipe. 

Brick  Work. — To  be  laid  up  with  best  quality  hard-burned  brick 
and  clean,  sharp  sand,  lime  mortar. 

Piers. — Build  piers  in  cellar  16  inches  square,  as  shown,  and  cap 
with  flat  stone,  size  of  piers;  piers  supporting  porches  and  verandas 
12  inches  square. 

Chimneys. — Build  the  chimneys- as  shown  on  plans;  carry  up  the 
flues  of  uniform  size,  to  be  well  plastered,  furnished  with  proper 
stove  collars  and  ventilating  flues  where  required;  turn  arches  to  all 
fire-places,  and  turn  trimmer  arches  under  all  hearths;  top  out  above 
the  roof,  as  per  detail  drawings,  with  selected  brick  laid  in  black 
mortar,  close  joints,  jointed  and  cleaned  down.  Face  the  throat, 
breast  and  jambs  of  kitchen,  fire-place  of  selected  brick  laid  in  black 
mortar  provided  with  slate  shelf,  to  have  blue  stone  hearth  as  shown 
on  plans.  Build  fire-place  in  hall  with  buff  brick,  laid  in  red  mortar, 
angles  molded  and  as  per  details  ; also  furnish  the  necessary  brick, 
mortar  and  plaster  for  setting  the  mantels  and  range. 

Cistern. — Build  a cistern  where  directed,  10  ft.  diameter  and  10  ft. 
deep,  with  8 inch  walls  laid  in  and  smoothly  coated  on  the  inside 
with  cement;  cover  manhole  in  neck  with  flag-stone,  connect  the 
leaders  with  4 and  6 inch  vitrified  pipe. 

Lathing. — Lath  all  walls,  ceilings,  and  work  that  is  furred  off, 
throughout  first  and  second  floors,  with  sound,  seasoned  lath,  securely 
nailed  to  each  stud,  and  joints,  broken  every  tenth  lath. 

Plastering. — All  walls  and  ceilings  throughout  first  and  second 
floors  plaster  with  one  good  coat  of  brown,  well-haired  mortar,  and 
finish  with  one  coat  of  white  hard  finish.  All  angles  to  be  sharp  and 
regular  in  form,  walls  to  be  straight  and  plumb,  and  in  all  cases  to 
extend  clear  down  to  floors. 

Cornices. — -Run  stucco  cornices,  as  shown  by  the  details,  in  hall, 
parlor,  library  and  dining-room  of  first  floor. 

Centers. — Put  up  four  neat  and  appropriate  centers,  of  such  pattern 
as  selected  by  owner. 

Arches. — Finish  and  mold  the  arches  in  hall  as  shown  by  the  de- 
tail drawings. 

Final. — Whitewash  walls  in  laundry,  and  do  all  necessary  mend- 
ing of  walls  after  other  craftsmen,  and  deliver  the  mason  work  up  in 
thoroughly  good  order  at  completion;  make  the  floors  broom-clean 
from  time  to  time  as  required;  also  remove  all  mason’s  waste  mate- 
rials and  rubbish  accumulated  during  the  progress  of  the  works,  from 


off  the  premises,  and  leave  everything  in  a perfect,  complete  and  sat- 
isfactory state. 

CARPENTER. 

Ti?nber. — The  whole  of  the  timber  used  in  and  throughout  this 
building  to  be  the  best  of  their  several  kinds,  well  seasoned  and  free 
from  sap,  shakes  and  other  imperfections  impairing  its  durability  and 
strength. 

Frami>ig. — The  frame  to  be  what  is  known  as  half-balloon,  the 
studs  to  be  tenoned  into  sills  and  plates,  to  be  braced  with  long  angle 
braces  cut  in  barefoot  and  well  spiked.  The  girts  to  be  of  yellow 
pine,  notched  into  and  well  spiked  to  studs.  Do  all  necessary  fram- 
ing around  stairways  and  chimneys,  all  properly  mortised  and  tenoned 
together,  and  all  to  be  done  in  a thoroughly  workmanlike  and  sub- 
stantial manner. 

Frame  Timber. — Sills  and  girders,  6x6  inches;  posts,  6x6  inches 
with  inside  angle  cut  out  to  make  them  4 inches  from  faces  ; girts, 
1 1-4x4  inches;  plates,  4x5  inches;  first  floor  timbers,  2x10  inches; 
second  floor,  2x8  inches;  attic,  2x6  inches — all  16  inch  centers; 
header  and  trimmer  beams,  3 inches  thick;  all  floor  timbers  under 
partitions  running  same  way  to  be  4 inches  thick;  roof  rafters,  2x6 
inches — 2 foot  centers;  hip  and  valley  rafters,  3x8  inches.  Door  and 
window  studs,  3x4  inches;  intermediate  studding,  2x4  inches — 16 
inch  centers;  long  braces,  2x4  inches.  All  main  partitions  to  be  set 
with  2x4  inch  studding — 16  inch  centers,  to  be  set  as  the  frame  is 
raised,  and  foot  on  girders,  to  have  3x4  inch  plates  on  which  to  foot 
second  story  partitions  and  carry  floor  timbers;  other  partitions  set 
with  2x3  inch  studs — 16  inch  centers,  and  all  partitions  that  are 
directly  over  each  other  to  be  set  in  like  manner  to  above,  all  to  be 
well  braced  and  spiked;  all  angles  to  be  formed  solid,  and  all  parti- 
tions to  be  bridged  once  in  their  height.  Porch  and  veranda  sills, 
4x6  inches;  floor  timbers,  2x6  inches — 16  inch  centers;  plates,  4x5 
inches;  rafters,  3x5  inches — 2 foot  centers. 

Bridging. — All  the  floor  timbers  to  be  bridged  through  centers 
with  2x2  inch  cross-bridging,  properly  cut  in  between  timbers  and 
nailed  with  two  sod.  nails  at  each  end;  also  furnish  any  other  timber 
of  the  required  size  and  necessary  to  fully  complete  the  works. 

Furring. — Properly  support  and  furr  under  stairs,  furr  for  arches, 
and  do  any  other  furring  required  by  the  design. 

Sheathing. — Cover  the  entire  frame  with  tongued  and  grooved 
boards,  not  to  exceed  6 inches  in  width,  nailed  through  each  edge  to 
every  stud  with  \od.  nails;  this  includes  all  roofs. 

Lumber. — The  lumber  to  be  of  white  pine,  unless  otherwise  speci- 
fied, well  seasoned  and  dry,  and  free  from  shakes,  loose  knots  and 
other  imperfections.  Sashes  and  panel  work  to  be  of  perfectly  clear 
lumber. 

Clapboarding. — Cover  all  sides  with  clear  pine  clapboards,  put  on 
with  8 d.  box  nails,  with  not  less  than  1 1-4  inch  lap.  These  boards  to 

be  underlaid  with brand,  rosin-sized,  waterproof  sheathing  felt, 

which  also  place  under  cornei  boards,  casings,  etc.,  so  as  to  lap  and 
make  a tight  job. 

Corner  Boards,  casings,  and  bands,  1 1-4x7  inches;  bands  to  be 
rabbeted  top  and  bottom  for  clapboards. 

Water  Table.— To  be  furred  off  from  frame,  and  to  have  beveled 
cap  t 1-2  inches  thick. 

Cornices.— To  be  formed  on  3x5  inch  rafter  feet,  cut  as  shown,  and 
spiked  on  to  rafters  at  plate;  the  plancier  to  be  formed  by  laying 
narrow  pine  matched  boards  face  down  on  rafter  feet;  barge  boards 
and  gable  staffs  to  be  2 1-2  inches  thick  and  as  shown.  Brackets,  as 
shown,  and  all  as  per  details.  Gutters  to  be  of  galvanized  iron, 
graded  to  shed  water  to  points  indicated  on  plan. 

Leaders. — Furnish  all  the  required  leaders  of  sufficient  size  to  con- 
vey the  water  from  the  gutters  to  the  cistern  and  the  tank  in  attic; 
said  leaders  to  be  firmly  secured  to  building. 

Finial. — To  be  of  wrought  iron,  as  per  details,  to  have  galvanized 
iron  cover  to  base. 

Window  Frames. — To  be  made  in  the  ordinary  manner;  cellar 
frames  to  be  made  out  of  2 inch  plank,  rabbeted  for  sash;  sash 
hinged  to  top  and  to  have  suitable  fasteners  to  keep  open  or  shut;  all 
sash  to  be  of  seasoned  pine,  1 1-2  inches  thick,  and  double  hung  with 
best  hemp  cords,  iron  weights,  and  1 3-4  inch  sham  axle  pulleys,  and 
to  be  glazed  with  English  sheet  glass,  all  to  be  well  bedded,  bradded 
and  puttied;  window  in  dining-room,  on  to  veranda,  to  be  hinged; 
window  sills  2 1-2  inches  thick. 


Fzkttj. — 7:  hare  counter-shelf  and  fear  shelves  above:  c7 set  for 
bame  o:  near.  t7  71  in  ai:tt7--f£f  n7o  gut  In  twc  dove-taned 
drawers.  and  pur  up  one  doze*  pot  hocks. 

Fz::zn. — 7:  imve  table  mm  c c set  under,  and  fires  dove-railed 
drawers,  =7.3  shelves  as  shorn. 

7 — 7:  have  ire."-:  :r  net:  ::r::  nud  dottle  wardrobe 

i :ocr  5 In-one;  no-um.  on  rear  melded  strips. 

Fmrmitmre. — To  font  doors  to  be  Tucker  bronze;  other  doors, 
r - - : r err.  : er  r : . rr: : - rr  . : : e : . . . r _ 

' Lades. — All  doors  throughout  to  be  scarred  with  mortise  lodes, 
of  leer  out  make.  bras;  from.  ixis  and  key;  outside  c ocr;  to  have 

7 ;:  — r ::  rr  ober-tigned  ds»T  i*'pe  la  base  where  required. 
Hiagiag. — Hang  aH  doers  with  loose  'joint  both,  of  approfmme 
=ae.  all  1 oor;  ov-r  - :'~r.  a aches  nigh  to  bare  three  butts  each, 
a . mu  r ear;  : rar.  rr  mass  rrar  •.  ar  c parent  o * : heaves. 

B'.-.—i racsr  rear  ac  have  fell  connected  — fa  ketchen,  wi m pall 
ecu.,  complete. 

7if> aa  front  fa;:,  combined  satis  lock.  and  suppned  with 

two  keys. 

C -r.  7.  m and  gam  : .a*  u r.  cedau.  aa  be  boarded  up  wuti  marched 
bear  7 a;  known:  .rare  :a  at  Tar  to  i<e  batten  doors. 


3fjrJe7s. — Consmact  raaarel  in  hall  of  ash.  as  per  details;  furnish 
and  pat  ap  foar  slate  —artels:  all  hearths  of  slate,  to  have  summer 
fronts.  eta.,  cctaplete.  and  to  cost  $icc  and  be  selectee  by  owner: 

at  artels  la  bedroom  on  hast  door,  and  two  chambers,  to  be  neat 

wotden  mar  tel  a 

Foou.". — Any  other  work  that  Is  shown  ty  the  drawing’s,  and  neces- 
sary ;o  fa7y  complete  the  work,  to  inky  complete  the  same  to  the 
rrae  intent  ana  meaning  of  these  particulars,  rs  to  be  done  without 
extra  charge. 

SLATER. 

Caver  all  roofs  with  best black  slate,  of  small  size, 

lata  with  a lap  of  at  least  3 Inches  of  the  third  over  the  hrst;  each 

slate  to  be  nailed  with  two  galvanized  iron  nails;  lay  under  slate 
heavy  tarred  felt  rarer:  cover  the  ridges  mob  zinc,  also  fash  valleys 
ana  chimneys  mlfh  heavy  zinc,  and  secure  with  slater’s  cement.  To 
be  a fir  so-c  lass  job,  and  warranted  tight  for  two  years. 

PLUMBER. 

IrzK  S::.'-r:re. — Famish,  and  connect  with  drain,  a 4 inch  cast-iron 
sod -pipe,  extend  up  and  connect  with  water-closet  in  bath-room 
through  61b.  lead  trap:  soil-pipe  to  he  properly  secured  and  the  joints 
caulked  trght  -safe  lead,  and  extend  up  above  roof  and  cap  with  ven- 
tilator. A7  traps  in  plum  ring  to  have  1 inch  vent  pipes  of  lead  ran 
up  to  attic  ana  connected  with  soil  or  outlet  pipe  up  above  roof. 

7r  rr.  r.  rr. — Famish  a three- quarter  arch  B lead  pipe,  connect 
wff  the  amic  tank,  and  ran  to  and  connect  with  boner  in  kitchen; 
tank  to  he  lined  wlm  alb.  lead,  and  to  have  two  inch  overnow  ran 
through  outside  wall 

Bader. — To  be  a 35 -gallon,  galvanized  iron,  of  the  best  construc- 
7:  a.  connected  to  water  back  of  range  through  double  A lead  pipe 
ana  brass  couplings:  these  pipes  to  be  left  ready  for  connection. 

Si  mi. — To  be  20x30x6  inch  cast-iron,  galvanized,  supplied  with 
hot  and  cold  warer  through  fire-eighths  inch  E lead  pipe,  five-eighths 
inch  brass  craw  c-orks,  to  have  2 inch  waste,  properly  trapped  and 
connected. 

Pump. — Par  in  a combination  lift  and  force  pomp,  to  cost  $12; 
connect  the  same  oh  cistern  anc  we7  through  one  and  one-quarter 
inch  B lead  pipes,  provided  with  step  cocks  one  on  each  pipe,  placed 
beneath  the  pump,  connect  with  tank  and  attic  through  1 inch  B 
lead  pipe  and  ran  tell -tale  hack  from  tank  to  sink. 

"77  7 7 — Supply  the  m;  wash  rad;  m lurry — a :.::  rr  f 
cold  water,  through  five-eighths  inch  B lead  p:pe  and  brass  thimble 
tray  firaw  cocks,  to  have  2 men  main  waste  and  one  and  one-half  inch 
branch  wastes,  properly  trapped  and  connected. 

Wmshkaasls. — To  be  of ware,  and  to  have  marble  coun- 

ter sank  tops  and  -arrases,  supplied  with  hot  and  cold  water  through 
cue-half  inch  B lead  pip>e  and  compression  double  ruckle-plated  draw- 
cocks.  and  plated  plug  and  chair;  to  have  1 inch  lead  wastes,  proper- 
ly mapped  and  connected:  lead  pans  to  each  with  one-half  inch  lead 
waste  ran  down  to  underside  cellar  ceiling. 

Wnter-daset  to  be  a best  closet,  with  patent  drip  tray; 

aisc  paten:  shut-off  cock  to  regulate  Sow  of  water  to  bowl;  to  be  set 
aad  fit  ap  in  a perfect,  tight  and  complete  manner. 

Both  Tab. — To  be  a 12-oz.  sheet-copper  tab,  well  turned  and  plan- 
ished. supplied  wlm  hot  and  cold  water  through  five -eighths  Inch  B 
lead  pipe  ana  ruckle-plated  craw-cocks:  also  to  have  plated  plug  and 
chain:  also  rather  nose  shower-bath  attachment;  waste,  one  and  one- 
half  inch  lea fi.  properly  trapped  and  connected. 

Cocks. — Pot  in  the  necessary  stop-cocks  over  the  boiler  to  shot  the 
warer  on  from  me  upper  part  of  the  house:  also  pat  in  a lead  branch 
ermened  with  drain  with  stop-cock  for  emptying  the  boiler:  also  pat 
in  one  draw-cock  in  cellar  and  ail  other  stop  and  draw-cocks  neces- 
sary to  make  a complete  and  first-class  job;  all  pipes  to  be  graded, 
so  that  ;f  the  water  7 shat  on  they  will  Grain  dry.  and  the  whole  of 
the  work  to  be  done  In  the  very  best  and  workmanlike  manner,  and 
delivered  ap  in  a complete  and  ptntct  state  at  completion. 

PAINTER. 

Properly  stop  and  otherwise  prepare  for  aad  paint  ail  wood  work 
that  :s  customary  aad  usual  to  paint,  both  on  the  interior  and  exte- 
nt-. w:  good  coats  of  the  best  white  lead  and  raw  linseed  oil  paint. 

Paint  final  invisible  green,  and  gUd  the  tips  with  gold  leaf. 

Gram  the  wood  work  in  kitchen  and  back  hail  iightoak;  grain  din- 
ing-room and  library  walnut  and  maple;  paint  parlor  and  hail  in  tints; 


elsewhere  paint  in  one  color. 

Ail  hard  wood  to  be  properly  filled  with patent  filler  and 

finished  with  two  coats  of properly  ap- 


ph.ed  and  rubbed  down  smooth:  all  grained  work  to  be  vanished. 

F.i  the  front  doors  with filler  and  finish  with  two  coats  of 

and  rub  down. 

Pa.nt  clapboards  light  dive  crab;  paint  corner  board,  casings,  etc., 
Indian  red:  pick  oat  all  chamfers  and  cut  work  in  black,  paint  sash 
Venetian,  red:  veranda  ceilings  ultramarine  bine,  with  rafters  Indian 
red:  and  do  any  other  painting  as  required  by  the  design,  and  neces- 
sary to  fully  complete  the  same. 


Conn 


Estatolislicd.  1877,  at  Bridgeport, 

FAmSERTPMliSER  4 

ARCHITECTS, 


BETWEEN  MADISON  AND  FIFTH  AVENUES, 


SECOND  BLOCK  WEST  OF  GRAND  CENTRAL  DEPOT, 


NEW  YORK. 


Prepare  Designs,  Drawings  and  Specifications  for  Every  Description  of  Buildings  for  Erection  in  any  part  of  the 
World.  Also  give  special  attention  to  the  Remodeling  of  Existing  Structures  and  the  designing  of 

FURNITURE,  INTERIOR  DECORATIONS  AND  MONUMENTS. 

Consultations  on  a.  11  matters  pertaining  to  Building,  Drainage,  Sanitary  Works, 

"Ventilation,  Machinery,  Valuations,  Etc.,  Etc. 


We  render  Special  Services  in  the  designing  of  Public  Works,  as  Churches,  Schools,  Court  Houses, 
State,  County  and  City  Buildings.  We  can  refer  to  many  such  erected  all  over  the  United  States  and 
Canadas ; several  by  the  Brazilian  Government. 

Upwards  of  Two  Thousand  public  and  private  buildings  erected  in  all  parts  of  the  Western  World 
from  Special  Plans,  etc.,  to  meet  the  requirements  of  each  case. 


If  any  one  wishes  to  employ  us,  we  shall  be  pleased  to  hear  from  them,  and 
will  undertake  to  serve  them  in  the  best,  most  careful  and  faithful  manner; 
but  it  is  usually  expected  that  inquiries  will  be  accompanied  with  stamp  for 
reply.  During  the  past  two  or  three  years  we  answered  at  considerable  cost  in 
time,  postage,  etc.,  several  thousand  letters  of  inquiry  from  people  everywhere, 
who  omitted  to  inclose  stamp;  and,  in  a great  many  instances,  these  inquiries 
were  of  little  account.  We  have  no  desire  to  he  troubled  for  nothing;  though, 
as  a matter  of  courtesy,  we  answer  all  letters  promptly,  and  shall  continue  to 
do  so. 

It  matters  not  whether  our  clients  reside  in  the  States  of  Connecticut,  Mas- 
sachusetts or  New  York,  near  to  us  or  3,000  miles  away — Distance  is  no  Ob- 
stacle— we  can  serve  them  equally  as  well,  as  upwards  of  two  thousand  of  our 
clients  residing  in  every  State  and  Territory  in  the  Union,  Canada,  Nova  Sco- 
tia and  the  Brazils  can  testify;  and  wherever  our  designs  are  carried  out  clients 
are  pleased,  press  and  public  extol  on  the  art  and  conveniences,  being  the  won- 
der and  admiration  of  everyone;  and  builders  everywhere  are  unanimous  in 
their  statements  that  they  are  the  best  that  they  were  ever  engaged  to  execute, 
and  that  the  drawings,  specifications  and  all  the  instruments  of  service  are  ren- 
dered in  the  most  thorough,  complete  and  practical  manner  for  them  to  work 
from,  and  to  enable  them  to  put  the  work  together  without  the  slightest  error; 
and  every  one  may  certainly  rest  assured  that  we  shall  not,  at  this  stage  of  our 
practice,  do  a service  in  any  manner  that  will  not  give  the  fullest  satisfaction. 
Our  study  is  faithful  service  for  our  clients’  best  interests. 

“ Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.  came  to  this  country  some  few  years  ago, 
and  were  the  first  to  introduce  this  modern  taste  into  our  domestic  architecture, 
striking  at  everything  in  the  shape  of  ugliness  and  putting  forth  instead  sound 
and  economical  construction  combined  with  good  taste  in  design.  They  are 
gentlemen  who  have  had  a thorough  practical  training,  are  able  mechanics  and 
constructors,  and  their  artistic  ability  is  seen  in  everything  that  comes  from 
their  hands;  in  fact,  there  is  nothing  that  can  compare  with  it.  They  have 
earned  a national  reputation.” — American  Builder. 

“Their  beautiful  designs  mark  them  as  public  benefactors,  for  any  man  is 
such  who  adds  to  the  comfort  and  beauty  of  the  homes  of  the  nation.” — Chicago 
Inter- Ocean. 

“ In  their  work  they  combine  consummate  art  with'  economy  and  agree- 
ment of  estimate  with  cost.” — The  South. 

“ These  gentlemen  are  evidently  thoroughly  practical  and  accomplished 
architects,  with  the  comparatively  rare  gift  of  common  sense.” — Iron  Age. 

“ Their  designs,  even  for  the  cheapest  dwellings,  are  tasteful,  picturesque 
and  elegant.” — Scientific  American. 

“Palliser,  Palliser&  Co.  have  been  successful  in  many  important  com- 
petitions for  every  description  of  public  buildings  in  which  they  were  inviied 


to  take  part,  both  in  this  country  and  Canada.  Among  the  most  recent  may 
be  mentioned  the  Escambia  County  Court  House  at  Pensacola,  Florida,  being 
limited  and  paid,  and  the  great  School  House  competition  open  to  the  whole 
country  and  instituted  by  the  Board  of  Education  of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  with  a 
view  to  providing  healthier  and  more  convenient  school  houses  for  their  pro- 
gressive and  beautiful  city;  a premium  of  $500  being  offered  in  addition  to  the 
work  of  making  full  plans,  details  and  specifications  at  regular  architect’s 
charges.  Twenty-four  architects  competed  under  motto,  the  palm  being  car- 
ried off  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co. 

“ Later,  at  Elizabeth,  N.  J.,  the  School  Board  advertised  for  designs  for 
Model  School  House,  to  accommodate  600  scholars,  and  also  to  provide  large 
Assembly  Room  in  which  to  bring  the  school  together,  and  the  entire  cost  not 
to  exceed  $20,000,  offering  a prize  of  $150,  and  the  work  of  making  full  work- 
ing plans  and  superintending  the  erection  of  the  building  at  a per  cent,  on  cost 
of  same  to  the  author  of  the  best  design.  Seventeen  architects  sent  in  designs, 
the  one  by  the  Messrs.  Palliser  being  adjudged  the  best  and  most  practical. 

“There  is  probably  no  architect,  or  firm  of  architects,  in  this  country,  who 
have  taken  part  successfully  in  so  large  a number  of  architectural  competitions 
as  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  of  this  city,  whose  latest  success  has  been 
achieved  in  British  Columbia,  in  presenting  the  best  design  for  Prison  build- 
ings, to  be  erected  by  that  government,  and  thus  securing  the  first  prize  of  $500 
over  all  local  and  foreign  competitors.  They  also  recently  won  the  great  Court 
House  competition  for  Knox  County,  Tennessee,  competing  with  all  the  lead- 
ing Southern  architects.” — Daily  Paper. 

Their  success  in  business  may  be  attributed  to  the  fact  that  they  are  thor- 
oughly trained  and  practical  architects,  and  design  thefinest  buildings  and  have 
them  erected  at  the  least  cost,  scrupulously  saving  every  possible  dollar. 

Thousands  of  houses  have  beeu  built  from  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.’s 
popular  books  of  cottage  plans,  details  and  specifications.  In  fact  there  is  not 
a city,  town  or  village  of  consequence  in  the  country  but  what  contains  from 
two  to  twenty  buildings  so  erected. 

Aiken;  S.  C.f  March  28,  ’88. 
Messrs.  Pailiser,  Palliser  & Co. 

Gentlemen:— The  plans  were  received  safely  and 
both  Mr.  Croft  and  myself  were  much  pleased  with 
them.  They  are  entirely  to  our  satisfaction. 

Very  respectfulSy,  Mrs.  Geo.  Croft. 

The  above  is  a sample  of  letters  we  receive  daily  from  people  eyerywhere 
that  we  furnish  with  specially  prepared  plans,  etc.,  to  meet  all  their  wants  and 
requirements. 


PALLISER,  PALLISER  & CO.,  Architects,  24  East  42d  St.,  New  York,  are  prepared  to  receive  a limited 
number  of  suitable  young  men  as  students  in  Practical  Architecture.  Send  Stamp  for  full  particulars. 

Address  all  communications  plainly  to  PALLISER,  PALLISER  & CO.,  and  to  address  given  above. 

(93.) 


AGREEMENT  FOR  BUILDING. 


LfCopyright  the  property  of  Paeliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  New  York.] 

In  some  States,  according  to  law,  it  is  important  that  within  forty-eight  hours  after  a Contract  is  made  for  building,  it  is  put  on  file  or 
record  at  the  Town  Clerk’s  Office  by  the  party  of  the  second  part,  for  his  proper  and  legal  protection.  Several  cases  might  be  quoted  where 
Proprietors  had  to  pay  money  twice  over,  to  the  amount  of  several  hundred  dollars,  on  account  of  omission  to  put  on  record  the  contract. 


ARTICLES  OF  AGREEMENT,  made  and  entered  into  this 

day  of in  the  year  One 

Thousand,  Eight  Hundred  and 

By  and  Between of  the 

of County  of and 

State  of as  the  part of  the  first  part, 

hereinafter  called  the  Contractor  : 

And .of  the of 

County  of and  State  of as  the  part. . 

of  the  second  part,  hereinafter  called  the  Proprietor: 

Witnesseth,  First. — The  said  part of  the  first  part  do. . 

hereby,  for heirs,  executors,  administrators  or 

assigns,  covenant,  promise  and  agree  to  with  the  said  part.. 

of  the  second  part, heirs,  executors,  administrators, 

or  assigns,  that the  said  part of  the  first  part, 

heirs,  executors,  administrators,  or  assigns,  shall  and 

will,  for  the  consideration  hereinafter  mentioned,  on  or  before  the 

day  of , in  the  year  One  Thousand,  Eight 

Hundred  and well  and  sufficiently  erect,  finish  and 

deliver  in  a true,  perfect  and  thoroughly  workmanlike  manner,  the 

work  required  in  the  erection  and  completion  of 

for  the  part of  the  second  part,  on  ground 

situated in  the of 

County  of ..and  State  of , agreeably 

to  the  Plans,  Drawings  and  Specifications  prepared  for  the  said  works 

by Architect  , to  the  satisfaction  and  under 

the  direction  and  personal  supervision  of  

Architect  , and  will  find  and  provide  such  good,  proper  and  suffi- 
cient materials,  of  all  kinds  whatsoever,  as  shall  be  proper  and  suffi- 
cient for  the  completing  and  finishing  all  the 

and  other  works  of  said  building  mentioned  in  the .. 

Specifications,  and  signed  by  the  said  parties,  within  the 

time  aforesaid,  for  the  sum  of Dollars. 

Second. — The  said  part of  the  second  part  do 

hereby  for heirs,  executors,  administrators  or  assigns, 

covenant,  promise  and  agree  to  and  with  the  said  part 

of  the  first  part, heirs,  executors,  administrators,  or  as- 
signs, that  the  said  part of  the  second  part 

heirs,  executors,  administrators  or  assigns,  will  and 

shall,  in  consideration  of  the  covenants  and  agreements  being  strictly 

executed,  kept  and  performed  by  the  said  part of  the 

first  part,  as  specified,  will  well  and  truly  pay,  or  cause  to  be  paid, 

unto  the  part  of  the  first  part,  or  unto heirs, 

executors,  administrators,  or  assigns,  the  sum  of 

Dollars,  lawful  money  of  the  United  States  of  America,  in  manner 
following: 

First  payment  of  $ 

Second  payment  of  $ 

Third  payment  of  $ 

Fourth  payment  of  $ 

Fifth  payment  of  $ 

Sixth  payment  of  $ 

when  the  building is  all  complete,  and  after  the  expiration 

of days,  and  when  all  the  Drawings  and  Specifications 

have  been  returned  to Architect  . 

Provided,  That  in  each  case  of  the  said  payments,  a certificate 

shall  be  obtained  from  and  signed  by Architect 

to  the  effect  that  the  work  is  done  in  strict  accordance  with  Drawings 
and  Specifications,  and  that  he. considers  the  pay- 


ment properly  due;  said  certificate,  however,  in  no  way  lessening  the 
total  and  final  responsibility  of  the  Contractor  ; neither  shall  it 
exempt  the  Contractor  from  liability  to  replace  work,  if  it  be  after- 
wards discovered  to  have  been  done  ill,  or  not  according  to  the 
Drawings  and  Specifications,  either  in  execution  or  materials:  and 
Provided  further , that  in  each  case  a certificate  shall  be  obtained  by 
the  Contractor  , from  the  clerk  of  the  office  where  liens  are  recorded, 
and  signed  and  sealed  by  said  clerk,  that  he  has  carefully  examined 
the  records  and  finds  no  liens  or  claims  recorded  against  said  works, 
or  on  account  of  the  said  Contractor  ; neither  shall  there  be  any 
legal  or  lawful  claims  against  the  Contractor  , in  any  manner,  from 
any  source  whatever,  for  work  or  materials  furnished  on  said  works. 
And  it  is  hereby  further  agreed , by  and  between  the  said  parties  : 

First. — That  the  Specifications  and  Drawings  are  intended  to  co- 
operate, so  that  any  works  exhibited  in  the  Drawings,  and  not  men- 
tioned in  the  Specifications,  or  vice  versa , are  to  be  executed  the  same 
as  if  mentioned  in  the  Specifications  and  set  forth  in  the  Drawings, 
to  the  true  intent  and  meaning  of  the  said  Drawings  and  Specifi- 
cations. 

Second. — The  Contractor  , at  his own  proper  cost 

and  charges,  is to  provide  all  manner  of  labor,  ma- 

terials, apparatus,  scaffolding,  utensils  and  cartage  of  every  descrip- 
tion, needful  for  the  due  performance  of  the  several  works;  must 
produce,  whenever  required  by  Superintendent  or  Proprietor  , all 
vouchers  showing  the  quality  of  goods  and  materials  used;  and 
render  all  due  and  sufficient  facilities  to  the  Architect  , Superinten- 
dent or  Clerk  of  Works,  for  the  ‘proper  inspection  of  the  works 
and  materials,  and  which  are  to  be  under  their  control;  and  they 
may  require  the  Contractor  to  dismiss  any  workman  or  workmen 
who  they  may  think  incompetent  or  improper  to  be  employed;  the 
workmen  and  Contractor  being  only  admitted  to  the  ground,  for  the 
purpose  of  the  proper  execution  of  the  works,  and  have  no  tenancy. 
The  Contractor  shall  deliver  up  the  works  to  the  Proprietor  in 
perfect  repair,  clean  and  in  good  condition,  when  complete.  The 
Contractor  shall  not  sub-let  the  works,  or  any  part  thereof,  without 
consent  in  writing  of  the  Proprietor. 

Third. — Should  the  Proprietor  , at  any  time  during  the  progress 
of  the  said  works,  require  any  alterations  of,  deviations  from,  addi- 
tions to,  or  omissions  in  the  said  Contract,  Specifications  or  Plans, 

he shall  have  the  right  and  power  to  make  such  change 

or  changes,  and  the  same  shall  in  no  way  injuriously  affect  or  make 
void  the  Contract;  but  the  difference  for  work  omitted  shall  be  de- 
ducted from  the  amount  of  the  Contract,  by  a fair  and  reasonable 
valuation ; and  for  additional  work  required  in  alterations,  the 
amount  based  upon  same  prices  at  which  contract  is  taken  shall  be 
agreed  upon  before  commencing  additions,  as  provided,  and  herein- 
after set  forth  in  Article  No.  6;  and  such  agreement  shall  state  also 
the  extension  of  time  (if  any)  which  is  to  be  granted  by  reason  there- 
of. 

Fourth. — Should  the  Contractor  at  any  time  during  the  pro- 
gress of  said  works,  become  bankrupt,  refuse  or  neglect  to  supply  a 
sufficiency  of  material  or  of  workmen,  or  cause  any  unreasonable 
neglect  or  suspension  of  work,  or  fail  or  refuse  to  follow  the  Draw- 
ings and  Specifications,  or  comply  with  any  of  the  Articles  of  Agree- 
ment, the  Proprietor  or  his Agent,  shall  have  the 

right  and  power  to  enter  upon  and  take  possession  of  the  premises, 
and  may  at  once  terminate  the  Contract,  whereupon  all  claim  of  the 

Contractor  , his executors,  administrators,  or  assigns,  shall 

cease;  and  the  Proprietor  may  provide  materials  and  workmen  suf- 
ficient to  complete  the  said  works,  after  giving  forty-eight  hours’ 
notice,  in  writing,  directed  and  delivered  to  the  Contractor  , or  at 

his .residence  or  place  of  business;  and  the  expense  of 

the  notice  and  the  completing  of  the  various  works,  will  be  deducted 
from  the  amount  of  the  Contract,  or  any  part  of  it  due,  or  to  become 
due,  to  the  Contractor  ; and  in  such  case  no  scaffolding  or  fixed 
tackle  of  any  kind,  belonging  to  such  Contractor  , shall  be  removed, 
so  long  as  the  same  is  wanted  for  the  work  . But  if  any  balance 


95 


on  the  amount  of  this  Contract  remains  after  completion  in  respect  of 
work  done  during  the  time  of  the  defaulting  Contractor  , the  same 

shall  belong  to  the  persons  legally  representing  him 

but  the  Proprietor  shall  not  be  liable  or  accountable  to  them  in  any 

way  for  the  manner  in  which  he may  have  gotten 

the  work  completed. 

Fifth. — Should  any  dispute  arise  respecting  the  true  construction 
or  meaning  of  the  Drawings  or  Specifications,  or  as  to  what  is  extra 

work  outside  of  Contract,  the  same  shall  be  decided  by 

Architect  , and  his  decision  shall  be  final  and  con- 
clusive; or  in  the  event  of  his death  or  unwillingness 

to  act,  then  of  some  other  known  capable  Architect,  or  a Fellow  of 
the  American  Institute  of  Architects,  to  be  appointed  by  the  Pro- 
prietor ; but  should  any  dispute  arise  respecting  the  true  value  of 

any works  omitted  by  the  Contractor  , the  same 

shall  be  valued  by  two  competent  persons,  one  employed  by  the  Pro- 
prietor , and  the  other  by  the  Contractor  , and  these  two  shall 
have  power  to  name  an  umpire,  whose  decision  shall  be  binding  on 
all  parties. 

Sixth. — No  new  work  of  any  description  done  on  the  premises,  or 
any  work  of  any  kind  whatsoever,  shall  be  considered  as  extra  unless 
a separate  estimate  in  writing  for  the  same,  before  its  commence- 
ment, shall  have  been  submitted  by  the  Contractor  to  the  Superin- 
tendent and  the  Proprietor  , and  their  signatures  obtained  thereto, 
and  the  Contractor  shall  demand  payment  for  such  work  imme- 
diately it  is  done.  In  case  of  day’s  work,  statement  of  the  same 
must  be  delivered  to  the  Proprietor  at  latest  during  the  week  fol- 
lowing that  in  which  the  work  may  have  been  done,  and  only  such 
day’s  work  and  extra  work  will  be  paid  for  as  such  as  agreed  on 
and  authorized  in  writing. 

Seventh. — The  Proprietor  will  not,  in  any  manner,  be  answerable 
or  accountable  for  any  loss  or  damage  that  shall  or  may  happen  to 
the  said  works,  or  any  part  or  parts  thereof  respectively  or  for  any  of 
the  materials  or  other  things  used  and  employed  in  finishing  and  com- 
pleting the  said  works;  or  for  injury  to  any  person  or  persons,  either 
workmen  or  the  public,  or  for  damage  to  adjoining  property,  from 
any  cause  which  might  have  been  prevented  by  the  Contractor  or 

his workmen,  or  any  one  employed  by  him 

against  all  which  injuries  and  damages  to  persons  and  property,  the 


Contractor  having  control  over  such  work  must  properly  guard 
against,  and  must  make  good  all  damage  from  whatever  cause,  being 
strictly  responsible  for  the  same.  Where  there  are  different  Con- 
tractors employed  on  the  works,  each  shall  be  responsible  to  the  other 
for  all  damage  to  work,  to  persons  or  property,  or  for  loss  caused  by 
neglect,  by  failure  to  finish  work  at  proper  time  and  preventing  each 
portion  of  the  works  being  finished  by  the  several  Contractors  at 
date  named  in  this  Contract  for  completion, or  from  any  other  cause, 
and  any  Contractor  suffering  damage  shall  call  the  attention  of  the 
Proprietor  or  Superintendent  to  the  same,  for  action  as  laid  down 
in  Article  No.  4. 

Eighth. — The  Contractor  will  insure  the  building  to  cover  his 

interest  in  the  same  from  time  to  time,  as  required; 

and  for  any  loss  of  the  Contractor  by  fire  the  owner  will  not,  under 
any  circumstances,  be  answerable  or  accountable;  but  the  Proprietor 

shall  protect  himself by  insurance  to  cover  his 

interest  when  payments  have  been  made  to  Con- 
tractor . 

Ninth. — All  work  and  materials,  as  delivered  on  the  premises  to 
form  part  of  the  works,  are  to  be  considered  the  property  of  the 

Proprietor  , and  are  not  to  be  removed  without  his 

consent;  but  the  Contractor  shall  have  the  right  to  remove  all  sur- 
plus materials  after  his  completing  the  works. 

Tenth. — Should  the  Contractor  fail  to  finish  the  work  at  or  be- 
fore the  time  agreed  upon, shall  pay  to  or  allow 

the  Proprietor  , by  way  of  liquidated  damages,  the  sum  of 

dollars  per  diem,  for  each  and  every  day  thereafter  the  said  works 
remain  incomplete. 

Eleventh. — 

In  Witness  Whereof,  the  said  parties  to  these  presents  have  here- 
unto set  their  hands  and  seals  the  day  and  year  above  written. 

Signed  and  Sealed  in  the  presence  of 

Witnesses. \ d art  of  the  \ seal. 

f First  part,  f seal. 

Witnesses.  Part  of  the\ seal. 

f Second  Part.  (_ seal. 


Be  sure  and  have  a right  Contract  before  going  ahead,  as  by  so  doing  you  may  save  an  endless  amount  of  trouble  and,  it  may  be,  some  money.  A 
poor  contract  has  often  cost  $500  to  $1,000. 

PALLISER  BUILDING  CONTRACT  FORMS,  with  Bond,  price  5 cents  each,  40  cents  per  dozen.  They  are  indorsed  by  Architects,  Builders 
and  Lawyers  throughout  the  United  States  and  Canada, 


PALLISER’S  USEFUL  DETAILS 


(RECENTLY  PUBLISHED) 

An  Entirely  New,  Original  and  Practical  Work — See  Full  Description  and  List  of  Contents  on 

Pages  98  and  99  of  this  Work, 


Is  readily  bought  and  greatly  appreciated  by  all  practical  workmen  and  every  one  in  want  of  ideas  on  design 
and  construction  of  every  description  of  Modern  Architectural  Detail. 

Igp®  We  will  send  it  to  any  address,  securely  packed  and  postage  paid,  on  receipt  of  $2.00,  which  is  only 
five  cents  for  each  plate,  20x26  inches  in  size.  All  building  mechanics,  etc.,  who  know  this  will,  we  are  certain, 
immediately  send  for  the  work,  as  they  all  want  it,  and  they  know  full  well  that  he  who  exhibits  the  most  knowl- 
edge and  skill  has  the  best  work  to  do  and  the  best  prices  for  doing  it. 


The  leading  Architectural  Journal  in  America  says  about  “ Useful 
Details  ” : — 

“ We  have  often  wondered  that  some  American  publishers  did  not 
undertake  to  produce  such  a book,  for  it  has  been  evident  that  a large 
sale  could  be  found  for  a work  showing  American  constructive  details 
of  a good  character  ; but  at  length  has  appeared  just  the  work,  and 
which  has  about  it  the  indications  of  a useful  and  successful 
undertaking  —Useful  to  those  who  subscribe  for  it  and  successful 
as  a business  venture  for  the  author  publishers.  Grouped  upon 
single  folio  sheets  are  a multitude  of  details,  well  arranged  and  pro- 
perly co-ordinated,  of  such  constructive  features  as  must  be  wrought 
into  the  small  houses,  stables,  shops,  etc.,  in  whose  construction 
nine-tenths  of  the  mechanics  and  a large  proportion  of  the  Architects 
of  this  country  find  occupation.  ‘ Useful  ’ Details  they  are  pro- 
perly called. 

“When  one  sees  the  prodigality  with  which  the  authors  have  made 
public  their  ideas,  one  can  but  smile  afresh  at  the  remark  of  an 
English  Architect,  ‘ D’ye  know,  I wouldn’t  be  doing  that,  ye  know. 
When  I got  an  idea  I wouldn’t  be  giving  it  to  the  other  fellows.  I’d 


be  keeping  it  for  my  own  work,  ye  know  ’ ” — From  the  American 
Architect  and  Building  IVews. 

B.  F.  Carpenter,  a Builder  at  Glenville,  Ohio,  writes,  “I  have  your 
Useful  Detads  and  think  thev  ought  to  be  in  the  hands  of  every 
Builder  and  Mechanic  in  the  country.  I would  not  take  for  mine 
five  times  what  it  cost  if  I could  not  get  another.” 

Messrs.  Fuller  & Wheeler,  Contractors  and  Builders;  Lansing, 
Mich.,  say  : “We  have  used  several  of  the  Useful  Details  and  the 
work  always  looks  fine  and  tasteful.  Every  Builder  and  Mechanic 
should  have  them.” 

All  who  get  a copy  say  the  same  as  above,  and  are  generally  sorry 
they  did  not  have  it  a few  weeks  before  when  they  had  use  for  it 
on  such  and  such  work. 

We  could  print,  had  we  the  space,  thousands  of  the  most  flattering 
letters  received  from  people  everywhere  who  have  procured  Useful 
Details  the  past  few  months;  in  fact  words  will  not  express  their 
great  satisfaction  at  the  reasonable  price  for  such  an  immense  work. 
Many  say  oftentimes  one  design  or  one  idea  is  worth  the  price  to 
them. 


Every  Architect,  Carpenter,  Builder,  Woodworker,  Stair-Builder,  Sash,  Blind  and  Door  Maker,  Cabinet 
Maker,  Mason  and  Plasterer,  should  get  a copy  of  this  valuable  work. 

Ideas  are  just  as  necessary  to  the  mechanic  as  his  tools.  This  book  contains  nearly  eleven  hundred  valu- 
able ideas. 


A NEW  AND  IMPORTANT  WORK 

JUST  ISSUED. 

PALLISER’S  NEW  COTTAGE  HOMES. 

. . . . . l . . • » » « • ♦ « » »' . : . v 

WITH  DETAIL  DRAWINGS. 

The  Best,  the  Largest,  the  Finest,  Most  Practical  and  Complete  Work  ever  issued  on  Plans  of 

Medium  and  Low  Cost  Houses, 

= ~ . ^ -v  CON  TAI NIN  G-—  ~ ~ ~ 

One  Hundred  and  Sixty  New  and  Original  Designs  for  Cottages  and  Villas, 

Including  everjr  description  of  Modern  Dwelling  for  the  Seaside,  the  South,  Winter  and  Summer  Resorts,  etc..  Double  Houses, 
Country  Houses,  Farm  Houses,  and  City.  Suburban,  Village  and  Town  Residences  of  every  kind  and  variety  in  every 
conceivable  combination  of  stone,  brick,  timber,  plaster  and  frame,  costing  from  $75  to  $7,500,  giving  all  the 
comforts  and  conveniences,  and  suited  to  everjr  taste,  location,  want,  etc. 

ALSO  FIFTY  NEW  DESIGNS  FOR  CITY  BRICK  BLOCK  HOUSES. 

The  whole  affording  the  largest  field  of  selection  from  the  most  approved  and  latest  prevailing  styles  of  domestic  architecture. 
~ - ^ILLUSTRATED  BY^^= 

PLANS,  ELEVATIONS  AND  PERSPECTIVE  VIEWS 

Worn  practical  working  drawings  to  a uniform  scale,  and  not  like  the  impractical  sketch  views  which  fill  so  many  cheap  Architec- 
tural books  that  are  in  reality  issued  only  as  catalogues  and  price  lists  of  printed  plans. 


1,500  DETAIL  DRAWINGS, 

Covering  the  whole  range  of  interior  finishing  and  exterior  construction  and  ornamentation  of  the  plans  in  this  work,  and  all  to  a 

uniform  large  scale. 

Cabinetwork  of  every  description,  Mantels,  Sideboards,  Book  Cases,  Cabinets,  Dressers,  etc.,  etc.,  in  almost  endless  numbers  and 

variety. 

Stairs,  Hand.  Railings,  Newels,  and  Balusters. 

Details  will  be  found  to  cover  every  question  that  can  arise  in  constructing  dwellings  of  every  kind. 

FENCES,  SUMMER  HOUSES,  PAVILIONS,  CONSERVATORIES,  ARBORS,  WELL  CURBS,  OUTBUILDINGS,  Etc,  Etc. 


TWELVE  NEW  DESIGNS  FOR  STABLES  & CARRIAGE  HOUSES. 


Descriptive  Letter  Press,  giving  practical  suggestions,  cost,  etc,,  which  would  alone  fill  an 

ordinary  book  of  1 50  pages. 


Details  of  Furniture  of  every  description,  so  plain  that  any  good  mechanic  can  understand  and 

execute  the  same. 


Perspective  Views  of  Four  houses  printed  in  colors,  showing  howto  paint. 


Specifications  and  Form  of  Building  Contract,  Etc.,  Etc. 


One  large  (11x14  inches)  volume,  printed  on  heavy  cream  plate  paper,  handsomely  hound  in  boards  and  leather,  price  FOTJ R 
DOLLARS.  Sent  securely  packed  in  box,  by  express,  prepaid,  to  any  address,  on  receipt  of  price. 


To  all  Builders  and  people  who  design  erecting  buildings,  or  making  improvements  of  any  kind,  this  book  is  worth  many  times 
its  cost.  Any  one  renting  a house  or  about  to  purchase  should  study  this  book  and  see  what  perfect  houses  are  like. 


Remit  by  bank  cashier’s  draft  on  New  York  or  Chicago,  or  by  post  office 
or  express  money  order,  or  in  registered  letter.  Never  send  money  in  letter 
without  registering.  When  registered  it  is  perfectly  safe,  as  your  postmaster 
■will  give  receipt,  and  will  also  secure  and  give  you  receipt  signed  by  us, 
showing  that  we  received  it  just  the  same  as  if  you  brought  it  to  us  and  took  a 
receipt  yourself.  Full  list  of  hooks  on  Architecture,  Building,  Carpentry, 
Drawing,  Painting,  Decoration,  Plumbing,  etc.,  mailed  free  on  application. 


Please  call  the  attention  of  builders,  mechanics  and  people  intending  to 
build,  and  others  to  this. 

If  you  wili  be  good  enough  to  send  us  names  of  any  builders  and  bund- 
ing mechanics,  or  people  intending  to  build,  we  shall  be  much  obliged,  and 
so  will  the  persons  whose  names  you  send  us. 


4 


(Reduced  from  half  plate  of  large  Scale  Exterior  Details  in  Palliser’s  New  Cottage  Homes.) 


ome§ 


(Reduction  of  large 


The  value  of  this  work  to  Builders  cannot  be  estimated,  as  it  contains 
Plans  and  Details  for  just  such  houses  as  they  are  called  on  to  build 
every  day  in  the  week.  There  is  not  a Contractor  and  Builder  the 
country  who  can  afford  to  neglect  this  book.  Building  Me- 
chanics Should  all  possess  it.  No  matter  what  kind  of  a job  they 
are  called  on  to  do,  here  are  the  ideas  to  help  them  out.  Ideas  are  as 
necessary  as  tools,  and  this  work  contains  thousands  of  practical  ideas. 

It  is  the  educated  Mechanic  who  goes  to  the  front  every  time. 


□ QQ 
D|S 
DND 

□ io 

□ If  O 

□ □□ 


Miniature  Elevations  and  Views  of  a few  of  the  Designs  which  are 
fully  illustrated  by  Plans,  Elevations,  Perspective  Views,  Details, 

Etc.,  in  PALLISER’S  NEW  COTTAGE  HOMES. 


Remember  that  Palliser’s  New  Cottage  Homes  is  uot  a catalogue 
of  plans,  neither  does  it  contain  old  illustrations  used  in  any  other  work.  It 

is  a complete  Library  of  Modern  Architectural  Plans  and 
Details,  all  of  new  and  original  design. 

Those  contemplating  the  erection  of  a house  cannot  afford  to  be  without  this 
book,  and  who  does  not  intend  building  some  time  in  their  life?  Hundreds  of 
thousands  of  our  popular  books  of  plans,  details  and  specifications  have  been  sent 
to  all  parts  the  past  ten  years,  and  thousands  of  houses  have  been  built  from  them  ; 
in  fact,  there  is  not  a city,  town  or  village  of  consequence  in  the  United  States  but 
what  contains  one  or  more  buildings  so  erected, and  some  places  have  as  many  as  twenty. 

We  are  glad  to  note  that  customers  have  ordered  book  after  book  from  us,  and 
that  many  have  six  or  eight  of  our  publications,  all  of  a 1’ich  goes  to  show  that  our 
efforts  are  appreciated. 

5ggr  Do  not  fail  to  send  for  Palliser’s  N&w  Cottage  Homes.  Se 
curely  packed  in  a box  and  sent  by  express  to  any  address  prepaid  on  receipt  of 

$4.00. 


REDUCED  TOOK  LASGS  8CALS  DETAIL  DRAWINGS  IN  PALLISER’S  NEW  COTTAGE  HOMES. 


J.  S.  OG1LVIE  PUBLISHING  COMPANY, 
p.  o.  Box,  2767.  57  Rose  Street,  New  York, 


PALLISE  R’S  USEFUL  DETAILS, 

AN  IMMENSE  PRACTICAL  WORK  ON  EYERY  DESCRIPTION  OP  MODERN  ARCHITECTURAL  RETAIL. 

FORTY  PLATES,  size  of  each  20x26  inches. 

The  cost  of  Drawing  each  Plate  for  Engraving  is  $35,  and  the  Price  for  the  whole  Forty 

Plates  published  is  put  at  the  nominal  sum  of  $2. 

A few  specimens  of  exterior  details  from  these  Plates  are  given  below,  reduced  to  one-sixth  the  size  as  given  on  Plates. 

^ ^ 350211  . ^-ach  Plate  is  engraved  and  printed  on 


tinted  plate  paper,  so  as  not  to  soil  by  hand- 
ling, and  is  a fac-simile  of  original  Drawing 
without  reduction,  therefore  just  the  same 
as  if  drawn  by  hand  for  placing  in  the  hands 
of  the  mechanic  for  execution.  They  are 
given  at  a very  large  scale,  none  being 
smaller  than  ^ inch  to  foot,  and  many  lar- 
ger and  up  to  half  full  size  ; in  fact,  they  are 
so  plain  that  every  mechanic  and  apprentice 
can  readily  understand  them.  That  they  are 
practical  designs  is  evident,  all  the  drawings 
having  been  built  from,  many  of  them  du- 
plicated several  times  over,  and  the  thou- 
sands of  letters  received  from  mechanics 
the  past  two  years  have  convinced  the  au- 
thors that  this  is  the  work  they  need. 

PALLISER’S  7SEFUL  DETAILS  are  published  tor 
the  benefit  of  the  builder,  mechanic,  and  all 
people  interested  in  the  Building  Arts.  They 
embrace  a variety  of  constructional  Draw- 
ings for  all  classes  of  work — exterior  and 
interior — pertaining  to  the  erection  of  build- 
ings of  every  description,  and  such  as  never 
before  published.  The  designs  shown  are 
a free  adaptation  of  the  so-called  Queen 
Anne  and  all  other  new  and  popular  styles. 

Each  plate  is  worth  ten  times  the  price 
charged  for  the  whole  to  any  one  requiring 
any  ideas  for  the  new,  artistic,  and  useful,  be 
it  ever  so  little.  If  you  wish  to  build  a fence, 
a door,  a mantel-piece,  book-case,  or  any 
special  features  for  outside  or  inside  work, 
as  gable  finish,  a porch,  veranda,  cornices,  bay-window,  or  to  finish  up  a dining-room  or  hall  in  any  special  style  or  manner,  here  are  the  ideas  which  will  give 
the  key  to  enable  you  to  work  out  your  problems ; and.  furtnermore,  it  has  been  the  aim  of  the  author  to  fully  prove  to  the  mechanic  that  these  new  styles  of 
exterior  and  interior  construction  and  ornamentation,  when  properly  understood,  are  no  more  expensive  or  difficult  to  execute  than  the  ordinary  jig-sawed,  gin- 
ger-bread, box-like  work  that  have  had  their  day  ; to  prove  to  the  masses  that  the  false  ideas  of  ornamentation  without  constructional  qualifications  are  as  vulgar 
to  the  true  mechanic  as  brass  compared  with  gold  to  the  goldsmith ; to  help  those  who  are  seeking  to  help  themselves,  and  to  promote  a higher  artistic  feeling 
in  connection  with  the  every-day  work  of  the  mechanic,  and  to  do  the  same  without  any  more  cost  than  if  the  old  rates  were  followed. 

Among  the  details  given  are  for  brick  and  stone  work,  water-tables,  sills,  belt  courses,  steps,  window  and  door  openings,  cornices,  chimneys,  panels  and 
other  miscellaneous  brick  and  stone  work,  including  terra-cotta  work  of  a large  variety. 

For  exterior  wood  work  ; framing,  giving  plans,  elevations  or  sections  of  same  ; water-tables,  belts,  gables,  brackets,  balconies,  verandas,  porches,  door  and 
window  frames  ; towers,  cupolas,  ventilators,  roofs,  store  fronts,  steps  and  buttresses ; balustrades  for  all  kinds  of  balcony  and  veranda  finish ; wood  fences  in 
such  style  and  variety  never  before  dreamt  of,  but  all  very  practical*and  elegant  in  their  simplicity ; barge  boards,  rafter  feet  and  cornice  in  endless  variety  ; 
overhanging  projections,  combinations  of  brick,  stone  and  wood  finish  ; dormer  windows  of  different  styles  and  finish,  adapted  to  modern  work  ; crestings, 
finials,  front  and  outside  doors,  conservatories,  plant  cabinets,  drive  porches,  finish  for  barns,  out-houses,  well-houses,  summer-houses,  grape  arbor  and  other 
detail,  too  numerous  to  mention.  For  interior  work  will  be  found  different  styles  of  finish  for  every  part,  and  which  includes  doors  of  almost  every  kind  and  finish ; 
window  finish,  casings  and  architraves,  , 

base  boards,  chair  boards,  wainscoting,  JO-—— — - ■<?  4E  - tL  KfT 

sideboards,  side  tables,  hall  stands,  ' ’’  “ ° -*'■  ■ p 

book-cases,  tables,  chairs,  benches, 
pews  and  seats  for  churches ; stands, 
drawers,  wardrobes  —all  easy  practical 
designs,  such  as  the  master  mechanic 
can  readily  execute.  Staircases,  newels, 
rails,  balusters,  mantel-pieces,  picture 
molding,  wood  and  plastercornices,  cen- 
terpieces,brackets, beam  and  arch  finish, 
wooden  ceilings,  wood  finish  for  side 
walls,  inlaid  floors,  bank  counters,  desks' 
and  office  fittings ; grocery,  dry  goods 
and  drug  store  fittings.  Also,  a new, 
full  and  comprehensive  method  of 

Slair  Building  and  Hand  Hailing, 

prepared  expressly  for  this  work.  The 
easiest  and  simplest  yet  devised,  having 
few  lines  and  complications,  hence  can 
be  readily  understood.  Every  one  of 
these  stair  problems  is  drawn  to  a scale 
of  i '/t  inches  to  the  foot,  and  are  such 
as  the  carpenter  has  to  encounter  in  his 
every-day  work,  hence  their  useful- 
ness. 

Above  are  given  a few  examples,  reduced  to  one-fourth  the  size,  as  given  on  Plates  of  interior  details. 

Pal  User's  Useful  Details  is  the  first  work  of  its  kind  ever  published  in  this  country  and  meets  a real  demand  never  before  supplied.  It  is  to  the 
intelligent  mechanic  what  the  encyclopaedia  is  to  the  student  and  journalist.  Every  Builder  and  Mechanic  should  possess  it. 

Palliser  s Useful  Details  is  the  best  work  of  its  kind  ever  issued,  and  at  one-quarter  the  price  of  any  previous  attempt,  and  also  contains  twice  as 
much  material. 

The  ideas  or  designs  need  not  be  used  as  a whole.  The  parts  being  complete  in  themselves,  they  can  be  combined  so  as  to  produce  different  results.  No 
matter  what  kind  of  a job  you  are  called  on  to  do,  here  are  the  ideas  to  help  you  out. 

Mechanics,  as  a rule,  say  they  cannot  afford  to  be  without  this  Book  of  Drawings,  rather  than  they  cannot  afford  to  buy  it,  and  all  wish  they  had  got  it  sooner. 

When  you  look  at  the  contents  in  detail,  you  will  be  surprised  that  so  much  can  be  given  at  so  low  a price.  Only  $3,00  for  these  40plat.es — only  5 cults 
which  furnish  the  mechanic  nearly  eleven  hundred  ideas,  and  practical  ideas  that  you  want  every  day. 


PMkkISSffi 


An  Immense  Work. 

New  Edition  in  Paper  Portfolio,  size  14  x 22  inches.  Price,  postpaid,  only  $2.00.  Now  Ready. 
Address  J.  S.  OGILVIE,  57  ROSE  STREET,  NEW  YORK. 


- 


Plate  1 — Ground  floor  plan  of  gate,  lodge  and  entrance  gates.  Second  floor 
plan  of  lodge.  Elevations  of  wrought-iron  entrance  gates,  stone  posts 
and  fence  walls.  3 Drawings. 

Plate  2 — 17  gates,  fences  and  posts  in  wood.  34  Drawings. 

Piate  3 — 21  inside  doors  with  casings  on  each. 

Plate  4 — 12  wood  mantels,  with  sections  and  plans.  30  Drawings. 

Plate  5 — 8 book-cases,  elevations  and  sections.  Writing-desk  and  book- 
case. Hanging  shelf,  2 hanging  book-cases.  7 full-size  sections  of  shelf 
edges.  22  Drawings. 

Plate  6 — 10  gables,  hood  in  gable,  with  brackets,  cresting,  etc.  21  Draw- 
ings. 

Plate  7 — Plan  of  large  dry  goods  store,  showing  position  of  shelving, 
counters,  etc.  Elevations  and  sections  of  store  shelving,  counter,  office 
front  and  desks,  cutting  table,  store  tables.  Elevation  in  detail  of  store 
fronts.  | lull-size  two-angle  sash  bars.  15  Drawings. 

Plate  8 — Two  Jacobean  Gables,  one  with  oriel  bay  window,  and  one  with 
chimney  outside.  7 Drawings. 

Plate  V — 2 front  porches,  5 verandas,  2 window  or  door  hoods,  step  but- 
tress, 2 veranda  rails.  18  Drawings. 

Plate  10 — 9 gables,  4 brackets,  2 barge  ends,  1 cornice.  1G  Drawings. 

Plate  11 — 7 sideboards,  elevations,  plans  and  sections.  1 side  table.  19 
Drawings. 

Plate  12 — 6 gables,  1 ridge  crest,  2 cornices,  2 brackets,  1 barge  foot. 
18  Drawings. 

Plate  13 — Back  porch  and  entrance  door.  Brick  and  stone  recessed 
porch  and  front  doors.  Front  and  end  view  of  veranda,  and  section  of 
cornice  and  roof.  Recessed  balcony  over  front  door.  Balcony  ceiling. 
Stone  steps,  buttress  and  section.  Porch  roof  section.  11  Drawings. 

Plate  14— 7 gables  and  barge  finish.  2 gables,  with  balcony  in  same. 
Ventilator  gable.  Dormer  gable.  17  Drawings. 

Plate  15 — 12  gabFs  and  barge  board  finish.  6 gable  and  cornice  brackets. 
4 eave  cornices.  32  Drawings. 

Plate  16 — 5 verandas  and  porch  finish.  Balcony  over  brick  projection. 
Hanging  balcony  hood.  Second  story  balcony.  15  Drawings. 

Plate  17—2  porches,  dormer,  4 hoods,  veranda  newel,  step  buttress,  15 
veranda  brackets.  29  Drawings. 

Plate  18 — 3 gables,  timber  and  brick  work,  and  cornice.  8 Drawings. 

Plate  19 — Finish  for  14  staircases.  Plan  of  staircase  with  hall  settee. 
Motto  in  art  g'lass.  Wood  beam  finish,  etc.  17  Drawings. 

Plate  20 — Finish  for  11  gables  with  brackets,  and  sections.  24  Draw- 
ings. 

Plate  21 — 13  wood  mantel-pieces,  sections,  plans,  elevations.  32  Draw- 
ings. 

Plate  22 — 8 sideboards.  Sideboard  and  book-case  combined,  plans, 
sections,  elevations,  etc.  22  Drawings. 

Plate  23 — 2 ridge  crests.  7 gables.  Staircase  dormer.  2 balcony  hoods. 
Roof  ventilator.  21  Drawings. 

Plate  24 — 8 wood  mantels,  elevations,  plans  and  sections.  24  Drawings. 

Plate  25 — 15  figures  hand-railing  problems,  with  instructions  for  work- 
ing. 

Plate  26 — 5 figures  hand-railing  problems,  with  instructions  for  working. 

Plate  27 — Plan  of  bank,  showing  location  of  counters,  desk,  vault,  stairs, 
and  lavatory.  Elevations  and  sections  of  bank  counters.  Elevation 
of  partition  across  bank.  Elevation,  section  and  plan  of  counter  for  bank 
and  insurance  office.  2 side  wall  desks.  Wainscot  and  door  casing,  with 
sections.  3 wainscot  caps.  22  Drawings. 

Plate  28 — Elevation  and  section  of  brick  and  stone  bank  front,  with  plan 
of  front.  7 brick  cornices  and  sections.  16  Drawings. 


Plate  29 — Cellar  window  and  section.  Attic  casement.  3 bay  windows 
and  sections  of  jambs,  cornices,  transom,  and  sills.  2 sections  of  water 
tables.  Belt  course.  Window  frame  for  brick.  Door  frame  to  brick  wall. 
Elevations  of  casement  window,  and  2 dormer  windows,  with  sections. 
29  Drawings. 

Plate  30 — 13  plaster  cornices,  £ full  size.  5 arch  and  angle  molds,  4 full 
size.  5 panel  molds,  | full  size.  7 center-pieces,  suitable  for  either  wood 
or  plaster.  11  brackets.  2 niches.  2 belt  courses,  with  sections.  65  Draw- 
ings. 

Plate  31—7  iron  finials  and  crests.  5 terra-cotta  finials  and  ridge  crests. 
6 wood  finials.  5 ridge  crests  in  wood.  3 cornices  and  sections,  2 gables. 
Plan  and  elevation  of  area  cover.  36  Drawings. 

Plate  32— Ornamental  front  brick  work,  with  terra-cotta  name  tablet, 
frieze,  belts  and  panels;  niche  in  brick  work  for  statue.  One  story  of 
house  in  brick,  with  tile  and  ornamental  brick,  and  brick  cornice.  Cornice 
and  pediment  for  half  of  25  ft.  front.  Brick  bracket  and  stone  corbel. 
Cornice  in  terra-cotta  or  galvanized  iron.  5 chimney  tops  with  plans.  22 
Drawings. 

Plate  33— Fire  screen  frame,  dining  room  extension  table,  picture  stand, 
library  table,  hall  stand,  hall  chair,  2 dining  room  chairs,  hanging  toilet 
stand,  side  table,  sideboard,  couch,  seat,  wardrobe  and  bachelor’s  dressing 
case,  stand  and  wardrobe.  36  Drawings. 

Plate  34 — 13  \ full  size  sections  of  base.  7 door  and  window  finish.  6 
chair  boards.  7 door  stops.  Staircase  window.  9 hall  and  staircase 
windows.  51  Drawings. 

Plate  35 — 17  front  outside  doors,  with  4 full  size  section  of  rails,  molds, 
panels,  etc.  63  Drawings. 

Plate  33—4  staircases,  with  plans  and  sections  of  rails,  newels,  wainscot, 
strings,  and  facias.  5 newel  posts,  with  stair  finish.  3 newel  posts.  17 
balusters.  13  picture  moldings.  44  Drawings. 

Plate  37 — Octagon  conservatory,  with  plan.  Conservatory  and  plan, 
with  4 full-size  sections.  2 grape  arbors.  Summer  house.  2 well  curbs. 
Balcony.  Cupola.  Barn  finish,  showing  bay  loft  door,  stable  door,  and 
i elevation  of  shed.  Barn  doors,  gable,  bay  window,  plant  cabinet,  truss 
for  church  roof.  Church  and  spire  frame,  with  plan.  41  Drawings 

Plate  38 — 2 store  fronts,  with  large  details.  Plan  of  confectionery  store, 
showing  location  of  countei’s,  shelving-,  mirrors,  dumb  waiter,  stairs  to 
basement,  toilet  closet,  and  screen  dividing  store  and  ice  cream  saloon; 
full  details  given  for  all  fittings  for  store  and  saloon.  2 bins  with  shelv- 
ing around  columns  in  grocery  store.  Broom  rack.  Store  shelving  and 
drawers.  Bar  counter.  Drug  store  shelving.  Grocery  store  shelving  and 
bins.  4 store  counters.  40  Drawings. 

Plate  39 — 8 floor  Iwders.  Side  wall  finish  in  wood.  3 ceilings.  Hall 
arch  finish.  5 beam  and  post  finish.  6 wood  cornices,  \ full  size.  6 church 
pews  and  seats,  wkii  4 full-size  detail.  2 library  book  cases.  Kitche^ 
dresser.  2 book  stands.  Library  mantel  and  book  case.  76  Drawings. 

Plate  40 — 3 towers,  3 cupolas,  6 chimneys.  4 drive  porches.  31  Draw- 
ings. 


YYliat  the  “Builder  and  Woodworker” 
says  of  this  book : 

These  detai  Is  are,  withou  t exception , the 
best  and  cheapestlot  of  working  drawings 
that  have  been  offered  to  the  workman. 
The  whole  series  of  forty-  plates  contain 
something  like  eleven  hundred  separate 
designs.  Each  plate  is  a fac-simile  of  the 
original  drawing,  without  reduction, 
therefore  just  the  same  as  if  drawn  by- 
hand  for  placing  in  the  hauds  of  the  me- 
chanic for  execution,  and  are  so  plain  that 
every  mechanic  and  apprentice  can  read- 
ily understand  them. 


‘‘Carpentry  and  Building”  says  of  it: 

The  plates  are  large  and  withal  are 
crowded,  as  though  space  were  valuable. 
This  is  in  one  sense  an  advantage,  since 
so  many  more  designs  are  obtained  for 
the  money  expended.  They  are  from  the 
best  examples  of  the  popular  modern 
styles  which  they  represent,  and  the  scales 
to  which  the  drawings  are  made  are  unu- 
sually large  ones  for  the  purpose,  none  of 
them  being  less  than  % inch  to  the  foot, 
and  many  of  the  shapes  being  half  full 
size,  a feature  which  will  he  appreciated. 


PALLISER’S  USEFUL  DETAILS. 


New  edition  just  published  in  paper  portfolio,  14  x 22,  good  paper  and  good  prints. 


An  Entirely  Original  and  Practical  Work.  Examine  carefully  the  Full  Description  and  List  of  Contents  of  this  Work. 

t§p”We  will  send  it  to  any  address,  securely  packed  and  postage  paid,  on  receipt  of  $2.00,  which  is  only  five  cents  for  each 
plate,  20x26  inches  in  size.  All  building  mechanics,  etc.,  who  know  this  will,  we  are  certain,  immediately  send  for  this  work, 
as  they  all  want  it,  and  they  know  full  well  that  he  who  exhibits  the  most  knowledge  and  skill  has  the  best  work  and  the  best 
prices  for  doing  it. 


Tbs  leading  Architectural  Journal  in  America  says  about  “ Useful  Details”: 
‘‘We  have  often  wondered  that  some  American  publishers  did  not  under- 
take to  produce  such  a book,  for  it  has  been  evident  that  a large  sale  could  be 
found  for  a work  showing  American  constructive  details  of  a good  character; 
but  at  length  has  appeared  just  the  work,  and  which  has  about  it  the  indica- 
tions of  a useful  and  successful  undertaking — Useful  to  those  who  subscribe 
for  it  aud  successful  as  a business  venture  for  the  author  publishers.  Grouped 
upon  single  folio  sheets  are  a multitude  of  details,  well  arranged  and  properly 
co-ordinated,  of  such  constructive  features  as  must  be  wrought  into  the  small 
bouses,  stables,  shops,  etc.,  iD  whose  construction  nine-tenths  of  the  mechanics 
and  a large  proportion  of  the  Architects  of  this  country  find  occupation 
‘ Useful  ’ Details  they  are  properly  called. 

When  one  sees  the  prodigality  with  which  the  authors  have  made  public 
their  ideas,  one  can  but  smile  afresh  at  the  remark  of  an  English  Architect: — 
‘D’ye  know,  I wouldn’t  be  doing  that,  ye  know.  When  I got  an  idea  1 


wouldn’t  be  giving  it  to  the  other  fellows.  I’d  be  keeping  it  for  my  own 
work,  ye  kuow.’”  From  the  American  Architect  and  Building  News. 

B.  F.  Carpenter,  a Builder  at  Glenville,  Ohio,  writes  : “I  have  your  Useful 
Details  ami  think  they  ought  to  be  in  the  bands  of  every  Builder  and  Mechan- 
ic in  the  country.  I would  not  take  for  mine  five  times  what  it  cost  me  if  I 
could  not  get  another.” 

Messrs.  Fuller  & Wheeler,  Contractors  and  Builders,  LansiDg,  Mich.,  say  : 
“ We  have  used  several  of  Uie  Useful  Details  and  the  work  always  looks  fine 
and  tasteful.  Every  Builder  auu  Mechanic  should  have  them.” 

We  could  print,  had  we  the  space,  thousands  of  the  most  flattering  letters 
received  from  people  everywhere  who  have  procured  Useful  Details  the  past 
few  mouths;  in  fact  words  will  not  express  their  great  satisfaction  at  the  rea- 
sonable price  for  such  an  immense  work.  .Many  say  oftentimes  one  design  or 
one  idea  is  worth  the  price  to  them. 


Every  Carpenter,  Builder,  Wood-worker,  Stair-Builder,  Sash,  Blind  and  Door  Maker,  Cabinet  Maker,  Mason  and  Plasterer 
should  get  a copy  of  this  valuable  work.  Ideas  are  just  as  necessary  to  the  Mechanic  as  his  tools.  This  book  contains  nearly 

eleven  hundred  valuable  ideas.  PALLISER,  PALUSER  & CQ.S  24  East  42d  Street,  New  York. 


OFFICE  OF 

HEPst XXi®o:r  dte 

ARCHITECTS, 

£4  East  42  d St.,  between  Madison  and  5th  Avenues , 

NEM  YORK. 


ESTHBLiISfiED  1877 
HT  B^IDGEPOfpT,  CONN- 

Dear  Sir, — If  you  have  selected  a desigu  from  some  book  or  other  publication  that  about  meets  your  wants,  we  shall  be  pleased  to 
furnish  you  for  a reasonable  compensation  working  plans  and  specifications  for  the  same  with  any  changes  desired,  but  if  you  wish  a specially 
prepared  design  and  plans  to  meet  your  requirements  vve  would  refer  you  to  the  following  : 


It  is  desirable  for  parties  who  contemplate  building  to  obtain  the  greatest 
amount  of  room,  with  the  best  architectural  effect,  for  the  amount  of  money 
expended,  and  to  accomplish  this  they  should  secure  the  services  of  a compe- 
tent architect,  one  who  has  made  such  things  a study  and  pursuit  for  years, 
and  has  used  every  means  to  become  familiar  with  it  in  all  iis  detail.  The  parties 
for  whom  the  building  is  to  be  erected  should  carefully  study  their  wants,  and 
give  their  ideas  to  the  architect,  to  be  worked  out  by  him;  he  can  then  prepare  a 
complete  set  of  drawings,  details  and  specifications.  The  proprietor  knows  just 
what  he  is  going  to  have  before  the  building  is  commenced,  and  he  feels  the 
assurance  that  there  can  be  no  misunderstanding  with  his  contractor,  as  the 
architect’s  drawings  and  specifications  serve  as  a mediator  between  the  owner 
and  coni  factor,  to”remind  the  former  what  to  require,  and  the  latter  what  his 
agreement  is  to  perform. 

Care,  should  be  taken  by  clients  not  to  place  too  many  restrictions  on  the 
architect — how  he  shall  do  this  or  that,  and  make  a mere  draughtsman  of  him; 
but  after  staling  the  price,  it  would  be  well  to  say  what  room  is  required,  and 
give  him  your  ideas  on  the  matter;  and  you  may  be  sure  that  everything  will 
be  added  to  the  building  which  can  be,  internally  and  externally,  that  will  en- 
hance its  beauty  and  usefulness. 

Wheu  parties  communicate  with  us  with  a view  to  obtain  our  services  in 
preparing  plans,  etc.,  they  will  please  give  the  following  particulars,  and  any 
and  all  the  ideas  they  have  on  the  subject  which  they  may  deem  of  importance. 

1.  The  amount  you  will  expeud  on  the  building  to  make  it  complete  in 
every  particular.  Do  not  state  an  amount  less  than  you  really  intend  to  spend, 
as  by  so  doing  you  may  be  disappointed,  as  some  of  our  clients  have  been  here- 
tofore on  account  of  their  understating  the  amount  they  were  willing  to  expend, 
with  the  idea  that  it  was  sure-to  ruu  up  above  the  amount  they  named.  Alady 
client  of  ours  instructed  us  that  her  house  and  barn  must  not  exceed  $10,000  in 
cost,  and  the  actual  cost  by  contract  was  $9,500,  and  she  was  disappointed  and 
would  have  been  glad  to  have  had  it  better  finished  and  more  elaborate  work 
and  would  willingly  have  paid  $15,000.  and  believed  at  the  start  that  it  would 
ruu  up  to  that  figure  before  it  was  finished,  her  friends  having  informed  her 
that  architects’  estimates  were  always  increased  in  actual  execution  by  about 
one-half. 

2.  Prices  of  Tabor  and  material  in  your  locality  for  cash;  also  state  liow 
you  intend  to  have  your  work  done,  by  contract  or  how,  or  would  you  give  it 
proper  personal  attention  yourself,  and  sharp  business  management  in  buying 
the  material  and  getting  the  work  done  acceding  to  advice  and  suggestions 
that  we  could  give  as  to  purchase  of  some  of  tne  materials  and  doing  the  work; 
give  character  and  ability  of  contractors  in  your  locality  that  you  are  likely  to 
employ;  are  they  mechanics  and  workers,  thorough,  pushing,  wide-awake 
business  men  and  close  buyers  for  cash,  or  are  they  bound  to  buy  in  the  local 
market  and  pay  whatever  some  one  chooses  to  ask,  who  gives  them  credit,  and 
are  unable  to  buy  elsewhere? 

3.  Nature  of  ground,  size  and  shape  of  lot, grade  of  ground  and  in  which 
direction  the  building  will  front,  also  principal  side.  The  best  way  is  to  send 
a rough  draft  of  the  lot,  with  points  of  compass,  and  indicate  roughly  where 
building  is  to  be  placed,  something  like  this: 

if” 


4.  What  material  will  be  used  in  construction?  Wood,  brick  or  stone? 
Give  full  particulars  where  material  can  be  obtained,  and  state  which  can  be 
had  most  conveniently  and  economically  for  the  several  purposes.  What  is 
your  preference  for  foundations  and  also  for  underpinning? 

5.  Particulars  of  other  buildings  near  it,  if  any. 

6.  Number  and  what  rooms  arc  inquired  on  each  floor;  heights  of  ceilings 
and  number  of  floors;  also  give  particulars  of  any  special  disposition  to  be 
made  of  any  of  the  rooms  on  account  of  scenery,  views,  or  otherwise. 

7.  What  the  building  and  rooms  are  to  be  used  for. 

8.  From  which  direction  are  your  most  severe  winds  and  storms. 

9.  Give  particulars  of  locality  and  character  of  the  grounds  and  surround- 
ings, and  any  special  circumstances  to  be  considered  in  the  design,  and  in  the 
location  and  arrangement  of  rooms. 

10.  What  improvements  are  required,  such  as  heating,  hot  and  cold  water, 
bath,  gas,  water  closets,  etc. 

11.  Outside  finish — porches,  tower,  bay-window,  verandas,  etc.,  etc. 

12.  Have  you  any  public  water  works?  Do  you  require  cisterns  to  receive 
water  from  roof,  or  what  provision  must  be  made  for  water  service?  Also 
give  full  particulars  of  drainage.  Can  yours  connect  with  a sewer  in  the  street 
or  must  a cesspool  be  provided,  and  state  whether  the  ground  has  a bottom  of 
sand,  gravel,  hard-pan  or  clay. 

13.  What  fence  and  outbuildings  are  required? 

14.  Name  any  work  and  materials  you  wish  to  do  or  supply,  so  that  they 
may  he  mentioned  in  specifications. 

Write  your  name  and  address  legibly,  giving  your  post-office,  county  and 
State,  and  write  your  own  name  at  the  bottom  of  vour  letters. 

After  receiving  particulars,  anything  that  will  interfere  with  the  proper 


arrangement  of  the  rooms,  and  the  carrying  out  of  a suitable  design,  will  be 
brought  to  your  notice,  and  we  shall  correspond  with  you  until  everything  will 
harmonize.  We  do  not  wish  to  send  out  designs  when  we  think  they  will  not 
give  satisfaction. 

Correspondence  invited  from  those  who  contemplate  building,  which  will 
always  receive  our  prompt  and  careful  attention. 

When  we  are  employed  by  parties  at  a distance  we  make  preliminary 
sketches  of  floor  plans,  and  usually  with  this  we  send  a small  free  hand  sketch 
of  the  elevations.  These  we  send  to  the  client,  and  they  are  returned  with 
whatever  alterations,  corrections  and  suggestions  he  makes.  Then  we  make 
the  changes  suggested  as  far  as  proper  and  send  again  to  the  client  for  final  ap 
proval  if  necessary,  and  when  our  sketches  show  just  what  is  wanted  by  our 
client  to  meet  his  necessities  and  desires,  we  make  the  working  plans,  detail 
drawings  and  specifications,  etc.,  as  required  for  the  builders  to  work  from. 
Parties  who  wish  to  employ  us  should  not  wait  until  the  last  moment,  but 
should  open  correspondence  with  us  two  or  three  months,  or  even  more,  before 
they  wish  to  commence  building. 

Our  charges  for  services  are  for  full  working  plans,  all  detail  drawings  for 
exterior  and  interior  work  and  fii lings,  specifications  and  forms  of  contract, 
two  and  a half  per  cent  on  cost  of  erecting  and  completing  building,  and,  where 
parties  are  unknown  to  us,  one-quarter  of  said  charges  usually  accompanying 
the  order  for  preliminary  sketches,  and  as  a guarantee  of  good  faith. 

In  addition  to  above  rates,  one  per  cent  is  charged  when  elaborate  sketches 
and  perspective  in  line  or  color  are  required  to  be  made  previous  to  making 
full  working  plans;  also  one  per  cent  additional  when  there  is  a large  amount 
and  variety  of  elaborate  interior  wood  work  and  fittings  to  design  in  detail  for 
first-class  dwellings,  mansions,  etc. 

For  preparing  complete  bills  of  quantities  of  materials,  a charge  of  three- 
quarters  per  cent  is  made. 

For  superintendence,  one  and  one-half  to  three  per  cent,  according  to  the 
requirements,  or  by  the  visit  by  special  agreement  for  inspecting  the  work  to 
see  whether  contractor’s  payments  are  due  or  not,  and  that  he  is  fulfilling  the 
conditions  of  the  contract. 

When  required,  we  furnish  our  client  with  a competent  and  reliable  clerk 
of  works  to  be  constantly  on  the  ground  superintending  the  construction,  and 
which  is  very  necessary  in  the  case  of  large  or  intricate  buildings. 

For  designs  in  detail  of  Furniture  and  Interior  Decorations,  ten  per  cent 
on  cost. 

For  buying  material  and  appliances  required  in  building  and  furnishing, 
such  goods  in  all  cases  being  bought  at  the  best  wholesale  trade  rates,  a charge 
of  five  per  cent  is  made. 

For  appraising  and  valuing,  charges  are  made  according  to  time  occupied 
and  circumstances. 

Traveling  expenses  and  surveying  in  all  cases  are  charged  in  addition  to 
above  rates. 

Charges  are  based  on  the  total  cost  of  actual  execution  and  payment  of  full 
value,  but  previous  to  ability  to  arrive  at  the  proper  and  full  cost,  the  approxi- 
mate intended  cost  is  used  as  the  base  on  which  to  reckon  charges. 

It  is  our  constant  aim  to  please  our  clients,  and  we  usually  succeed.  Our 
long  practice  has  convinced  us  that  it  is  quite  as  easy  to  satisfy  parties  with 
our  designs  when  we  never  see  them,  as  in  any  other  way.  When  parties  cor- 
respond with  us  in  regard  to  procuring  designs,  V'e  are  always  prompt  in  an- 
swering their  inquiries:  but  ofttimes  people  have  written  us  simply  to  get  our 
ideas  and  not  pay  for  them.  To  all  such  we  would  say  that  our  time  is  valua- 
ble, and  we  sincerely  wish  they  would  not  trouble  us.  We  mention  this  fact 
because  we  have  received  scores  of  letters,  and  answered  them,  when  the  par- 
ties really  never  intended  to  employ  us,  but  simply  steal  our  ideas.  Now  our 
ideas  are  for  sale,  and  by  this  means  we  live,  and  it  is  a pleasure  as  well  as  a 
livelihood  to  assist  people  to  build  artistic,  convenient  and  comfortable  homes. 
Perhaps  if  architects  were  rich — they  seldom  are — it  would  be  sufficient  com- 
pensation to  them  to  assist  people  as  far  as  possible  with  ideas;  but  as  they  are 
not,  they  are  obliged  to  combine  pleasure  and  profit  in  a way  it  is  seldom  done 
except  in  architecture. 

Wheu  you  want  a lawyer,  do  yon  ask  all  the  attorneys  you  know  to  make  a 
“bid,”  and  then  employ  the  cheapest?  Do  you  not  rather  look  for  the  attor- 
ney whose  skill,  knowledge  of  the  law  and  personal  character  insure  thorough 
and  honest  effort  in  your  interest?  Level-headed  business  men  seek  the  best 
legal  talent;  in  their  judgment  the  best  is  the  cheapest,  and  it  should  be  just 
the  same  in  regard  to  the  employment  of  architects,  yet  many  think  that  the 
least  they  can  get  a design  for  is  so  much  made.  This  is  a great  mistake,  and 
is  admitted  by  all  intelligent  men.  It  is  impossible  to  get  anything  for  less 
than  its  value,  and  at  the  same  time  have  it  prove  satisfactory.  It  is  hut  a very 
small  design  that  will  occupy  a week’s  time  in  its  study,  and  the  proper  prepa- 
ration of  the  drawings  aud  specifications. 

We  shall  be  very  glad  to  hear  from  all  persons  who  intend  to  build,  and 
wish  our  services,  and  we  will  serve  them  faithfully. 

Our  aim  is  to  please  our  clients,  aud  to  give  just  as  much  for  their  money 
as  possible. 

It  may  seem  a curious  fact,  but  to  design  a small  cottage,  and  get  the  most 
for  a limited  cost,  is  a much  harder  study  than  to  design  a house  to  contain  so 
many  rooms,  and  have  this  and  that,  where  we  are  not  limited  to  cost. 

Our  drawings  are  made  on  vellum,  so  that  they  will  stand  wear  and  tear; 
are  thoroughly  lettered,  figured,  and  made  plain  as  daylight.  Also,  any  one 
can  understand  our  full-size  working  drawings.  The  specifications  are  always 
made  complete  in  every  particular,  and  are  furnished  in  duplicate,  for  builder 
aud  proprietor,  as  are  also  our  forms  of  contract;  and  all  instructions  are  given 
our  clients  in  the  most  complete  way  to  enable  them  to  have  the  design  proper- 
ly executed,  and  their  building  affairs  satisfactorily  conducted. 

To  those  who  need  our  services,  we  would  say  that  our  aim  at  all  times  is 
to  produce  what  will  in  every  way  give  satisfaction,  and  our  services,  advice, 
etc.,  are  rendered  in  full  confidence  that  they  will  do  so. 

You  will  do  us  a favor  by  showing  this  book,  or  speaking  of  it  to  your 
ffiends  aud  any  one  in  your  locality  who  intends  to  build  or  is  otherwise  in- 
terested. We  have  the  honor  to  be  yours  most  respectfully, 

PALLISER,  PALLISER  & CO., 

Architects. 


DESCRIPTIVE  PRICE-LIST 

For  Full  Working  Plans,  Detail  Drawings  and  Specifications  with  any  and  all  changes  and  alterations  made  t© 
suit  individual  requirements  for  each  and  every  one  of  the  popular  designs  contained  and  illustrated  in  Palliser’s 
American  Architecture  ; or,  Every  Man  a Complete  Builder.  Specifications  are  furnished  in  duplicate  and 
properly  arranged  for  owner  and  builder.  A full  supply  of  Palliser’s  Contract  Blanks  with  Bond,  so  as  to  fill 
out  and  make  proper  agreement  with  builder,  is  furnished  free.  Colors  for  painting  are  furnished. 


DESCRIPTION  AND  LOCATION  OP  DESIGN. 


Prices  of 
Plans,  Etc. 


DESCRIPTION  AND  LOCATION  OP  DESIGN. 


Prices  of 
Plans,  Etc. 


Page  5.  Large  house,  on  title  page,  at  Seaside  Park, 


of  brick  and  timber $75  00 

Page  5.  The  above,  entirely  of  frame,  with  Tower 
left  off,  and  detail  modified  to  a $4,750  or 

$5,000  house 55  00 

Page  7.  Design  1,  Plate  2 25  00 

“ 2,  “ 2 15  00 

“ 3,  “ 2 15  00 

Page  9.  “ 4,  “ 3 15  00 

“ 5,  “ 3 20  Oo 

“ 6,  “ 3 10  00 

Page  11.  “ 7,  " 4 ..  20  00 

“ 8,  “ 4 20  00 

Page  13.  “ 9,  “ 5 25  00 

“ 10,  “ 5 15  00 

Page  15.  “ 11,  “ 6 17  50 

“ 12,  “ 6 10  00 

Page  17.  “ 13,  “ 7 17  50 

“ 14,  “ 7 25  00 

“ 15,  “ 7 30  00 

Page  19.  “ 16,  “ 8 17  50 

“ 17,  “ 8 17  50 

Page  21.  “ 18,  “ 9 25  00 

Page  23  “ 19,  “ 10 30  00 

Page  25.  “ 20,  “ 11 30  00 

“ 21,  “ 11 27  50 

Page  27.  “ 22,  “ 12 30  00 

Page  28.  Scooba  Cottage 10  00 

Birmingham  Cottage 15  00 

Page  29.  Design  23,  Plate  13 25  00 

Page  30.  Chelsea  Cottage 15  00 

Page  31.  Design  24,  Plate  14 30  00 

Page  32.  Tomlinson  Cottage 25  00 

Page  33.  Design  25,  Plate  15  30  00 

Page  34.  Litchfield  Cottage 27  50 

Page  35.  Design  26,  Plate  16. 35  00 

Page  36.  Tazewell  Residence 27  50 

Page  37.  Design  27,  Plate  17 35  00 

Page  38.  Trinler  Cottage 35  00 

Page  39.  Design  28,  Plate  18 55  00 

Page  40.  Hotchkiss  Residence 45  00 

Page  41.  Design  29,  Plate  19 35  00 

Page  42.  Carpenter  Residence 45  00 


Anyone  about  to  build  can  get  fitted  with  suitable 


Page  43.  Design  30,  Plate  20 37  50 

Page  44.  Coe  Residence 45  00 

Page  45.  Design  31,  Plate  21 27  50 

Page  46  and  48.  Egge  Cottage 45  00 

Page  47.  Design  32,  Plate  22 45  00 

Page  49.  “ 33,  “ 23 27  50 

Page  50.  Marble  Cottage 45  00 

Page  51.  Design  34,  Plate  24 37  50 

Page  52.  Woodruff  Residence 45  00 

Page  53.  Design  35,  Plate  25  45  00 

Page  54.  Gardiner  Residence 45  00 

Page  55.  Design  36,  Plate  26 40  00 

Page  56.  Pair  Houses 45  00 

Page  57.  Design  37,  Plate  27 45  00 

Page  58.  Physician’s  Residence 50  00 

Page  59.  Design  38,  Plate  28 . 60  00 

Page  60.  Double  House  45  00 

Page  61.  Design  39,  Plate  29 30  00 

Page  62  and  64.  Underwood  Residence 55  00 

Page  63.  Design  40,  Plate  30 60  00 

Page  65.  “ 41,  “ 31 37  50 

Page  66.  Farm  Barn  and  Hennery 45  00 

Page  67.  Design  42,  Plate  32 35  00 

Page  68.  Stable  and  Carriage  House .'.  17  50 

Page  69.  Design  43,  Plate  33 45  00 

Page  70.  School  House 100  00 

Page  71.  Design  44,  Plate  34 45  00 

Page  72.  Masonic  Building 55  00 

Page  73.  Design  45,  Plate  35 45  00 

Page  74.  Bank  and  Library 80  00 

Page  75.  Design  46,  Plate  36 45  00 

Page  76.  Town  Hall 100  00 

Page  77.  Design  47,  Plate  37. 45  00 

Page  78.  Episcopal  Church 45  00 

Page  79.  Design  48,  Plate  38 45  00 

Page  80.  Catholic  Church 65  00 

Page  81.  Design  49,  Plate  39 55  00 

Page  82.  Presbyterian  or  Congregational  Church . . 100  00 

Page  83.  Design  50,  Plate  40 45  00 

Page  84  to  89.  Modern  Cottage,  4 rooms  on  a floor, 

with  or  without  Tower 45  00 

Modern  Cottage,  3 rooms  on  a floor,  and  with 
or  without  Tower 27  50 


plans,  etc.,  from  the  above,  and  all  changes  are  made  to  suit 


their  wants  and  requirements  without  extra  cost.  Address  all  orders  to 


<X_  S.  OGILVIE,  ZP-CTBLISIEriEilE?. 

57  Rose  Street;.  USTe-w  "STcarHs:. 


A New  and  Important  Work  Just  Issued. 


THE  FINEST  AND  BEST  PUBLICATION 

Public  Buildings  of  Every  Description. 

Palliser’s  Court  Houses, 

CITY  HALLS,  JAILS,  Etc.,  Etc, 


By  the  Celebrated  Architects, 

PALLISER,  PALLISER  & CO. 


There  is  not  an  Architect,  Public  Official,  Mason  Con- 
tractor or  prominent  Builder,  or  anyone  interested  that  can 
afford  to  be  without  it.  It  is  a practical  work. 

The  latest,  cheapest  and  most  popular  work  issued  on 
Public  Buildings.  Three  hundred  and  fifty  drawings. 

A $10  BOOK  IN  SIZE  AND  STYLE. 

This  book  is  11x14  inches  in  size  and  consists  of  85  large 
9x12  plates,  giving  plans,  elevations,  perspective  views  and 
Detail  Drawings,  actual  cost  of  construction  and  instructions 
how  to  build  public  buildings  of  every  description  for  Vil- 
lages, Towns,  Cities,  Counties,  States,  and  costing  from 
$600  to  $195,000,  together  with  specifications,  etc.,  etc. 

16  plates  of  details  on  the  practical  construction  of  Court 
Houses  and  Jails.  A supplement  giving  a double  plate  page 
of  a large  Court  House  printed  in  colors  and  two  plates  of 
Heliotype  prints  of  Court  Houses  taken  from  nature. 


Miniature  view  of  Knox  County  Court  House,  erected  at  Knoxville, 
Tenn.,  the  finest  Court  House  in  the  Southern  States,  is  fully  illustrated  in  this 
work.  Erected  from  working  plans  and  specifications  prepared  by 

PALLISER,  PALLISER  & CO., 

AEOHITEOTS, 

EsTe-w  "STorte. 


Full  List  of  Illustrations  Contained  in  this  Work  are  Given  Below . 


» a 


Frontispiece. — Old  Court  House,  New 
Jersey,  erected  1796. 

“ Manor  Hall,  erected  1682,  now 
the  City  Hail,  Yonkers,  N.  Y. 

Page  7. — Set  of  preliminary  sketches  for  Plates 

the  Escambia  County  Court 
House,  Pensacola,  Fla.,  which  1 

were  successful  in  an  invited  to 

and  paid  competition.  4 

Page  11. — Specifications,  working  plans, 
details  and  bill  of  material  for 
the  Escambia  County  Court 
House,  erected  at  Pensacola, 

Fla.  Cost  $43,000.  Plans  and 
elevations  from  working  draw-  5 

ings  and  the  details  reproduced 
from  full  size  and  H inch  to 

scale  drawings.  At  the  time  of 
its  erection  this  building  was  29 
said  to  be  the  finest  in  the  State 
of  Florida.  (See  supplement  for 
view  printed  from  nature.) 

Page  39. — A Pa.  County  Record  Office, 
cost  $8,000. 

— A Court  House  of  frame  with  30 

fire  proof  vaults  for  small  county 
in  a Western  State,  cost  $5,500. 

Page  40. — Full  plans,  sections  and  eleva- 
tions of  the  Knox  County  Court 
House,  erected  at  Knoxville, 

Tenn.,  with  fire-proof  floors, 
cost  $87,000,  submitted  in  a 
limited  competition  with  11 
architects,  of  Atlanta,  Ga.,  and 
Knoxville,  Tenn.  Tliis  build-  31 

ing  is  said  by  lawyers  and  judges 
to  be  the  finest  and  mostconve-  to 
nient  Court  House  in  the  South- 
ern States,  aud  this  design  was  36 
unanimously  adopted  by  the 
committee  and  out  of  16  on  the 
first  ballot  13  voted  for  its  adop- 
tion. It  was  said  that  some  of 
the  designs  submitted  had  from 
10  to  15  freaks  or  tin  towers  on 
the  roof,  and  that  a disappointed 
architect  commenced  a suit 
against  the  county  for  $15,000 
damages.  (See  supplement  for 
perspective  view  from  nature.) 

Page  46. — An  Indiana  County  Court 

House,  Stone  with  fire-proof  37 

construction.  Cost  $165,000.  to 

(See  supplement  for  perspective  42 

view  printed  in  colors.) 


Pla'es 

Page  52. — Design  for  Fairfield  County,  43  to 
. Conn. .Court  House, cost  $90,000  45 

Page  55. — A Pa.  County  Court  House,  . 
built  of  stone,  with  all  fire-proof 
floors,  cost  $70,000.  8 

Page  58. — Design  for  Fort  Bend  County,  49  and 
Texas, Court  House, cost  $25,000  50 

Page  60. — Design  for  Morton  County,  ri  ■> 
Dakota,  Court  House  and  Jaii,  0 -0 
cost  $30,000.  ^ 

Page  62. — Floyd  County  Court  House, 

now  in  course  of  erection  at  53 

Prestonsburg,  Ky.,  cost  $15,000. 

Page  63. — Full  plans  aud  details  of  Pri- 
son Buildings,  erected  for  the 
government  of  British  Columbia 
at  Victoria  and  New  Westmin- 
ster, B.  C. , cost  $38,000.  54 

A premium  of  $500  was  of- 
fered architects  and  the  work  of  to 
preparing  plans,  etc.,  at  regular 
rates  for  the  best  design  «ub-  56 
mitted.  This  design  received 
the  premium  over  a dozen 
designs  sent  in  by  Canadian 
Architects. 

Page  66.— Design  for  Taylor  County,  -- 

Texas,  Jail.  Cost  $14,000. 

Page  67. — A small  Village  Hall, cost  $600 


— A Model  Village  Hall,  cost  58 
$4,000. 

Page  68. — Madison  Hall  for  the  Turn- 
ers and  Concordia  Societies  and  59 

for  the  general  use  of  the  people  and 
of  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  cost  $18,-  60 

000. 

Page  70. — Design  for  Dallas,  Texas,  61  and 
City  Hall,  cost  $50,000,  62 

Page  72. — Design  for  Naugatuck,  Conn.,  63  and 
Town  Hall,  cost  $25,000.  64 

Page  74. — City  Hall  now  in  course  of 

erection  at  Watertown,  Dakota,  65 

cost  $20,000. 

Page  75. — Public  Hall  at  Norfolk, 

Conn.,  built  by  a corporation,  66  to 


Plates 


composed  of  the  townspeople, 
cost  $6,500,  perspective  view, 
print  from  nature. 

Page  78. — Design  for  Town  Hall,  Utica, 
Ohio,  cost  $12,000. 

Page  79. — Design  for  Town  Hall,  Still 
Pond,  Md.,  cost  $4,500. 

Page  80. — Public  Exhibition  Hall  and 
Rink,  Yarmouth,  Nova  Scotia, 
cost  $10,000. 

Page  81. — A Village  Hook  and  Ladder 
and  Trustees’  Offices,  cost  $3,- 
000. 

— Two  sets  of  floor  plans  for 
small  Town  or  Village  Offices, 
cost  $5,000  to  $6,000. 

Page  82.— Design  for  the  Southwestern 
Lunatic  Asylum,  Va.,  cost 
$100,000. 

Page  84. — Design  and  specifications  for 
the  Territorial  Capitol  Build- 
ing, Santa  Fe,  New  Mexico, 
cost  $195,000. 

Page  92. — Ocean  Grove  and  Asbury 
Park,  N.  J.,  Library  Hall,  cost 
$12,000. 


68 

i 

69 

70 

71 


72 


73 
and 

74 

75 
to 
80 

81 


Page  93. — Floor  plans  of  Armory,  C.  N. 

-G.,  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  cost  82 

$20,000. 

Page  94. — Design  for  Armory,  C.  N.  G.,  83 

New  Haven,  Conn.,  cost  and 

$37,225.  84 

Page  96. — Plans  and  Details  of  Iron 
Band  Stand  erected  in  Wash- 
ington  Park,  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  85 

cost  $1,200. 

A number  of  foreign  examples  of  public  build- 
ings, as  an  English  Town  Hall;  a Workmen’s 
Institute  and  Recreation  Hall;  Infirmary;  Mar- 
ket Hall;  Public  Library;  Public  Baths  and  a 
Cottage  Hospital. 

A Swiss  Town  Hall;  a Viennese  Museum,  all 
of  which  are  good  examples  that  may  be  profit- 
ably followed. 

Also  a number  of  Texas  public  buildings  that 
are  not  considered  models. 


This  book  of  108  pages,  as  described  above,  will  be  sent  by  mail,  postpaid,  to  any  address  on 
receipt  of  price.  Price,  heavy  paper  cover,  TWO  DOLLARS;  bound  in  cloth,  THREE 
DOLLARS.  Address 

J.  S.  OGIiVIE,  Publisher,  57  Rose  St.,  New  York. 


PRICE  IN  PAPER  COVER,  $2.00;  BOUND  IN  CLOTH,  $3.00. 


!«•  X-H  M 


ALUSER’S,  ^ 

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Copyright,  1889,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  24  East  42d  St.,  New  York. 

The  above  shows  the  front  cover  page,  and  is  full  size  of  plates  and  printed  pages  in  Palliser’s  Court  Houses.  City  Halls,  Jails 
and  other  Public  Buildings,  a full  description  of  which  is  given  on  the  next  page. 


JTTST  PUBLISHED. 


PALLISEE’S 


MISCELLANEOUS 


Architectural  Designs  & Details, 


Miniature  cut  of  Stable  and  Carriage  House, 
by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  Architects,  New  York. 


j For  Carpenters  and  Builders,  Mechanics  and  All 
People  Intending  to  Build. 

BY  THE  MOST  POPULAR  ARCHITECTS, 

PALLISER,  PALLISER  & CO. 


This  work  contains  100  pages,  mostly  all  plates  11  x 14  in  size,  nearly  1,000  drawings  and  illustrations, 
giving  plans,  elevations  and  perspective  views  of  Barns,  Stables  and  Carriage  House,  Greenhouse,  Summer 
House,  a Model  Poultry  House,  Outhouses,  Bath  Houses  and  Pavilion,  3 Designs  for  Cottages  of  moderate 
cost,  3 Frame  Double  Houses,  3 Southern  Houses,  2 Villas — with  Details,  11  City  Brick  Fronts— with  Details, 
4 Frame  Low-Cost  Tenement  Houses — with  Details. 

Also  Details  of  Brick,  Terra  Cotta  and  Wooden  Mantels  in  great  variety,  Stairs,  Newels,  Posts,  Rails  and 
Balusters,  Fences,  Gateways,  Railings,  etc.,  Elevation  and  Section  of  Brick  and  Stone  Bank  Front — with  Plan 
of  Front,  Brick  Cornices  and  Sections,  9 Iron  Finials  and  Crests,  5 Terra  Cotta  Finials  and  Ridge  Crests, 
6 Wood  Finials  and  5 Ridge  Crests  in  Wood,  Cornices  and  Sections,  Gabels,  Plan  and  Elevation  of  Area 
Cover,  Ornamental  Front  Brick  Work — with  Terra  Cotta  Name  Tablet,  Frieze  Belts  and  Panels,  Niche  in  brick 
work  for  Statue,  One  Story  of  House  in  Brick — with  tile  and  ornamental  brick  and  brick  cornice,  Cornice  and 
Pediment  for  half  of  25-foot  Front,  Brick  Bracket  and  Stone  Corbel,  Cornice  in  Terra  Cotta  or  Galvanized 
Iron,  5 Chimney  Tops— with  plans,  Bay  Window,  Piazza  and  Exterior  Cottage  Details,  Fire  Screen,  Frames, 
Dining  Room  Extension  Table,  Picture  Stand,  Library  Table,  Hall  Stand,  Hall  Chair,  Dining  Room  Chairs, 
Hanging  Toilet  Stand,  Side  Tables,  Side  Boards,  Couch,  Seats,  Wardrobe  and  Bachelor’s  Dressing  Case,  Stand 
and  Wardrobe,  II  Front  Outside  Doors — with  Section  of  Rails,  Moulds  anci  Panels,  Interior  Door  Trim,  Wains- 
cotting,  Paneled  Ceiling,  etc.,  etc  , plainly  drawn  so  as  to  be  easily  understood  and  appreciated  by  the  practical 
man;  also  Form  of  Building  Contract  and  a complete  illustrated  list  of  the  best  publications  issued  on  the 
subject  of  building,  compiled  as  a valuable  adviser  for  students  of  architecture,  carpenters,  builders  and  me- 
chanics, as  well  as  the  public  in  general. 


“ Every  man  has  at  some  time  in  his  life  a personal  interest  in  architecture.  He  has  influence  on  the 
design  of  some  public  building  or  he  has  to  buy  or  build  or  alter  his  own  houses.  It  signifies  less  whether 
the  knowledge  of  other  art  be  general  or  not.  Men  may  live  without  buying  pictures  or  statues,  but  in  archi- 
tecture all  must  in  some  way  commit  themselves  ; they  must  do  mischief  and  waste  their  money,  if  they  do 
not  know  how  to  turn  it  to  accouut.  Churches  and  shops  and  warehouses  and  cottages,  and  small  row  or  place, 
and  terrace  bouses  must  be  built  and  lived  in,  however  joyless  or  inconvenient,  and  it  is  assuredly  intended 
that  all  of  us  should  have  knowledge  in  matters  in  which  we  are  daily  concerned,  and  not  to  be  left  to  the 
caprice  of  architects.” — Buskin. 


This  book  bound  in  paper  cover  will  be  sent  by  mail,  postpaid,  on  receipt  of  $1.00.  Address  all  orders  to 


J.  S.  OGILVIE,  Publisher, 


57  ROSE  STREET,  NEW  YORK 


GETTY  CENTER  LIBRARY 


# O. 


